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work
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
work
I.verb
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a business/working lunch (=a lunch during which you also do business)
▪ She was having a business lunch with a customer.
a good deal of trouble/time/work etc
▪ I went to a good deal of trouble to get this ticket.
a hard day’s work/walking/skiing etc
▪ There’s a sauna where you can relax after a hard day’s skiing.
a machine operates/works
▪ The machine works using solar power.
a strategy works
▪ The Government’s economic strategy was not working.
a system operates/works (=exists and is used)
▪ He tried to explain how the planning system operates.
a system works
▪ The air-conditioning system isn’t working.
a system works (=is successful)
▪ The public needs to see that the complaints system works.
a tactic works (=is successful)
▪ Those tactics won’t work with me any more – I know you too well.
a work permit
▪ She had problems getting a work permit for the States.
a work situation (=a situation at work)
▪ These problems often arise in work situations.
a working breakfast (=at which you talk about business)
▪ She suggested we meet at 8.30 for a working breakfast.
a working partnership
▪ Theirs is one of the most fruitful working partnerships in modern science.
a working relationship (=a relationship appropriate for people who work together)
▪ She’s a fine actress and we developed a great working relationship.
a working/learning environment
▪ Most people prefer a quiet working environment.
a work/student visa
▪ They'd sent their daughter abroad on a student visa.
an hour’s/six hours' etc work (=work that it took you an hour/six hours etc to do)
▪ I did two hours’ work before breakfast.
arduous task/work
▪ the arduous task of loading all the boxes into the van
be worth the time/effort/work
▪ It was a great evening, and definitely worth all the hard work.
be/move/work in sync
▪ The two mechanisms have to work in sync.
be/work to the disadvantage of sb (=make someone unlikely to be successful)
▪ This system works to the disadvantage of women.
carry out work
▪ You’ll have to get a builder to carry out the work.
carry out work
▪ You’ll have to get a builder to carry out the work.
carrying out essential maintenance work
▪ Engineers are carrying out essential maintenance work on the main line to Cambridge.
case work
casual work
▪ Chris has occasional casual work but mostly he is unemployed.
changing patterns of work/behaviour etc
▪ Changing patterns of work mean that more people are able to work from home.
class/team/work etc mate
▪ Dad’s office mates are throwing a party for him.
clerk of works
conservation work
▪ The group spent four months carrying out conservation work in the rainforest.
construction work
▪ Construction work on the new road is expected to take two years.
craft work (=things made by craftsmen or women)
▪ Craft work, such as hand-knitted items or decorated cakes, often sells well.
creative work
▪ Diaghilev did his great creative work in France.
definitive study/work/guide etc
▪ the definitive study of Victorian railway stations
development work (=the work of helping development in poor areas)
▪ Further funds are required to allow the development work to continue.
devise/work out a strategy (also formulate a strategyformal)
▪ We had to devise strategies for saving money.
do some/any/ no etc work
▪ She was feeling too tired to do any work.
do work experience
▪ Why do I have to do work experience?
done an honest day’s work
▪ I bet he’s never done an honest day’s work in his life!
experimental work/studies
▪ experimental studies on birds and animals
find/work out a compromise
▪ A temporary compromise was found.
get off work
▪ What time do you get off work?
get...worked up
▪ You shouldn’t get so worked up about it.
give sb work/homework etc
▪ How much homework are you given in a week?
▪ He’s always giving us chores to do around the house.
grunt work
▪ These guys do the grunt work in preparing tax returns.
happy in your work/job etc
hard work
▪ To be successful in sport requires hard work and a great deal of determination.
heavy...work
▪ My son does most of the heavy outdoor work.
keep up the good work! (=continue to work hard and well)
knock off work
▪ We usually knock off work at about twelve on Saturday.
line of work/business
▪ What line of business is he in?
meaningful work
▪ They want a chance to do meaningful work.
of working age
▪ 55 percent of the people are of working age.
operate/work a machine
▪ Have you been taught to operate the machine properly?
out of work
▪ out-of-work actors
perform work
▪ Over 6,000 people in our community of 100,000 perform volunteer work.
perform/work a miracle (=achieve something very good which no one thought was possible)
▪ The new coach has worked miracles, and the team have won their last four games.
pioneering work/research/efforts etc
▪ the pioneering work of NASA scientists
plan/work sth out in detail
▪ I haven't worked our trip out in detail yet.
practical work
▪ Archaeology students are required to do a certain amount of practical work.
public works
▪ the public works department
relief work
▪ The charity raised over five million pounds for relief work.
remote working
repair work
▪ The council has been responsible for appointing contractors to carry out this repair work.
repetitive work/tasks/jobs
▪ repetitive tasks like washing and ironing
research work
▪ Doctor Fox received world-wide acclaim for her research work on breast cancer.
restoration work
▪ Major restoration work will begin in May.
return to work
▪ Jean is well enough now to consider her return to work.
routine work
▪ We need more junior staff to help out with the routine work.
sb's absence from work/school
▪ You will be entitled to sick pay in respect of any absence from work through sickness.
sb’s place of work/employmentformal
▪ Please give the address of your place of work.
sb’s work/business/school address
▪ I sent the letter to her work address.
▪ My business address is on my card.
school/work clothes
▪ Work clothes tend to be black, blue, or grey.
set up/establish a working group (to do sth)
▪ The commission has set up a special working group to look at the problem.
sewage works
shift work/working (=working shifts)
▪ Does the job involve shift work?
shift work/working (=working shifts)
▪ Does the job involve shift work?
social work
start school/college/work
▪ I started college last week.
take time off (work/school)
▪ I rang my boss and arranged to take some time off.
temporary work
▪ You might want to consider temporary work until you decide what you want to do.
the complete works of (=a book, CD etc containing everything Shakespeare wrote)
the complete works of Shakespeare
the working poor (=poor people who have jobs, rather than unemployed people)
▪ These tax-cut proposals are targeted at the working poor.
the working/lower class
▪ At this time most of the working class was very poor.
thirsty work (=work that makes you want a drink)
▪ All this digging is thirsty work .
too much like hard work (=it would involve too much work)
▪ Becoming a doctor never interested him. It was too much like hard work.
undertake work
▪ The work is being undertaken by team of experts.
voluntary work/service
▪ He does voluntary work with young offenders.
work a shift
▪ They work quite long shifts.
work as a consultant
▪ We have 170 staff working as computer consultants to clients.
work as a spy
▪ He died while working as a government spy.
work as a team
▪ You have to learn to work as a team.
work ethic
▪ They instilled the work ethic into their children.
work experience placement/programme/scheme etc
work experience
▪ She’s well qualified but has no relevant work experience.
work for a company
▪ How long have you been working for your present company?
work for a firm
▪ Chris has been working for this firm for nearly 20 years.
work from/at home (=do your work at home instead of at an office)
▪ I work at home three days a week.
work in a factory
▪ Donna works in a shoe factory.
work in harmony
▪ He urged all Americans to work in harmony to solve the nation’s problems.
work in shifts
▪ We had to work in shifts – four hours on and four off.
work in the fields (=do farm work)
▪ Most villagers work in the fields during the day.
work late
▪ Ellen has to work late tonight.
work load
▪ My work load has doubled since Henry left.
work long hours (=work for more time than is usual)
▪ Doctors often work long hours.
work magic (=do magic)
▪ What do you expect me to do? I can’t work magic!
work of art
▪ That cake’s a real work of art!
work on a farm
▪ I used to work on a farm when I was younger.
work on a project
▪ A team has been working on the project for three years.
work on an assumption (=act according to something that may not be true)
▪ The police seemed to be working on the assumption that he was guilty.
work on your fitness (=try to improve your fitness)
▪ He's working on his fitness in preparation for the New York marathon.
work out an equation
▪ I spent over an hour trying to work out the equation.
work overtime
▪ He's been working a lot of overtime.
work part-time
▪ She wants to work part-time after she’s had the baby.
work permit
work release
work sth out on a calculator
▪ Work it out on a calculator if you can't do it in your head.
work stoppage
▪ a work stoppage by government employees
work the soil (=prepare the soil to grow plants)
▪ They worked the soil with hoes and forks.
work to a deadline (=have to finish something by a deadline)
▪ We're all under pressure and working to deadlines.
work to your advantage (=make you have an advantage – often used when this is unexpected)
▪ Sometimes a lack of experience can work to your advantage.
work towards a goal
▪ We are all working towards similar goals.
work/be sold for a pittance
▪ The crop was sold for a pittance.
worked hard
▪ She has worked hard all her life.
worked in pairs
▪ We worked in pairs for the role-play exercise.
worked undercover
▪ He worked undercover in Germany and Northern Ireland.
worked up a thirst (=done something that made us thirsty)
▪ We had worked up a thirst , and so we decided to stop for a beer.
worked up
▪ You shouldn’t get so worked up about it.
worked...into a frenzy
▪ Doreen had worked herself into a frenzy.
working capital
working class
▪ Marx wrote about the political struggles of the working class.
working closely
▪ The successful applicant will be working closely with our international staff.
working conditions
▪ An office must be able to provide safe working conditions.
working feverishly
▪ Congress is working feverishly to pass the bill.
working for peanuts
▪ I’m tired of working for peanuts.
working girl
working group
▪ The commission has set up a special working group to look at the problem.
working model (=one with parts which move)
▪ a working model of a steam engine
working nine to five
▪ She didn’t like working nine to five.
working papers
working party
working prototype
▪ a working prototype of the new car
Working Tax Credit
working together
▪ We’ve very much enjoyed working together.
work/labour/toil in obscurity (=work without being well-known)
▪ After years of working in obscurity, his paintings are now hanging in museums.
works of art
▪ The exhibition features works of art by Picasso and Matisse.
works of literature
▪ He has read many of the major works of literature.
work/study etc full-time
▪ She works full-time and has two kids.
▪ The success of the series enabled her to concentrate full-time on writing.
work/writer/man etc of genius
▪ Wynford was an architect of genius.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADVERB
closely
▪ James worked closely with his bishops, and in particular with George Abbot, whom he appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1611.
▪ Both had been determined to overcome authoritarian rule from Addis Ababa and had worked closely together to achieve this end.
▪ Walsh returns as an administrative assistant to Seifert and will work closely with second-year offensive coordinator Marc Trestman.
▪ The primary aim of the central bank is to work closely with the government and so to operate in the public interest.
▪ We will work closely with our partners in foreign policy and in the war on international crime.
▪ Under this system, junior and senior nurses work closely together in the care of a group of patients.
▪ We had worked closely together during those rushed summer months.
hard
▪ He remains convinced that it is imperative to work hard on his swing.
▪ He was not himself a classic workaholic; if he worked hard, it was not demonically so.
▪ It's a blow to University students who've had to cancel performances they've worked hard to produce.
▪ We both worked hard in our different ways.
▪ We all worked hard at the lesson, no time wasted.
▪ I had worked hard every summer since I was eleven, and there was an entrepreneurial streak in me.
▪ The resident proprietor has worked hard at maintaining an excellent reputation for service and comfort.
▪ Most of the time he kept to Inmself, stayed in his hotel room, and worked hard.
together
▪ But we must discuss areas where we can cooperate and work together.
▪ As any teacher can tell you, this is made much easier when the entire school works together to build this ethos.
▪ The two have worked together to produce a booming Sunbelt and a brisk new stirring of the ethnic melting pot.
▪ How can we work together to find these ways of being, relating, and creating?
▪ She urged women to re-examine their roles in society and to work together to become decision-makers.
▪ Parents of such a child need to work together as a team.
▪ I am therefore writing to ask if you would be interested in our working together to produce AppleMac versions of the programs.
▪ Our working together has been fine.
well
▪ The arrangements are working well and I have every confidence that the job will be completed satisfactorily on time.
▪ Their ability to map a statistical distribution, however, works well only with large networks.
▪ The abbreviated lower horn works well with the tight curve of the waist, and aids comfort when sitting to play.
▪ The four-star officer believed his renewed efforts on character development were working well, according to Navy sources.
▪ On reading through these pages you will be convinced that this is exactly the way in which the things could work well.
▪ The first time he tried it on me, the system did not work well.
▪ Nor does it work well outside cities; its short range demands a dense network of base stations.
▪ He worked well with the tutors and finished most of his courses.
■ NOUN
home
▪ He works in an office, I work at home.
▪ MacArthur says that the husband alone should work outside the home.
▪ The very idea of working from home should have been anathema to me.
▪ Sometimes she made six dollars a day, working in two private homes.
▪ Students on the part-time course will work from home, visiting Middlesbrough only for the final examination.
▪ Nearly a third of respondents also said they increased their productivity by working at home.
▪ Spending also varies according to whether married women work outside the home.
▪ As might be expected, phone companies are major advocates and practitioners of working from home or other remote locations.
system
▪ This unsophisticated system will probably work very well if there are not too many large mailings over the year.
▪ The other systems do not work.
▪ The system works without any conscious overseeing or organizing.
▪ If student reports are anything to go on, the system does appear to work at Thayer.
▪ This system makes children work whether they find the work interesting or not.
▪ The system could work properly only if the values of the two currencies did not drift too far apart from each other.
▪ For the system to work properly, several practical and technical obstacles will need to be overcome over the next 12 months.
▪ As the churning mass swelled within him his resilient Goblin digestive system got to work on the over-abundance of raw material.
way
▪ It only works the other way round.
▪ We work in whatever ways we can toward the end of capitalist patriarchy.
▪ That institutions work in this way, contributing to the general statusquo, becomes taken for granted by Radcliffe-Brown.
▪ Gains in nonagricultural employment and total hours worked led the way.
▪ I work in a controlled way, so mentally it's exhausting.
▪ Chiming, echoed tones, like timbres that start as tastes in the mouth then work their way somehow into the ear.
▪ I might have guessed you'd something worked out in the way of revenge, but your timing's gone a bit wrong.
▪ Tom, like most of the others, will need lots of reinforcement as he works his way through the change.
■ VERB
begin
▪ Ghatak was a committed Marxist, who began his career working in a political theatre company.
▪ Horowitz began working at the company when he was in high school.
▪ Harry remembered the crystal chandeliers and as the warmth began to work through him he dozed.
▪ Now, to cover all eventualities, I at once began to work on both lungs.
▪ At other times a helpful listener can help the woman clarify her concerns and begin to work on resolving them.
▪ I began to work in steel mills when I was seventeen to support my education.
▪ And he began to work hard at them.
continue
▪ Most of all, they have to continue working and playing hard.
▪ It's a familiar routine, as Bush continues to work the centre ground in his presidential contest with Al Gore.
▪ The photographer Burkett has also shown at Etherton before, and like Marcus-Orlen he continues to work in clearly staked-out territory.
▪ He continues to work, although he is weaker than he was.
▪ He will continue to work as a financial planner for Denver stock broker Dain Bosworth while he tries to make the team.
▪ After completing his articles Knowles continued working in his father's architectural office.
▪ He also will intensify the fight against crime and continue to work for welfare reform.
return
▪ It was agreed that he might return to work from the hospital when he felt better able to cope.
▪ It consistently disadvantages older workers, young people, and women returning to work.
▪ In later episodes of thirtysomething, Hope returned to work.
▪ The co-workers returned to work the next day.
▪ However, next morning the actors return to work and the organizational drama continues.
spend
▪ We had spent nine months working on the first one!
▪ Lee has spent 23 years working as a public-interest lawyer.
▪ We launched Divine with half a million pounds, 60 per cent of which was spent on working with the producers.
▪ I have now spent four years working in government to implement this conviction, which members of both parties share.
▪ We spend 6 weeks working with local churches doing outreach, and then have one final week of school.
▪ Research shows that people consistently overestimate the time they spend working and underestimate their leisure time.
▪ Mr Tomlinson says he spent two months solidly working from 5.30am in the morning until 10.30 in the evening, including weekends.
▪ In 1967, he began spending the off season working as an assistant to one of California Gov.
start
▪ He starts to draw, working his way over the sheets with a brush and ink.
▪ Nevertheless, after she started working as a nurse, she began studying in her off hours with a voice teacher.
▪ I therefore started working for the first time in my life.
▪ It must have been the first time he had managed that since he started working for Pierce &038; Pierce.
▪ But your first paragraph is also your opportunity to start actively working on those questions.
▪ I was doing everything just like we discussed, and it was starting to work.
▪ One had to start somewhere and work quickly to meet the growing social need.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
(come/work etc) under the umbrella of sth
▪ A whole range of behaviour is subsumed under the umbrella of bureaucratic self-interest.
▪ Finally, war served to bring all members of a society, soldier and civilian, under the umbrella of national consciousness.
▪ Governments also use the more industrially orientated labs under the umbrella of the Fraunhofer society.
(in) working order
▪ Controllers regained contact with the satellite after three anxious hours, and discovered that it appeared to be in full working order.
▪ Every lock in the house is in perfect working order.
▪ Hall of Power - a range of engines and heavy machinery, most of which are in working order and operated daily.
▪ Oxygen, suction and emergency equipment must be at hand and in working order. 2.
▪ The tenant need not pay rent until the business premises are put back in working order again.
▪ There had been some hints in the latter part of the nineteenth century that the machine was not in perfect working order.
▪ These older tankers require continuous maintenance to keep them in good, safe working order at sea.
▪ You did have to keep it clean and in good working order.
a nasty piece of work
▪ Cyril and Wyatt had gone around together with that other boy, that Donald, who was a nasty piece of work.
▪ You'd best steer clear of him, Manderley, he's a nasty piece of work.
a working knowledge of sth
▪ Andy has a good working knowledge of accounting practices.
▪ Ideally, you will have a degree in engineering or science with a working knowledge of heat transfer mechanisms.
▪ In this case, having a working knowledge of the types of microcomputer available will be important.
▪ Lambert was himself a skilled administrator, with a working knowledge of sanitary reform.
▪ Those who supervise clerical supervisors must have a working knowledge of word processing, communications, data processing, and recordkeeping.
be a (real) piece of work
be all in a day's work
be hard at it/work
▪ Ahead of her, Bite the Bullet's jockey was hard at work while the horse on his outside was clearly beaten.
▪ Cook was making fresh cornbread rolls for breakfast and lesser mortals were hard at it with brooms and mops.
▪ He was hard at work on the translation of a play which had to be ready two days later.
▪ Not much is said, as each young person, and Bill, is hard at work at the task at hand.
▪ Over the road, Sylvia Brackley and daughter, Karen are hard at work on this year's crop.
▪ Thacker had set him a spot of overtime and he was hard at it in the mill.
▪ Today, all eight of the Van Andel and DeVos offspring are hard at work making this company better.
▪ When she was hard at work and on top of things her productivity was exceptional.
be in (good) working/running order
▪ Hall of Power - a range of engines and heavy machinery, most of which are in working order and operated daily.
▪ The locomotive was in working order at the time and negotiations proceeded which resulted in transportation to Swanage as described above.
▪ To this day the milling machinery is in working order.
▪ Two isn't multiplicity and Castelfonte never was in running order, and now they were living in hotels.
be in work mode/holiday mode etc
be up to your ears in work/debt/problems etc
be working overtime
▪ Price's wit and sarcasm are working overtime in this production.
▪ He said engineers are working overtime to fix the problems.
▪ His brain was working overtime and he just stood there goggling.
▪ His brain was working overtime now.
▪ It looked as if his karma was working overtime.
▪ Meanwhile, aluminum manufacturers were working overtime to supply the armament industry.
▪ Soon after I left them, they were working overtime to fulfil a big order, when there was a breakdown.
▪ Their local maternity unit was working overtime.
▪ Then he announced gleefully that light bulb orders had jumped, suggesting that factories were working overtime.
close work
▪ Embroidery is very close work.
▪ A final recommendation of the consultants was a radical attempt to forge a closer working relationship between the board and staff members.
▪ Before I had been there a month my eyes began to suffer and I had to start wearing glasses for close work.
▪ He and Clinton have formed such a close working partnership that Kemp, as vice president, would like to emulate Gore.
▪ Microscopes can only be used for close work, telescopes for viewing objects from arm's length distance to infinity.
▪ One benefit, he said, is the closer working relationship between defense contractors and the Navy.
▪ Task lighting usually entails higher levels of illumination needed for reading and other close work.
collaborative effort/work/project etc
▪ But from the start, feature animation was a collaborative effort.
▪ Combined with virtual reality capabilities, the team can design its own ideal collaborative work space without the constraints of physical reality.
▪ One of the most powerful forms of learning to which I was exposed on my course was active collaborative work.
▪ Since their Nobel lectures describe one collaborative effort, I suggest that we listen to them without interruption.
▪ The activities would demand collaborative work, role allocation and sharing.
▪ The early deadline gave little time for meetings and collaborative effort, or a very considered response to the new timetabling arrangements.
▪ The project being proposed by the Commission would put up £450 million for collaborative work in computers and automation.
▪ When it came time for his second album, he decided to make it a collaborative effort.
collected works/poems/essays/edition
▪ Box sets collect music into greatest hits, anthologies, chronologies, complete collected works, best-of and worst-of packages.
▪ He took down a copy of Wordsworth's collected poems.
▪ His collected works, he said, probably fill four foot ten of shelf space.
▪ Its author Tom Holt began, if I remember right, by publishing his collected poems at the age of 12.
▪ Mr Zhivkov's 44-volume collected works has disappeared from Sofia's bookshops since he was removed.
▪ My collected works rendered the Horsehead Nebula, goofy space cruisers, robots, and Saturn.
▪ They were first printed by William Caxton in 1475; the collected works were first illustrated by William Thynne in 1532.
day-to-day work/business/life etc
▪ Also the day-to-day work of schools and the task of assessing pupils assumed a higher importance than the development of new curriculum.
▪ But since the arrival of Robins, he has taken a backseat role with day-to-day business being handled by the new chairman.
▪ Directors were given the exclusive right to manage the day-to-day business of the company.
▪ In our day-to-day lives, including day-to-day scientific lives, we have little need of such confirmed hypotheses.
▪ It also recognises that day-to-day business and executive authority is vested in line management.
▪ Justices, of course, are accustomed, as part of their day-to-day work, to assessing costs of comparatively small amounts.
▪ The problem arises because there is nothing in our day-to-day life to provide us with sufficient exercise.
▪ While with the Chargers for the past two years, McNeely oversaw the day-to-day business operations.
detective work
▪ It takes some detective work to trace the symptom back to its cause.
▪ Brilliant detective work with a little luck tossed in to catch the savvy killer.
▪ Drawn to the subject via a footnote, McKillop did some literary detective work to uncover Deeks's story.
▪ Finding the missing parts has been a lucky blending of good fortune and good detective work.
▪ In fact tying a pollution to its source can be a tricky piece of detective work.
▪ It takes a bit of detective work to trace the symptom back to the cause.
▪ Late one night, they ran into Ken Creese, one of two detectives working the case.
▪ Much slow and painstaking geological detective work is needed to make correlations such as these, but the results can be very valuable.
▪ So it would take more years of dogged detective work by a handful of investigators to connect the dots.
do sb's dirty work
▪ Tell Fran I'm not going to do her dirty work for her.
▪ Her unnecessary decision to do the dirtiest work in the place struck them as alarming.
do/work wonders
▪ A long weekend away from work will do wonders for your peace of mind.
▪ A very little bit of sugar works wonders for dishes that are based on sour tastes.
▪ And the visit of a white lady from afar will do wonders for his reputation!
▪ Failing that, lectures don't seem to work but subtle, unspoken signs can work wonders.
▪ It does wonders for the individual, and it brings families together.
▪ Special teaching and therapy, plenty of encouragement and stimulation can work wonders.
▪ This will work wonders in terms of future sales.
▪ Time also has worked wonders, pruning many of the bad investigative reporters and retaining many of the good ones.
flexible/short-time etc working
▪ An outside problem can sometimes be helped by, say, more flexible working hours and so be resolved at management level.
▪ Earnings might vary because of piece-work, overtime or short-time working.
▪ Flexible Hours Question: Has consideration been given to the introduction of flexible working hours?
▪ Meanwhile, solicitors were last week urged to consider flexible working for staff in line with the government's family friendly policies.
▪ Recruitment procedures focus on individual skills and potential for flexible working.
▪ Through grants to local authorities, we are financing schemes to introduce more flexible working practices - such as job sharing.
▪ Vauxhall bosses admit that the threat of short-time working at Ellesmere Port still remains a possibility.
▪ Wage freezes have been brought in across most of the company and some short-time working introduced.
gainful employment/work/activity
▪ Both surveys showed that for many people poverty was a way of life even when they were in gainful employment.
▪ How does he survive without gainful employment?
▪ In each decade of the twentieth century, fewer men over 65 have been entered in the censuses as in gainful employment.
▪ Indeed, it has even become fashionable for women to choose dependency by repudiating ambition and gainful employment once they have children.
▪ It occurred to him that it might be easier to find gainful employment in Cornwall.
▪ Some of us actually have gainful employment.
▪ The potential for a recession across most regions of the world will have ramifications for the prospects of expatriates in gainful employment.
▪ When in low spirits, seek gainful employment.
good works
investigative journalism/report/work
▪ Among them are hundreds of university journalism professors who routinely offer courses in investigative reporting at their schools.
▪ Categories are feature writing, investigative reporting, community service, commentary, photography, international reporting and pioneer.
▪ However, 11 different modes of assessment were noted, including mental, practical, calculator, project and investigative work.
▪ It's very easy to organise some investigative work by children on school meals provision.
▪ Perhaps I should take up this investigative journalism.
▪ Some 600 Boston University journalism students had braved a rainy Friday night in 1976 to hear a panel discussion on investigative reporting.
▪ The team felt it important to extend the evaluation to all investigative work.
▪ With ratings down, however, the show last fall refocused on investigative reporting and celebrity interviews and stopped paying for stories.
job of work
▪ From then on it was just a job of work to be done.
▪ He had an enjoyable job of work waiting for him, and asked for no more than that.
▪ In that sense, it is like any other job of work, or like being any parent.
▪ Then he would put his quill pens aside and consider an honest job of work.
▪ This is a two-man job of work since you need one to hold the ferret securely while the other ties the knots.
▪ You should treat it as a straight forward job of work and get on with it.
learned books/works etc
look/work a treat
▪ As usual, she looked a treat.
▪ Don't he look a treat!
▪ I bet it works a treat.
▪ I must say, Gwen, your garden looks a treat.
▪ I repeated a few times, and it worked a treat - on a window as well.
▪ It's another first-rate conversion that works a treat on the Game Gear.
▪ Much funnier than Tarzan or Hercules, this works a treat because the hero, Emperor Kuzco, is an anti-hero.
make hard work of sth
▪ She was making hard work of plucking the goose.
▪ You can make hard work of an easy job if you don't know the right way to go.
make light work of sth
▪ But she made light work of polishing off the shopping at a supermarket near her West London home.
▪ It makes light work of a complex process thanks to a series of easy-to-use wizards.
▪ Or making light work of the Mall in London.
▪ Willie Thorne made light work of the promising Nottinghamshire youngster, Anthony Hamilton, as he eased into the last 16.
make short work of (doing) sth
▪ Carmen would have made short work of Michael too.
▪ Fourth placed Guisborough made short work of the opposition at Saltburn.
▪ Guernsey made short work of the opposition when they won the event on home soil in 1990.
▪ He made short work of the remainder of his lunch, pushed his chair from the table, and stood up.
▪ It is fair to warn anglers that thousands of crabs soon make short work of rag and lugworm.
▪ It made short work of our Windows performance tests, WinTach, clocking up an impressive index of over 9.3.
▪ The second game we pull away early and make short work of it.
▪ These cannibalistic tadpoles make short work of one of their siblings.
nice work if you can get it
not do a stroke (of work)
put/throw a spanner in the works
race/work/battle against time
▪ But his parents are faced with a desperate race against time to raise the money necessary for his treatment.
▪ For the cartoonists, it's a daily battle against time, to create work that captures the imagination.
▪ However, with the contract negotiations starting, Lipton and others know that they are fighting a battle against time.
▪ It is a race against time.
▪ It looks as if my whole life is a race against time.
▪ Now it is a race against time to rebuild it before high spring ties later this month.
▪ The picture which became the cover shot, of the Rollright Stones, was a particular race against time.
▪ They face a race against time as fears grow over the health of the whales and the possibility of their becoming beached.
steady job/work/income
▪ A steady income stream is required to meet the costs of the syndicated lending department.
▪ And we receive a steady income from interest on Third World debts.
▪ He appears to have given up steady work.
▪ I wish he had taken up some steady work.
▪ Maybe you are heading toward retirement and therefore need investments that can provide you with a steady income.
▪ Sethe was laughing; he had a promise of steady work, 124 was cleared up from spirits.
▪ She chooses whatever is available, probably a slightly older man with no more money but a steady job.
▪ The only ones with a steady income were teachers, storekeepers and local officials.
take pride in your work/appearance etc
▪ And taking Pride in their work ... behind the scenes of a top drama.
▪ He takes pride in his appearance, setting a high standard to exemplify his healthy leadership style.
▪ I take pride in my work-particularly my work as a health educator.
▪ In fact, a set of beautifully manicured nails is a sign of a woman who takes pride in her appearance.
▪ Muriel took pride in their appearance and tried to forget Stephen's late night and Lily's missing days.
▪ The croft cottage was small, only two rooms, but she took pride in her work.
▪ You have to take pride in your work.
the devil makes/finds work for idle hands
voluntary work/service etc
▪ A larger number still provide a wide range of formal and informal voluntary services.
▪ A recent Gallup poll found that 98m adults are involved in voluntary service, a 23% increase in two years.
▪ An alternative to clubs and classes is voluntary work.
▪ But people without a job who have found fulfilling voluntary work or an absorbing hobby also score highly.
▪ Morley took up her evenings but daytime was given to voluntary work.
▪ Several had written books and articles and others were involved in voluntary work.
▪ Use the expertise and facilities of your local authorities and voluntary services for practical help, advice and social activities.
▪ We have a great tradition of voluntary services and charitable giving.
work experience
▪ Applicability Intensive school-to-work experiences, such as apprenticeships, are not for every student.
▪ At Level One the student will contribute to the planning and arrangement of work experience.
▪ Her work experience has been various, including that of Director of an environmental research institute.
▪ In 1984 the Institute published its first work experience guidelines for the training of students.
▪ It would emphasize learning in the context of work-not just work experience.
▪ Knowledge of management principles and practices, gained through work experience and formal education, is important.
▪ She also spent time shadowing health-care professionals and getting hands-on work experience.
▪ The view that they lack work experience is contradicted by a substantial body of evidence.
work like a Trojan
work like a charm
▪ Our new accounting system works like a charm.
▪ A slap on the hand or the behind works like a charm for one parent-child combination.
▪ But let me first applaud the coupling: it works like a charm.
▪ However, the schmaltzy parts, near the end, work like a charm.
▪ This time, the setup worked like a charm.
work like magic
▪ I first borrowed a bottle from work and it works like magic.
▪ The new layout and office furniture worked like magic.
work unsocial hours
work/drive/run yourself into the ground
▪ But don't drive yourself into the ground.
▪ I've already explained to you how I've worked myself into the ground setting up the interview.
▪ I tried working myself into the ground, but I could be totally exhausted and still remember.
▪ Mitchell and White ran themselves into the ground and Nicky Summerbee tried everything he could to get a goal.
▪ They ran themselves into the ground, ran Chesterfield off the pitch, but they couldn't get another goal.
work/effort etc involved in doing sth
▪ A further disadvantage is the work involved in returning the manure to the field.
▪ It is also often used to pay for the preliminary work involved in making applications for civil and criminal legal aid.
▪ She would like to know their reaction to the work involved in taking the course. 14.
▪ The chief drawback to small-scale silage-making is the extra physical work involved in handling the green crop with its high water content.
▪ The effort involved in constructing such circles was enormous.
▪ The work involved in writing this summation must have been back-breaking, and certainly took years of research.
▪ We have to do the more general piece of work involved in clearing one more bias from our morality.
work/munch/smoke etc your way through sth
▪ Environmentalists have warned that dioxins accumulate in fat and milk and will work their way through the food chain.
▪ He's probably smoking his way through your deposit.
▪ He had even tried starting at page 1 and working his way through to the end.
▪ He worked his way through a bag of sandwiches and four cans of Pepsi.
▪ He worked his way through college, performing menial tasks in exchange for reduced tuition.
▪ Tom, like most of the others, will need lots of reinforcement as he works his way through the change.
▪ We are attempting to work our way through all these questions.
▪ You could sense the passage of time working its way through the foundation.
work/perform miracles
▪ We're relying on Foster performing miracles out on the football field today.
▪ A hired hand who worked miracles and shared what little he had with those few who were less fortunate.
▪ And she has already been known, you tell me, to work miracles.
▪ Cloughie has performed miracles with limited resources at his disposal.
▪ Even if animosity worked miracles in bringing about good grades, would it be worth it?
▪ If he can work miracles in me, you have no problem.
▪ People actually believe he performs miracles.
▪ Whereas for me she works miracles.
▪ Why should anyone mind a person working miracles?
work/play etc your butt off
▪ He took a beating today but he played his butt off.
▪ I had to give the ball up, and then I had work my butt off to get it back.
▪ I work my butt off for you, while that restaurant is doing worse and worse.
▪ I worked my butt off in basketball and stayed on the varsity-in fact, did well.
▪ In short, I worked my butt off.
▪ Meanwhile, Inspiral Carpets went in at grass roots level and worked their butts off in the clubs.
▪ You could have worked your butt off helping a rep and you finally got the rep doing everything right.
work/run/go like stink
work/sweat your guts out
work/weave your magic
▪ Across the country, says Fitness magazine, enterprising and agile therapists are working their magic on patients while running alongside them.
▪ Biemiller referred the congressman to this doctor, who again worked his magic.
▪ But now the two men have changed places, and the boat has worked its magic.
▪ Charles was one such, and he invited her to Highgrove to work her magic.
▪ He said his name was Christmas and he had worked his magic act in theatres and royal palaces all over the world.
▪ Morley weaves its magic only by using a hedge fund to protect the assets of shareholders.
▪ Paris works its magic on me.
▪ Two others have medical problems that have to be corrected before he can work his magic.
working breakfast/lunch/dinner
▪ Gannon explained recently during a working lunch downtown.
▪ He has working lunches with his team to discuss and develop their approach to managing people for profit.
▪ The afternoon rehearsal started late because Meredith was at a working lunch in Rose's office.
▪ The real business gets done at working lunches and small dinner parties.
▪ You might then have a working dinner with a business speaker.
working clothes
▪ As he approached them, Mungo could see that they wore blue uniform trousers under their working clothes.
▪ But she had to turn up at Maggie's school in her working clothes.
▪ In fact I felt rather a lout in my working clothes among the elegant gathering.
▪ Jonadab was not to be hurried and methodically finished changing into his working clothes before putting in an appearance.
▪ Still clad in her tattered working clothes, her wellingtons pumped away assiduously to give the instrument the breath it required.
▪ They went from the workplace into the canteen, they sat and opened their lunchboxes in their working clothes.
▪ They woke on Sunday morning and people wre going to church ... they daren't be seen in their working clothes.
working conditions/environment etc
▪ Complete the following exercise on working conditions.
▪ For many people real wages fell and working conditions worsened.
▪ Her interest in socialism or Bryant & May working conditions was perfunctory.
▪ Protected by their enormous allowances and comfortable working conditions, they feel free to carry on behaving how they wish.
▪ The working environment is conducive to the achievement of excellence and the work is intellectually challenging.
▪ This made working conditions most unpleasant, the nets becoming wet and heavy to handle.
▪ Unhappy with the working environment, she decided to quit the job to pursue her interest in alternative therapy.
working day
▪ A massive 3,324, working days were lost because of depressive illnesses between and in Northern Ireland alone.
▪ Additional reports e.g. showing approved entries and responsible lexicographer, will be produced within one working day when required.
▪ As if to signal that the working day was about to begin, the telephone rang.
▪ In many areas the Hearing is held on the first working day after the removal of the child.
▪ Since the scheme was introduced, only motorists with special passes are allowed to use Ipswich Street during the working day.
▪ They proceed not to turn up on Monday, the next working day.
▪ This downward trend was so significant during this period that the average working day fell by around 1 hour.
working definition/theory/title
▪ A pragmatist judge will find room in his working theory of as if legal rights for some doctrine of precedent.
▪ A useful working definition has been provided by the Department of Trade and Industry in Britain.
▪ As a working theory this is impregnable, whether considered sceptically or superstitiously.
▪ Despite the difficulties, the teacher needs a rough working definition.
▪ Is that a reasonable working definition of Paradise?
▪ Like I say, it's just a working title.
▪ The Household of Faith was Brideshead's working title.
▪ We can, however, offer a very general working definition, which seems to feature in most discussions.
working hours/day/week
▪ Apparently, too, Rosie enjoyed herself after working hours.
▪ At the end of the working day most of us retreat to families and/or partners and play other parts.
▪ Items must be posted at post office counters in advance of latest recommended posting times for next working day delivery.
▪ Remember, your spouse may not be used to having you home during working hours.
▪ The whole operation was based on 50 journeys or rounds, one for each vehicle on every working day of the week.
▪ These, as we now know, involve everything from environmental considerations to limits on the working hours of employees.
▪ They had only three working days in which to prepare the defence against the new charge.
▪ They took long lunches and went to barbershops, beauty parlors, bathhouses, and tearooms during working hours.
working life
▪ Both procedures reflect current government policy concerns with increasing vocationalism and preparation for working life at the pre-16 stage.
▪ But all teachers are concerned about their own level of stress, and how to lead a satisfying working life.
▪ Deborah Manley trained as a social worker but has spent most of her working life in publishing.
▪ Objectives for Care outlines practical applications for nurses to use in their everyday working lives.
▪ The noise, the abuse, the grimness are everyday parts of their working life.
▪ They could anticipate earning a decent, middle-class wage there for most of their working lives.
▪ What do I want out of my working life?
▪ Your working life can go back as far as April 1936, but not further.
working majority
▪ However, a second election took place in September of that year, which gave him a pathetic working majority of four.
▪ None gave the Tories a hope of being elected with a working majority.
▪ Since then, Labour has never won a secure working majority at any election.
▪ The working majority achieved by the Conservatives removed that worry.
▪ The debate was acrimonious, with opposition parties denouncing Shamir's deals with defectors from other parties to win his working majority.
▪ Together the four parties had 191 seats, a working majority of 11.
▪ With the support of various independents, they gave the General a solid working majority.
▪ Without its support the coalition will not have a working majority in parliament.
working memory
▪ From that, you might be able to reconstitute the activity present during working memory.
▪ If this were the case there would be no need for a working memory.
▪ It is not clear whether this articulation makes use of the working memory system or is independent.
▪ Studies of working memory in animals may seem to be rather remote from the standard, acquired distinctiveness procedure.
▪ The speech left provides for an internal speech code which passes through a working memory system where it can be examined.
▪ The system is then being driven by working memory.
▪ Unless we attend to the words which have been placed into working memory, they will not be retained.
working model
▪ Behind him on a finely carved desk was a gleaming working model of the St Petersburg-Cannes Express constructed in pearls and amethysts.
▪ For 300 years or more our science has omitted any human attributes that may impinge upon or impede its mechanistic working model.
▪ My aim was always to build working models that I could control.
▪ Simulation techniques have been developed to allow scientists and planners to build working models of the systems which they are studying.
▪ The Base was a closed system, like a tiny working model of Earth itself, recycling all the chemicals of life.
▪ When I was about four years of age, he made a working model roundabout with galloping horses.
working parts
▪ He had, Edouard saw, a technical mind, and loved to see how working parts fitted together.
▪ It still retains all its working parts and would require only minimum repairs to put it into full working order.
▪ The working parts of a digital watch.
▪ The neo-biological approach is to assemble software from working parts, while continuously testing and correcting the software as it grows.
▪ They do not, at least by biological standards, have intricate working parts.
working practices/methods
▪ But it will coincide with political pressure for doctors to accept fundamental changes in their working practices.
▪ However, only 44% had changed their working practices.
▪ New working practices would be introduced once passenger services were privatised which would be more flexible.
▪ The accident happened because of a culture in which working practices were not checked, Whitehaven magistrates heard.
▪ The courses, examinations and working practices have been based on their perceptions.
▪ Their work allowed them to identify working methods and the characteristics of particular ateliers.
▪ Those familiar with the work and working methods of Frank Auerbach may find all this oddly familiar.
working relationship
▪ And yet the effective auditor needs to understand management and to have a close working relationship with the managers.
▪ Are working relationships defined and public?
▪ It is these processes which provide the principles for staff management and enhance the quality of working relationships within the organisation.
▪ Many observers expect Hutchison to endorse Dole because of her working relationship with the Senate majority leader.
▪ Relationship building with fellow-workers Your most important working relationship is with your immediate superior.
▪ The assessment panels have contributed to a better working relationship between guidance staff and other members of staff.
▪ This strategic transition required many people throughout the company to change specific skills, behaviors, and working relationships.
working stiff
▪ He was rising in the world, a celebrated hijacker, and Charlie was a working stiff with money problems.
▪ Instead of working stiffs, we get craftsmen.
▪ My dad was a poor working stiff.
▪ They're ordinary working stiffs, doing their job.
▪ This was my first residence as a working stiff.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ "I can't open the jar." "Try putting it in hot water. That sometimes works."
▪ an organization that is working to preserve California's redwood trees
▪ Are you prepared to work longer hours occasionally, to get the work done?
▪ Does anyone here know how to work this microwave?
▪ Does the old tape recorder still work?
▪ Does the TV work?
▪ Five mornings a week, she worked on campus.
▪ For nineteen years, my father worked for the General Electric Corporation.
▪ Four teachers agreed to work without pay until things were settled.
▪ Frank's been working here for 32 years.
▪ He's changed his job and is now working as a consultant for a German firm.
▪ He only works three days a week now.
▪ Her father was an artist who sometimes worked as a salesman and labourer.
▪ His illness eventually prevented him from working.
▪ I'd never worked in a lab before I came here.
▪ I've been working all day in the garden.
▪ I've tried several different diets, but none of them seem to work.
▪ I bought a bottle of stain remover, and it worked like magic.
▪ I have no idea how to work these new phones.
▪ I have to work on Saturday too.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Even where reform has been radical, it has not always worked.
▪ It is the people who work in the institutions who are most exposed to our dislike.
▪ MacArthur says that the husband alone should work outside the home.
▪ Not all cancer patients prefer to continue working while undergoing treatment.
▪ The research represents the second stage of cross-national collaborative studies undertaken by colleagues working in education in a number of countries.
▪ Voice over 16 officers are still working on the case full time.
II.noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
early
▪ Pitts discusses the early work, giving it much wider play than it receives in any of the previous books.
▪ While nowhere near as impressive or effective as their earlier work, this is certainly nothing to be ashamed of.
▪ Studies of early school-to-work initiatives found that absent changes in schools, students' grades and attendance did not improve.
▪ It was, however, the dominant theory driving some of the earlier experimental work on arousal and memory.
▪ Piaget s system for conceptualizing intellectual development was greatly influenced by his early training and work as a biologist.
▪ To criticise earlier work. 7.
▪ Various investigators, also referred to in our earlier work, have put such a myth to rest.
hard
▪ He especially thanked for years of hard work, and this was received with strong acclamation.
▪ At the University of Houston, they remember her capacity for hard work and her flaming red hair.
▪ It is quite clear that the hard work put into it by coach Gerry Murphy is beginning to pay off.
▪ Obviously, hard work is needed-any new business will require more work rather than less.
▪ The account produced after the events obscured the hard work, stress and frustration that made them happen.
▪ Since success is dependent upon hard work, the amount of effort given needs to be evaluated.
▪ I found it very hard work.
▪ The Olympian still projects an ideal of hard work, physical stamina, mental fortitude, competition for the sake of competition.
paid
▪ Here was work, paid work, weeks of it, and Ted was delighted to do it.
▪ Both men and women must also look for paid work and many have been forced to migrate into the cities.
▪ Having hit a bad patch, financially, I decided I must try for some paid work with my knitting machine.
▪ Is she to give up being a housewife, put the children in a day-care centre and take paid work?
▪ What we do not yet know is how women's changing opportunities for paid work have affected their relative risk of poverty.
▪ The addition of paid work to the housewife's activities does not mean she is no longer a housewife.
▪ This means that in aggregate man-hours of paid work still outnumbered woman-hours by about two to one.
▪ As a by-product, with the experience gained they are now in a strong position to enter paid advice work.
social
▪ But where could social workers obtain skills which would qualify them to teach social work?
▪ The best and the brightest women of the time were going into social work.
▪ This says much about the worthwhile underlying values of social work and provides grounds for hope.
▪ Many support activities utilized traditional social work skills and were indistinguishable from much social work practice.
▪ Through the incorporation of these two strands of thinking Lewis believes social group work can be re-nourished.
▪ But Hearn also has extensive social work experience, especially in the area of child care.
▪ Within social work the quest continued for the best way to organize a service that could be responsive to community need.
▪ Short-term social work methods: crisis intervention, task-centred and contractual approaches. 4.
■ NOUN
experience
▪ They are designed to give those not wishing to continue full-time education the chance to gain work experience, training and education.
▪ These go beyond his two decades of work experience.
▪ Her work experience has been various, including that of Director of an environmental research institute.
▪ She also spent time shadowing health-care professionals and getting hands-on work experience.
▪ Many TECs explain graphically that they have inadequate money and that employers are offering too few work experience places because of the recession.
▪ In general, work experience historically has been the least well developed component of career academies.
▪ Indeed, very few employers are willing to provide work experience instead of full employment.
▪ Applicability Intensive school-to-work experiences, such as apprenticeships, are not for every student.
force
▪ Up to this point the only political significance of racism had been that it provided a divided work force for employers.
▪ In the 19905, I believe that about half of the work force will use computer terminals each day.
▪ Even now, sugar employs one-seventh of the work force, putting tourism in the shade.
▪ Ideas are everything in a fragmented global marketplace, and great ideas demand a diverse work force.
▪ Foreign manufacturers have preferred to invest in states where the work force is more skilled and the infrastructure is better.
▪ The direct labor work force is up by 60 percent over 1985 levels.
▪ One of the most productive, competitively priced work forces in the nation.
▪ That manifested itself in a lack of motivation and commitment in the work force.
group
▪ But the conventional longwall work organisation fails to build these tacit skills into the work groups.
▪ He was ordered to keep increasingly detailed records about how much each living unit and each work group produced.
▪ In formal work groups, the structuring process is affected by the hierarchy of authority and the managerial behaviour of the boss.
▪ The work group can influence the decision made concerning work activities and their purposes.
▪ By this means, the work group was given autonomy, self-regulation, multi-skilled roles and a complete task to perform.
▪ These employees are paid based upon what they produce either individually or as members of small work groups.
▪ Extra pairs of hands for supervision of small work group?
▪ And most ominously, it often has the effect of crippling the performance of formerly productive work groups.
■ VERB
begin
▪ The main figure in the story is Konrad Lorenz, who began his work on animal behaviour in about 1930.
▪ Many others who have begun volunteer work for the first time say something similar.
▪ It is not surprising that a high proportion of patients burst into tears as soon as the physiotherapist begins work.
▪ They began their work against the Celtics at 7: 30.
▪ I began work on the big glass on 27 July 1967, wrote Harsnet.
▪ There was even a little time for Alvin to begin work on Ariadne for the Harkness, to be performed in Paris.
▪ The Office for Standards in Education will begin work early in the new year for next summer's exams.
▪ When I began work, I simply added psychotherapy to the medical treatment.
carry
▪ Consideration should be given to the background of prospective clients and their motives for requiring us to carry out the work.
▪ Since his death, his wife and children have carried on the work.
▪ Project staff will help you to apply for the available grants and carry out practical work.
▪ He carried out some work in the labyrinths beneath central Moscow and partly beneath the Kremlin.
▪ They prove how fast selection can carry out its baleful work as soon as it gets the chance.
▪ Mr Kennedy said there was no legal requirement on the council to carry out sound-proofing work or provide grants.
▪ Since his tragic death my daughter has carried on his good work.
▪ The Society are now seeking a skilled modeller to carry out this work and have undertaken to bear the costs involved.
complete
▪ The union chiefs were urging workers at the Tyne yard to fight to complete work on three frigates being built there.
▪ Later this year, she will complete work on her next album, to be released in March 1997.
▪ That completes the work for this month.
▪ In many cases, the artist wants the viewer to complete the work.
▪ The Trust aims to complete work on all 125 miles of designated paths over the next four years.
▪ There by himself in this ideal setting, he sat-not making a sound and never completing his work.
▪ I had to be carted off to hospital, so I didn't manage to complete the work until the new year.
do
▪ It is characteristic of Sinclair to attempt to do the critic's work for him.
▪ We thank you for the peace of this village and for your grace to do the work that lies ahead.
▪ By rights, it should be called Erica, after Eric the Red, who did the work five hundred years earlier.
▪ No enduring stars did their best work under any of his logos.
▪ Came here to do some freelance work.
▪ But it looks like he did his best work the day he fired for qualification.
▪ Now his teacher needed to use this relationship to help Dan do his work.
▪ Teams, not hierarchies, do the real work.
involve
▪ But there was no suggestion that Gray had been involved in anything improper and Jefferson continued to be involved in youth work.
▪ Here, some became involved in simple agricultural work.
▪ Boraston was so much involved in war work that his assistant.
▪ Even worse, only one in four wants to get more involved in pro bono work.
▪ The sappers who had been involved in the preparation work could then go forward to see the devastation caused by the explosives.
▪ Companies involved in public works naturally are sitting up and taking notice of Caltrans' announcement last week.
▪ Several had written books and articles and others were involved in voluntary work.
▪ All of this involves a lot of work, and not just for the children!
publish
▪ In 1877 he published his best-known work, How to Draw a Straight Line.
▪ The published works give one a chance to assess the audiences with whom the author attempts to share information.
▪ At this moment, groups of people are getting together to publish their own work.
▪ Although she has written two novels, the autobiography is her first published work.
▪ Alternative and supplementary schedules were published for conservation work and for community architecture services.
▪ More than half the employees of the publishing company do volunteer work through its Community Connection Program.
▪ Basic Books published serious works on politics, public policy and philosophy.
start
▪ If you start with the harder work, those rabbits that are not killed will move into the smaller systems.
▪ I started work at WaldChem, I took everything I could get.
▪ The delay in starting rescue work has had one welcome effect.
▪ Beginning public accountants usually start by assisting with work for several clients.
▪ Just like the other doctors, it has scrubbed up and donned a protective gown before starting work in Sacramento, California.
▪ Trial by fire Pam Drayson started her work as director of the library only three days ago.
▪ He was too depressed to start work on the grave again.
▪ He decided to try to see Chris while he was still free during the day before starting work.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
(come/work etc) under the umbrella of sth
▪ A whole range of behaviour is subsumed under the umbrella of bureaucratic self-interest.
▪ Finally, war served to bring all members of a society, soldier and civilian, under the umbrella of national consciousness.
▪ Governments also use the more industrially orientated labs under the umbrella of the Fraunhofer society.
(in) working order
▪ Controllers regained contact with the satellite after three anxious hours, and discovered that it appeared to be in full working order.
▪ Every lock in the house is in perfect working order.
▪ Hall of Power - a range of engines and heavy machinery, most of which are in working order and operated daily.
▪ Oxygen, suction and emergency equipment must be at hand and in working order. 2.
▪ The tenant need not pay rent until the business premises are put back in working order again.
▪ There had been some hints in the latter part of the nineteenth century that the machine was not in perfect working order.
▪ These older tankers require continuous maintenance to keep them in good, safe working order at sea.
▪ You did have to keep it clean and in good working order.
a nasty piece of work
▪ Cyril and Wyatt had gone around together with that other boy, that Donald, who was a nasty piece of work.
▪ You'd best steer clear of him, Manderley, he's a nasty piece of work.
a working knowledge of sth
▪ Andy has a good working knowledge of accounting practices.
▪ Ideally, you will have a degree in engineering or science with a working knowledge of heat transfer mechanisms.
▪ In this case, having a working knowledge of the types of microcomputer available will be important.
▪ Lambert was himself a skilled administrator, with a working knowledge of sanitary reform.
▪ Those who supervise clerical supervisors must have a working knowledge of word processing, communications, data processing, and recordkeeping.
be a (real) piece of work
be all in a day's work
be hard at it/work
▪ Ahead of her, Bite the Bullet's jockey was hard at work while the horse on his outside was clearly beaten.
▪ Cook was making fresh cornbread rolls for breakfast and lesser mortals were hard at it with brooms and mops.
▪ He was hard at work on the translation of a play which had to be ready two days later.
▪ Not much is said, as each young person, and Bill, is hard at work at the task at hand.
▪ Over the road, Sylvia Brackley and daughter, Karen are hard at work on this year's crop.
▪ Thacker had set him a spot of overtime and he was hard at it in the mill.
▪ Today, all eight of the Van Andel and DeVos offspring are hard at work making this company better.
▪ When she was hard at work and on top of things her productivity was exceptional.
be in work mode/holiday mode etc
be up to your ears in work/debt/problems etc
bury yourself in your work/studies etc
close work
▪ Embroidery is very close work.
▪ A final recommendation of the consultants was a radical attempt to forge a closer working relationship between the board and staff members.
▪ Before I had been there a month my eyes began to suffer and I had to start wearing glasses for close work.
▪ He and Clinton have formed such a close working partnership that Kemp, as vice president, would like to emulate Gore.
▪ Microscopes can only be used for close work, telescopes for viewing objects from arm's length distance to infinity.
▪ One benefit, he said, is the closer working relationship between defense contractors and the Navy.
▪ Task lighting usually entails higher levels of illumination needed for reading and other close work.
collaborative effort/work/project etc
▪ But from the start, feature animation was a collaborative effort.
▪ Combined with virtual reality capabilities, the team can design its own ideal collaborative work space without the constraints of physical reality.
▪ One of the most powerful forms of learning to which I was exposed on my course was active collaborative work.
▪ Since their Nobel lectures describe one collaborative effort, I suggest that we listen to them without interruption.
▪ The activities would demand collaborative work, role allocation and sharing.
▪ The early deadline gave little time for meetings and collaborative effort, or a very considered response to the new timetabling arrangements.
▪ The project being proposed by the Commission would put up £450 million for collaborative work in computers and automation.
▪ When it came time for his second album, he decided to make it a collaborative effort.
collected works/poems/essays/edition
▪ Box sets collect music into greatest hits, anthologies, chronologies, complete collected works, best-of and worst-of packages.
▪ He took down a copy of Wordsworth's collected poems.
▪ His collected works, he said, probably fill four foot ten of shelf space.
▪ Its author Tom Holt began, if I remember right, by publishing his collected poems at the age of 12.
▪ Mr Zhivkov's 44-volume collected works has disappeared from Sofia's bookshops since he was removed.
▪ My collected works rendered the Horsehead Nebula, goofy space cruisers, robots, and Saturn.
▪ They were first printed by William Caxton in 1475; the collected works were first illustrated by William Thynne in 1532.
day-to-day work/business/life etc
▪ Also the day-to-day work of schools and the task of assessing pupils assumed a higher importance than the development of new curriculum.
▪ But since the arrival of Robins, he has taken a backseat role with day-to-day business being handled by the new chairman.
▪ Directors were given the exclusive right to manage the day-to-day business of the company.
▪ In our day-to-day lives, including day-to-day scientific lives, we have little need of such confirmed hypotheses.
▪ It also recognises that day-to-day business and executive authority is vested in line management.
▪ Justices, of course, are accustomed, as part of their day-to-day work, to assessing costs of comparatively small amounts.
▪ The problem arises because there is nothing in our day-to-day life to provide us with sufficient exercise.
▪ While with the Chargers for the past two years, McNeely oversaw the day-to-day business operations.
detective work
▪ It takes some detective work to trace the symptom back to its cause.
▪ Brilliant detective work with a little luck tossed in to catch the savvy killer.
▪ Drawn to the subject via a footnote, McKillop did some literary detective work to uncover Deeks's story.
▪ Finding the missing parts has been a lucky blending of good fortune and good detective work.
▪ In fact tying a pollution to its source can be a tricky piece of detective work.
▪ It takes a bit of detective work to trace the symptom back to the cause.
▪ Late one night, they ran into Ken Creese, one of two detectives working the case.
▪ Much slow and painstaking geological detective work is needed to make correlations such as these, but the results can be very valuable.
▪ So it would take more years of dogged detective work by a handful of investigators to connect the dots.
do sb's dirty work
▪ Tell Fran I'm not going to do her dirty work for her.
▪ Her unnecessary decision to do the dirtiest work in the place struck them as alarming.
do/work wonders
▪ A long weekend away from work will do wonders for your peace of mind.
▪ A very little bit of sugar works wonders for dishes that are based on sour tastes.
▪ And the visit of a white lady from afar will do wonders for his reputation!
▪ Failing that, lectures don't seem to work but subtle, unspoken signs can work wonders.
▪ It does wonders for the individual, and it brings families together.
▪ Special teaching and therapy, plenty of encouragement and stimulation can work wonders.
▪ This will work wonders in terms of future sales.
▪ Time also has worked wonders, pruning many of the bad investigative reporters and retaining many of the good ones.
gainful employment/work/activity
▪ Both surveys showed that for many people poverty was a way of life even when they were in gainful employment.
▪ How does he survive without gainful employment?
▪ In each decade of the twentieth century, fewer men over 65 have been entered in the censuses as in gainful employment.
▪ Indeed, it has even become fashionable for women to choose dependency by repudiating ambition and gainful employment once they have children.
▪ It occurred to him that it might be easier to find gainful employment in Cornwall.
▪ Some of us actually have gainful employment.
▪ The potential for a recession across most regions of the world will have ramifications for the prospects of expatriates in gainful employment.
▪ When in low spirits, seek gainful employment.
go to school/church/work etc
▪ And I was going to school.
▪ Dad, I want to go to school.
▪ Everyone says the space program is great, he goes to work on the space program.
▪ His Mum went to work this afternoon.
▪ I was too upset to go to school.
▪ Keith makes himself go to work.
▪ Phillips should have lost his eligibility for the year while continuing to just go to school.
▪ When he was told he must go to school, he said he would not.
good works
investigative journalism/report/work
▪ Among them are hundreds of university journalism professors who routinely offer courses in investigative reporting at their schools.
▪ Categories are feature writing, investigative reporting, community service, commentary, photography, international reporting and pioneer.
▪ However, 11 different modes of assessment were noted, including mental, practical, calculator, project and investigative work.
▪ It's very easy to organise some investigative work by children on school meals provision.
▪ Perhaps I should take up this investigative journalism.
▪ Some 600 Boston University journalism students had braved a rainy Friday night in 1976 to hear a panel discussion on investigative reporting.
▪ The team felt it important to extend the evaluation to all investigative work.
▪ With ratings down, however, the show last fall refocused on investigative reporting and celebrity interviews and stopped paying for stories.
job of work
▪ From then on it was just a job of work to be done.
▪ He had an enjoyable job of work waiting for him, and asked for no more than that.
▪ In that sense, it is like any other job of work, or like being any parent.
▪ Then he would put his quill pens aside and consider an honest job of work.
▪ This is a two-man job of work since you need one to hold the ferret securely while the other ties the knots.
▪ You should treat it as a straight forward job of work and get on with it.
learned books/works etc
make hard work of sth
▪ She was making hard work of plucking the goose.
▪ You can make hard work of an easy job if you don't know the right way to go.
make light work of sth
▪ But she made light work of polishing off the shopping at a supermarket near her West London home.
▪ It makes light work of a complex process thanks to a series of easy-to-use wizards.
▪ Or making light work of the Mall in London.
▪ Willie Thorne made light work of the promising Nottinghamshire youngster, Anthony Hamilton, as he eased into the last 16.
make short work of (doing) sth
▪ Carmen would have made short work of Michael too.
▪ Fourth placed Guisborough made short work of the opposition at Saltburn.
▪ Guernsey made short work of the opposition when they won the event on home soil in 1990.
▪ He made short work of the remainder of his lunch, pushed his chair from the table, and stood up.
▪ It is fair to warn anglers that thousands of crabs soon make short work of rag and lugworm.
▪ It made short work of our Windows performance tests, WinTach, clocking up an impressive index of over 9.3.
▪ The second game we pull away early and make short work of it.
▪ These cannibalistic tadpoles make short work of one of their siblings.
nice work if you can get it
not do a stroke (of work)
put/throw a spanner in the works
race/work/battle against time
▪ But his parents are faced with a desperate race against time to raise the money necessary for his treatment.
▪ For the cartoonists, it's a daily battle against time, to create work that captures the imagination.
▪ However, with the contract negotiations starting, Lipton and others know that they are fighting a battle against time.
▪ It is a race against time.
▪ It looks as if my whole life is a race against time.
▪ Now it is a race against time to rebuild it before high spring ties later this month.
▪ The picture which became the cover shot, of the Rollright Stones, was a particular race against time.
▪ They face a race against time as fears grow over the health of the whales and the possibility of their becoming beached.
steady job/work/income
▪ A steady income stream is required to meet the costs of the syndicated lending department.
▪ And we receive a steady income from interest on Third World debts.
▪ He appears to have given up steady work.
▪ I wish he had taken up some steady work.
▪ Maybe you are heading toward retirement and therefore need investments that can provide you with a steady income.
▪ Sethe was laughing; he had a promise of steady work, 124 was cleared up from spirits.
▪ She chooses whatever is available, probably a slightly older man with no more money but a steady job.
▪ The only ones with a steady income were teachers, storekeepers and local officials.
take pride in your work/appearance etc
▪ And taking Pride in their work ... behind the scenes of a top drama.
▪ He takes pride in his appearance, setting a high standard to exemplify his healthy leadership style.
▪ I take pride in my work-particularly my work as a health educator.
▪ In fact, a set of beautifully manicured nails is a sign of a woman who takes pride in her appearance.
▪ Muriel took pride in their appearance and tried to forget Stephen's late night and Lily's missing days.
▪ The croft cottage was small, only two rooms, but she took pride in her work.
▪ You have to take pride in your work.
the devil makes/finds work for idle hands
throw sb out of work/office etc
▪ Elections are invaluable, however, for providing the people with a peaceful way of throwing politicians out of office.
▪ Naturally, stock market crashes and recessions end up tossing businesses into bankruptcy court and throwing people out of work.
▪ Well, O. K. But throw him out of office in a rank-and-file election?
voluntary work/service etc
▪ A larger number still provide a wide range of formal and informal voluntary services.
▪ A recent Gallup poll found that 98m adults are involved in voluntary service, a 23% increase in two years.
▪ An alternative to clubs and classes is voluntary work.
▪ But people without a job who have found fulfilling voluntary work or an absorbing hobby also score highly.
▪ Morley took up her evenings but daytime was given to voluntary work.
▪ Several had written books and articles and others were involved in voluntary work.
▪ Use the expertise and facilities of your local authorities and voluntary services for practical help, advice and social activities.
▪ We have a great tradition of voluntary services and charitable giving.
work experience
▪ Applicability Intensive school-to-work experiences, such as apprenticeships, are not for every student.
▪ At Level One the student will contribute to the planning and arrangement of work experience.
▪ Her work experience has been various, including that of Director of an environmental research institute.
▪ In 1984 the Institute published its first work experience guidelines for the training of students.
▪ It would emphasize learning in the context of work-not just work experience.
▪ Knowledge of management principles and practices, gained through work experience and formal education, is important.
▪ She also spent time shadowing health-care professionals and getting hands-on work experience.
▪ The view that they lack work experience is contradicted by a substantial body of evidence.
work like a Trojan
work like a charm
▪ Our new accounting system works like a charm.
▪ A slap on the hand or the behind works like a charm for one parent-child combination.
▪ But let me first applaud the coupling: it works like a charm.
▪ However, the schmaltzy parts, near the end, work like a charm.
▪ This time, the setup worked like a charm.
work like magic
▪ I first borrowed a bottle from work and it works like magic.
▪ The new layout and office furniture worked like magic.
work unsocial hours
work/drive/run yourself into the ground
▪ But don't drive yourself into the ground.
▪ I've already explained to you how I've worked myself into the ground setting up the interview.
▪ I tried working myself into the ground, but I could be totally exhausted and still remember.
▪ Mitchell and White ran themselves into the ground and Nicky Summerbee tried everything he could to get a goal.
▪ They ran themselves into the ground, ran Chesterfield off the pitch, but they couldn't get another goal.
work/effort etc involved in doing sth
▪ A further disadvantage is the work involved in returning the manure to the field.
▪ It is also often used to pay for the preliminary work involved in making applications for civil and criminal legal aid.
▪ She would like to know their reaction to the work involved in taking the course. 14.
▪ The chief drawback to small-scale silage-making is the extra physical work involved in handling the green crop with its high water content.
▪ The effort involved in constructing such circles was enormous.
▪ The work involved in writing this summation must have been back-breaking, and certainly took years of research.
▪ We have to do the more general piece of work involved in clearing one more bias from our morality.
work/munch/smoke etc your way through sth
▪ Environmentalists have warned that dioxins accumulate in fat and milk and will work their way through the food chain.
▪ He's probably smoking his way through your deposit.
▪ He had even tried starting at page 1 and working his way through to the end.
▪ He worked his way through a bag of sandwiches and four cans of Pepsi.
▪ He worked his way through college, performing menial tasks in exchange for reduced tuition.
▪ Tom, like most of the others, will need lots of reinforcement as he works his way through the change.
▪ We are attempting to work our way through all these questions.
▪ You could sense the passage of time working its way through the foundation.
work/perform miracles
▪ We're relying on Foster performing miracles out on the football field today.
▪ A hired hand who worked miracles and shared what little he had with those few who were less fortunate.
▪ And she has already been known, you tell me, to work miracles.
▪ Cloughie has performed miracles with limited resources at his disposal.
▪ Even if animosity worked miracles in bringing about good grades, would it be worth it?
▪ If he can work miracles in me, you have no problem.
▪ People actually believe he performs miracles.
▪ Whereas for me she works miracles.
▪ Why should anyone mind a person working miracles?
work/play etc your butt off
▪ He took a beating today but he played his butt off.
▪ I had to give the ball up, and then I had work my butt off to get it back.
▪ I work my butt off for you, while that restaurant is doing worse and worse.
▪ I worked my butt off in basketball and stayed on the varsity-in fact, did well.
▪ In short, I worked my butt off.
▪ Meanwhile, Inspiral Carpets went in at grass roots level and worked their butts off in the clubs.
▪ You could have worked your butt off helping a rep and you finally got the rep doing everything right.
work/run/go like stink
work/sweat your guts out
work/weave your magic
▪ Across the country, says Fitness magazine, enterprising and agile therapists are working their magic on patients while running alongside them.
▪ Biemiller referred the congressman to this doctor, who again worked his magic.
▪ But now the two men have changed places, and the boat has worked its magic.
▪ Charles was one such, and he invited her to Highgrove to work her magic.
▪ He said his name was Christmas and he had worked his magic act in theatres and royal palaces all over the world.
▪ Morley weaves its magic only by using a hedge fund to protect the assets of shareholders.
▪ Paris works its magic on me.
▪ Two others have medical problems that have to be corrected before he can work his magic.
working breakfast/lunch/dinner
▪ Gannon explained recently during a working lunch downtown.
▪ He has working lunches with his team to discuss and develop their approach to managing people for profit.
▪ The afternoon rehearsal started late because Meredith was at a working lunch in Rose's office.
▪ The real business gets done at working lunches and small dinner parties.
▪ You might then have a working dinner with a business speaker.
working clothes
▪ As he approached them, Mungo could see that they wore blue uniform trousers under their working clothes.
▪ But she had to turn up at Maggie's school in her working clothes.
▪ In fact I felt rather a lout in my working clothes among the elegant gathering.
▪ Jonadab was not to be hurried and methodically finished changing into his working clothes before putting in an appearance.
▪ Still clad in her tattered working clothes, her wellingtons pumped away assiduously to give the instrument the breath it required.
▪ They went from the workplace into the canteen, they sat and opened their lunchboxes in their working clothes.
▪ They woke on Sunday morning and people wre going to church ... they daren't be seen in their working clothes.
working conditions/environment etc
▪ Complete the following exercise on working conditions.
▪ For many people real wages fell and working conditions worsened.
▪ Her interest in socialism or Bryant & May working conditions was perfunctory.
▪ Protected by their enormous allowances and comfortable working conditions, they feel free to carry on behaving how they wish.
▪ The working environment is conducive to the achievement of excellence and the work is intellectually challenging.
▪ This made working conditions most unpleasant, the nets becoming wet and heavy to handle.
▪ Unhappy with the working environment, she decided to quit the job to pursue her interest in alternative therapy.
working day
▪ A massive 3,324, working days were lost because of depressive illnesses between and in Northern Ireland alone.
▪ Additional reports e.g. showing approved entries and responsible lexicographer, will be produced within one working day when required.
▪ As if to signal that the working day was about to begin, the telephone rang.
▪ In many areas the Hearing is held on the first working day after the removal of the child.
▪ Since the scheme was introduced, only motorists with special passes are allowed to use Ipswich Street during the working day.
▪ They proceed not to turn up on Monday, the next working day.
▪ This downward trend was so significant during this period that the average working day fell by around 1 hour.
working definition/theory/title
▪ A pragmatist judge will find room in his working theory of as if legal rights for some doctrine of precedent.
▪ A useful working definition has been provided by the Department of Trade and Industry in Britain.
▪ As a working theory this is impregnable, whether considered sceptically or superstitiously.
▪ Despite the difficulties, the teacher needs a rough working definition.
▪ Is that a reasonable working definition of Paradise?
▪ Like I say, it's just a working title.
▪ The Household of Faith was Brideshead's working title.
▪ We can, however, offer a very general working definition, which seems to feature in most discussions.
working hours/day/week
▪ Apparently, too, Rosie enjoyed herself after working hours.
▪ At the end of the working day most of us retreat to families and/or partners and play other parts.
▪ Items must be posted at post office counters in advance of latest recommended posting times for next working day delivery.
▪ Remember, your spouse may not be used to having you home during working hours.
▪ The whole operation was based on 50 journeys or rounds, one for each vehicle on every working day of the week.
▪ These, as we now know, involve everything from environmental considerations to limits on the working hours of employees.
▪ They had only three working days in which to prepare the defence against the new charge.
▪ They took long lunches and went to barbershops, beauty parlors, bathhouses, and tearooms during working hours.
working life
▪ Both procedures reflect current government policy concerns with increasing vocationalism and preparation for working life at the pre-16 stage.
▪ But all teachers are concerned about their own level of stress, and how to lead a satisfying working life.
▪ Deborah Manley trained as a social worker but has spent most of her working life in publishing.
▪ Objectives for Care outlines practical applications for nurses to use in their everyday working lives.
▪ The noise, the abuse, the grimness are everyday parts of their working life.
▪ They could anticipate earning a decent, middle-class wage there for most of their working lives.
▪ What do I want out of my working life?
▪ Your working life can go back as far as April 1936, but not further.
working majority
▪ However, a second election took place in September of that year, which gave him a pathetic working majority of four.
▪ None gave the Tories a hope of being elected with a working majority.
▪ Since then, Labour has never won a secure working majority at any election.
▪ The working majority achieved by the Conservatives removed that worry.
▪ The debate was acrimonious, with opposition parties denouncing Shamir's deals with defectors from other parties to win his working majority.
▪ Together the four parties had 191 seats, a working majority of 11.
▪ With the support of various independents, they gave the General a solid working majority.
▪ Without its support the coalition will not have a working majority in parliament.
working memory
▪ From that, you might be able to reconstitute the activity present during working memory.
▪ If this were the case there would be no need for a working memory.
▪ It is not clear whether this articulation makes use of the working memory system or is independent.
▪ Studies of working memory in animals may seem to be rather remote from the standard, acquired distinctiveness procedure.
▪ The speech left provides for an internal speech code which passes through a working memory system where it can be examined.
▪ The system is then being driven by working memory.
▪ Unless we attend to the words which have been placed into working memory, they will not be retained.
working model
▪ Behind him on a finely carved desk was a gleaming working model of the St Petersburg-Cannes Express constructed in pearls and amethysts.
▪ For 300 years or more our science has omitted any human attributes that may impinge upon or impede its mechanistic working model.
▪ My aim was always to build working models that I could control.
▪ Simulation techniques have been developed to allow scientists and planners to build working models of the systems which they are studying.
▪ The Base was a closed system, like a tiny working model of Earth itself, recycling all the chemicals of life.
▪ When I was about four years of age, he made a working model roundabout with galloping horses.
working parts
▪ He had, Edouard saw, a technical mind, and loved to see how working parts fitted together.
▪ It still retains all its working parts and would require only minimum repairs to put it into full working order.
▪ The working parts of a digital watch.
▪ The neo-biological approach is to assemble software from working parts, while continuously testing and correcting the software as it grows.
▪ They do not, at least by biological standards, have intricate working parts.
working practices/methods
▪ But it will coincide with political pressure for doctors to accept fundamental changes in their working practices.
▪ However, only 44% had changed their working practices.
▪ New working practices would be introduced once passenger services were privatised which would be more flexible.
▪ The accident happened because of a culture in which working practices were not checked, Whitehaven magistrates heard.
▪ The courses, examinations and working practices have been based on their perceptions.
▪ Their work allowed them to identify working methods and the characteristics of particular ateliers.
▪ Those familiar with the work and working methods of Frank Auerbach may find all this oddly familiar.
working relationship
▪ And yet the effective auditor needs to understand management and to have a close working relationship with the managers.
▪ Are working relationships defined and public?
▪ It is these processes which provide the principles for staff management and enhance the quality of working relationships within the organisation.
▪ Many observers expect Hutchison to endorse Dole because of her working relationship with the Senate majority leader.
▪ Relationship building with fellow-workers Your most important working relationship is with your immediate superior.
▪ The assessment panels have contributed to a better working relationship between guidance staff and other members of staff.
▪ This strategic transition required many people throughout the company to change specific skills, behaviors, and working relationships.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ 'Where's Dave?' 'He's outside, doing some work on the car, I think.'
▪ A considerable amount of work was necessary to establish even this basic framework.
▪ A major new work by one of Poland's leading film directors will be shown next Saturday.
▪ Alexander commutes 30 miles to work each day.
▪ Are you still involved in charity work?
▪ Being in the police isn't all action. Administration is a large part of the work we do.
▪ Could I ride with you to work tomorrow?
▪ David tries to avoid work at all times.
▪ Finally, I would like to thank all the staff for their hard work this year.
▪ Handel's "Messiah" is one of the most majestic musical works ever written.
▪ Have you ever done bar work before?
▪ He's doing construction work these days.
▪ He eventually found work as a labourer on a construction site.
▪ He liked the work, and he was good at it too.
▪ Her later works reflected her growing depression.
▪ Her mother tried to call her at home and then at work.
▪ His injuries have made it impossible for him to go back to work.
▪ His last few speeches had been awful, and he knew he had to put more work into them.
▪ How do you like your work?
▪ I'm not doing any more work on the house this year, I can't be bothered.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ A quick change can be effected by using this additional experience to point to another type of work.
▪ An opportunity was afforded when the council supported El Universal in its uncomplimentary evaluation of the work of the early independence leaders.
▪ For this reason, parents are always welcome to see their children at work in our school.
▪ Rawls's work reaches somewhat different conclusions concerning justice and equality to that of Hayek.
▪ She is surrounded by books and papers; her desk piled high with correspondence relating to her work.
▪ Who says museum work doesn't pay?
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Work

Work \Work\ (w[^u]rk), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Worked (w[^u]rkt), or Wrought (r[add]t); p. pr. & vb. n. Working.] [AS. wyrcean (imp. worthe, wrohte, p. p. geworht, gewroht); akin to OFries. werka, wirka, OS. wirkian, D. werken, G. wirken, Icel. verka, yrkja, orka, Goth. wa['u]rkjan. [root]145. See Work, n.]

  1. To exert one's self for a purpose; to put forth effort for the attainment of an object; to labor; to be engaged in the performance of a task, a duty, or the like.

    O thou good Kent, how shall I live and work, To match thy goodness?
    --Shak.

    Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you.
    --Ex. v. 18.

    Whether we work or play, or sleep or wake, Our life doth pass.
    --Sir J. Davies.

  2. Hence, in a general sense, to operate; to act; to perform; as, a machine works well.

    We bend to that the working of the heart.
    --Shak.

  3. Hence, figuratively, to be effective; to have effect or influence; to conduce.

    We know that all things work together for good to them that love God.
    --Rom. viii. 28.

    This so wrought upon the child, that afterwards he desired to be taught.
    --Locke.

    She marveled how she could ever have been wrought upon to marry him.
    --Hawthorne.

  4. To carry on business; to be engaged or employed customarily; to perform the part of a laborer; to labor; to toil.

    They that work in fine flax . . . shall be confounded.
    --Isa. xix. 9.

  5. To be in a state of severe exertion, or as if in such a state; to be tossed or agitated; to move heavily; to strain; to labor; as, a ship works in a heavy sea.

    Confused with working sands and rolling waves.
    --Addison.

  6. To make one's way slowly and with difficulty; to move or penetrate laboriously; to proceed with effort; -- with a following preposition, as down, out, into, up, through, and the like; as, scheme works out by degrees; to work into the earth.

    Till body up to spirit work, in bounds Proportioned to each kind.
    --Milton.

  7. To ferment, as a liquid.

    The working of beer when the barm is put in.
    --Bacon.

  8. To act or operate on the stomach and bowels, as a cathartic.

    Purges . . . work best, that is, cause the blood so to do, . . . in warm weather or in a warm room.
    --Grew.

    To work at, to be engaged in or upon; to be employed in.

    To work to windward (Naut.), to sail or ply against the wind; to tack to windward.
    --Mar. Dict.

Work

Work \Work\ (w[^u]rk), v. t.

  1. To labor or operate upon; to give exertion and effort to; to prepare for use, or to utilize, by labor.

    He could have told them of two or three gold mines, and a silver mine, and given the reason why they forbare to work them at that time.
    --Sir W. Raleigh.

  2. To produce or form by labor; to bring forth by exertion or toil; to accomplish; to originate; to effect; as, to work wood or iron into a form desired, or into a utensil; to work cotton or wool into cloth.

    Each herb he knew, that works or good or ill.
    --Harte.

  3. To produce by slow degrees, or as if laboriously; to bring gradually into any state by action or motion. ``Sidelong he works his way.''
    --Milton.

    So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains Of rushing torrents and descending rains, Works itself clear, and as it runs, refines, Till by degrees the floating mirror shines.
    --Addison.

  4. To influence by acting upon; to prevail upon; to manage; to lead. ``Work your royal father to his ruin.''
    --Philips.

  5. To form with a needle and thread or yarn; especially, to embroider; as, to work muslin.

  6. To set in motion or action; to direct the action of; to keep at work; to govern; to manage; as, to work a machine.

    Knowledge in building and working ships.
    --Arbuthnot.

    Now, Marcus, thy virtue's the proof; Put forth thy utmost strength, work every nerve.
    --Addison.

    The mariners all 'gan work the ropes, Where they were wont to do.
    --Coleridge.

  7. To cause to ferment, as liquor. To work a passage (Naut.), to pay for a passage by doing work. To work double tides (Naut.), to perform the labor of three days in two; -- a phrase which alludes to a practice of working by the night tide as well as by the day. To work in, to insert, introduce, mingle, or interweave by labor or skill. To work into, to force, urge, or insinuate into; as, to work one's self into favor or confidence. To work off, to remove gradually, as by labor, or a gradual process; as, beer works off impurities in fermenting. To work out.

    1. To effect by labor and exertion. ``Work out your own salvation with fear and trembling.''
      --Phil. ii. 12.

    2. To erase; to efface. [R.]

      Tears of joy for your returning spilt, Work out and expiate our former guilt.
      --Dryden.

    3. To solve, as a problem.

    4. To exhaust, as a mine, by working. To work up.

      1. To raise; to excite; to stir up; as, to work up the passions to rage.

        The sun, that rolls his chariot o'er their heads, Works up more fire and color in their cheeks.
        --Addison.

      2. To expend in any work, as materials; as, they have worked up all the stock.

      3. (Naut.) To make over or into something else, as yarns drawn from old rigging, made into spun yarn, foxes, sennit, and the like; also, to keep constantly at work upon needless matters, as a crew in order to punish them.
        --R. H. Dana, Jr.

Work

Work \Work\ (w[^u]rk), n. [OE. work, werk, weorc, AS. weorc, worc; akin to OFries. werk, wirk, OS., D., & G. werk, OHG. werc, werah, Icel. & Sw. verk, Dan. v[ae]rk, Goth. gawa['u]rki, Gr. 'e`rgon, [digamma]e`rgon, work, "re`zein to do, 'o`rganon an instrument, 'o`rgia secret rites, Zend verez to work. [root]145. Cf. Bulwark, Energy, Erg, Georgic, Liturgy, Metallurgy, Organ, Orgy, Surgeon, Wright.]

  1. Exertion of strength or faculties; physical or intellectual effort directed to an end; industrial activity; toil; employment; sometimes, specifically, physical labor.

    Man hath his daily work of body or mind Appointed.
    --Milton.

  2. The matter on which one is at work; that upon which one spends labor; material for working upon; subject of exertion; the thing occupying one; business; duty; as, to take up one's work; to drop one's work.

    Come on, Nerissa; I have work in hand That you yet know not of.
    --Shak.

    In every work that he began . . . he did it with all his heart, and prospered.
    --2 Chron. xxxi. 21.

  3. That which is produced as the result of labor; anything accomplished by exertion or toil; product; performance; fabric; manufacture; in a more general sense, act, deed, service, effect, result, achievement, feat.

    To leave no rubs or blotches in the work.
    --Shak.

    The work some praise, And some the architect.
    --Milton.

    Fancy . . . Wild work produces oft, and most in dreams.
    --Milton.

    The composition or dissolution of mixed bodies . . . is the chief work of elements.
    --Sir K. Digby.

  4. Specifically:

    1. That which is produced by mental labor; a composition; a book; as, a work, or the works, of Addison.

    2. Flowers, figures, or the like, wrought with the needle; embroidery.

      I am glad I have found this napkin; . . . I'll have the work ta'en out, And give 't Iago.
      --Shak.

    3. pl. Structures in civil, military, or naval engineering, as docks, bridges, embankments, trenches, fortifications, and the like; also, the structures and grounds of a manufacturing establishment; as, iron works; locomotive works; gas works.

    4. pl. The moving parts of a mechanism; as, the works of a watch.

  5. Manner of working; management; treatment; as, unskillful work spoiled the effect.
    --Bp. Stillingfleet.

  6. (Mech.) The causing of motion against a resisting force. The amount of work is proportioned to, and is measured by, the product of the force into the amount of motion along the direction of the force. See Conservation of energy, under Conservation, Unit of work, under Unit, also Foot pound, Horse power, Poundal, and Erg.

    Energy is the capacity of doing work . . . Work is the transference of energy from one system to another.
    --Clerk Maxwell.

  7. (Mining) Ore before it is dressed.
    --Raymond.

  8. pl. (Script.) Performance of moral duties; righteous conduct.

    He shall reward every man according to his works.
    --Matt. xvi. 27.

    Faith, if it hath not works, is dead.
    --James ii. 17.

  9. (Cricket) Break; twist. [Cant]

  10. (Mech.) The causing of motion against a resisting force, measured by the product of the force into the component of the motion resolved along the direction of the force.

    Energy is the capacity of doing work. . . . Work is the transference of energy from one system to another.
    --Clerk Maxwell.

  11. (Mining) Ore before it is dressed.

    Muscular work (Physiol.), the work done by a muscle through the power of contraction.

    To go to work, to begin laboring; to commence operations; to contrive; to manage. ``I 'll go another way to work with him.''
    --Shak.

    To set on work, to cause to begin laboring; to set to work. [Obs.]
    --Hooker.

    To set to work, to employ; to cause to engage in any business or labor.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
work

Old English weorc, worc "something done, discreet act performed by someone, action (whether voluntary or required), proceeding, business; that which is made or manufactured, products of labor," also "physical labor, toil; skilled trade, craft, or occupation; opportunity of expending labor in some useful or remunerative way;" also "military fortification," from Proto-Germanic *werkan (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Dutch werk, Old Norse verk, Middle Dutch warc, Old High German werah, German Werk, Gothic gawaurki), from PIE *werg-o-, from root *werg- "to do" (see organ).\n\nWork is less boring than amusing oneself.

[Baudelaire, "Mon Coeur mis a nu," 1862]

\nIn Old English, the noun also had the sense of "fornication." Meaning "physical effort, exertion" is from c.1200; meaning "scholarly labor" or its productions is from c.1200; meaning "artistic labor" or its productions is from c.1200. Meaning "labor as a measurable commodity" is from c.1300. Meaning "embroidery, stitchery, needlepoint" is from late 14c. Work of art attested by 1774 as "artistic creation," earlier (1728) "artifice, production of humans (as opposed to nature)." Work ethic recorded from 1959. To be out of work "unemployed" is from 1590s. To make clean work of is from c.1300; to make short work of is from 1640s. Proverbial expression many hands make light work is from c.1300. To have (one's) work cut out for one is from 1610s; to have it prepared and prescribed, hence, to have all one can handle. Work in progress is from 1930 in a general sense, earlier as a specific term in accountancy and parliamentary procedure.
work

a fusion of Old English wyrcan (past tense worhte, past participle geworht) "prepare, perform, do, make, construct, produce; strive after" (from Proto-Germanic *wurkijan); and Old English wircan (Mercian) "to operate, function, set in motion," a secondary verb formed relatively late from Proto-Germanic noun *werkan (see work (n.)). Sense of "perform physical labor" was in Old English, as was sense "ply one's trade" and "exert creative power, be a creator." Transitive sense "manipulate (physical substances) into a desired state or form" was in Old English. Meaning "have the expected or desired effect" is from late 14c. In Middle English also "perform sexually" (mid-13c.). Related: Worked (15c.); working. To work up "excite" is from c.1600. To work over "beat up, thrash" is from 1927. To work against "attempt to subvert" is from late 14c.

Wiktionary
work

Etymology 1 n. 1 (lb en heading uncountable) ''employment.'' 2 # labour, occupation, job. Etymology 2

vb. 1 (context intransitive English) To do a specific task by employing physical or mental powers. 2 # Followed by ''in'' (or ''at'', etc.) Said of one's workplace (building), or one's department, or one's trade (sphere of business). 3 # Followed by '''as'''. Said of one's job title

WordNet
work
  1. n. activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work"

  2. a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing; "it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works"; "the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work"; "he was indebted to the pioneering work of John Dewey"; "the work of an active imagination"; "erosion is the work of wind or water over time" [syn: piece of work]

  3. the occupation for which you are paid; "he is looking for employment"; "a lot of people are out of work" [syn: employment]

  4. applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading); "mastering a second language requires a lot of work"; "no schools offer graduate study in interior design" [syn: study]

  5. the total output of a writer or artist (or a substantial part of it); "he studied the entire Wagnerian oeuvre"; "Picasso's work can be divided into periods" [syn: oeuvre, body of work]

  6. a place where work is done; "he arrived at work early today" [syn: workplace]

  7. (physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force; "work equals force times distance"

  8. [also: wrought]

work
  1. v. exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity; "I will work hard to improve my grades"; "she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor" [ant: idle]

  2. be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college" [syn: do work]

  3. have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected; "The voting process doesn't work as well as people thought"; "How does your idea work in practice?"; "This method doesn't work"; "The breaks of my new car act quickly"; "The medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water" [syn: act]

  4. perform as expected when applied; "The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in"; "Does this old car still run well?"; "This old radio doesn't work anymore" [syn: function, operate, go, run] [ant: malfunction]

  5. shape, form, or improve a material; "work stone into tools"; "process iron"; "work the metal" [syn: work on, process]

  6. give a work-out to; "Some parents exercise their infants"; "My personal trainer works me hard"; "work one's muscles" [syn: exercise, work out]

  7. proceed along a path; "work one's way through the crowd"; "make one's way into the forest" [syn: make]

  8. operate in a certain place, area, or specialty; "She works the night clubs"; "The salesman works the Midwest"; "This artist works mostly in acrylics"

  9. proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity; "work your way through every problem or task"; "She was working on her second martini when the guests arrived"; "Start from the bottom and work towards the top"

  10. move in an agitated manner; "His fingers worked with tension"

  11. cause to happen or to occur as a consequence; "I cannot work a miracle"; "wreak havoc"; "bring comments"; "play a joke"; "The rain brought relief to the drought-stricken area" [syn: bring, play, wreak, make for]

  12. cause to work; "he is working his servants hard" [syn: put to work]

  13. prepare for crops; "Work the soil"; "cultivate the land" [syn: cultivate, crop]

  14. behave in a certain way when handled; "This dough does not work easily"; "The soft metal works well"

  15. have and exert influence or effect; "The artist's work influenced the young painter"; "She worked on her friends to support the political candidate" [syn: influence, act upon]

  16. operate in or through; "Work the phones"

  17. cause to operate or function; "This pilot works the controls"; "Can you work an electric drill?"

  18. provoke or excite; "The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy"

  19. gratify and charm, usually in order to influence; "the political candidate worked the crowds"

  20. make something, usually for a specific function; "She molded the riceballs carefully"; "Form cylinders from the dough"; "shape a figure"; "Work the metal into a sword" [syn: shape, form, mold, mould, forge]

  21. move into or onto; "work the raisins into the dough"; "the student worked a few jokes into his presentation"; "work the body onto the flatbed truck"

  22. make uniform; "knead dough"; "work the clay until it is soft" [syn: knead]

  23. use or manipulate to one's advantage; "He exploit the new taxation system"; "She knows how to work the system"; "he works his parents for sympathy" [syn: exploit]

  24. find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of; "did you solve the problem?"; "Work out your problems with the boss"; "this unpleasant situation isn't going to work itself out"; "did you get it?"; "Did you get my meaning?"; "He could not work the math problem" [syn: solve, work out, figure out, puzzle out, lick]

  25. cause to undergo fermentation; "We ferment the grapes for a very long time to achieve high alcohol content"; "The vintner worked the wine in big oak vats" [syn: ferment]

  26. go sour or spoil; "The milk has soured"; "The wine worked"; "The cream has turned--we have to throw it out" [syn: sour, turn, ferment]

  27. arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion; "The stitches of the hem worked loose after she wore the skirt many times"

  28. [also: wrought]

Wikipedia
Work

Work may refer to:

Work (physics)

In physics, a force is said to do work if, when acting there is a displacement of the point of application in the direction of the force. For example, when a ball is held above the ground and then dropped, the work done on the ball as it falls is equal to the weight of the ball (a force) multiplied by the distance to the ground (a displacement).

The term work was introduced in 1826 by the French mathematician Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis as "weight lifted through a height", which is based on the use of early steam engines to lift buckets of water out of flooded ore mines. The SI unit of work is the joule (J).

Work (project management)

Work more precise the "joint" or the "concil" (3 in to 12 elements) for an "administration in project management" is the amount of effort applied to produce a deliverable or to accomplish a task (a terminal element) or a group of related tasks defined at the same level in the WBS.

Work (film)
Work (Jars of Clay song)

"Work" is a song written and performed by Jars of Clay. It is the second radio single from their 2006 studio album Good Monsters. The song was the 13th most played song on U.S. Christian Hit Radio stations in 2007. A live concert version of the song appears on the Live Monsters EP, which was released in 2007. An acoustic version of the song was included as a bonus thirteenth track on Good Monsters when purchased through a pre-release promotion on Apple's iTunes Store. A music video for "Work" was released in 2006.

Work (Jimmy Eat World song)

"Work" is a song by Jimmy Eat World from their 2004 album, Futures. It was the second single released from that album. The song was written by Jim Adkins and features backing vocals by Liz Phair.

"Work" received positive reviews from critics, and it appeared on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart and the UK Singles Chart. A music video was released for the song; it featured interviews with high school students. Since the song's release, Jimmy Eat World have included it in their live performances.

Work (The 2 Bears song)

"Work" is a single by London-based musical duo The 2 Bears. It was released on 1 January 2012 as a Digital download in the United Kingdom. The song features on their debut studio album Be Strong.

Work (book)

Work: Capitalism, Economics, Resistance is a 376-page anarchist polemic by the CrimethInc. ex-Workers' Collective. Published in 2011, the book examines capitalist economy from historical and functional perspectives, investigating the intersections between micro- and macro-economics, finance, globalization, political power and legitimacy, class, consumerism, police, prisons, technology, social oppression and identity politics, education, and ideology.

Work (Jme song)

"Work" is a single by English grime artist Jme. The song was released in the United Kingdom on 14 July 2013 as the second single from his third studio album, Integrity> (2015). The song peaked at number 133 on the UK Singles Chart and number 16 on the UK Indie Chart.

Work (EP)

Work is an extended play (EP) by English DJ Marcus Marr and Australian musician Chet Faker. The EP is the result of four days studio time that resulted from a spontaneous Twitter exchange.

Work (electrical)

Electrical work is the work done on a charged particle by an electric field. The equation for 'electrical' work is equivalent to that of 'mechanical' work:


$$W = Q \int_{a}^{b} \mathbf{E} \cdot \, d \mathbf{r} = Q \int_{a}^{b} \frac{\mathbf{F_E}}{Q} \cdot \, d \mathbf{r}= \int_{a}^{b} \mathbf{F_E} \cdot \, d \mathbf{r}$$

where

Q is the charge of the particle, q, the unit charge E is the electric field, which at a location is the force at that location divided by a unit ('test') charge F is the Coulomb (electric) force r is the displacement  ⋅  is the dot product

The electrical work per unit of charge, when moving a negligible test charge between two points, is defined as the voltage between those points.

Work (thermodynamics)

In thermodynamics, work performed by a system is the energy transferred by the system to its surroundings, that is fully accounted for solely by macroscopic forces exerted on the system by factors external to it, that is to say, factors in its surroundings. Thermodynamic work is a version of the concept of work in physics.

The external factors may be electromagnetic, gravitational, or pressure/volume or other simply mechanical constraints. Thermodynamic work is defined to be measurable solely from knowledge of such external macroscopic forces. These forces are associated with macroscopic state variables of the system that always occur in conjugate pairs, for example pressure and volume, magnetic flux density and magnetization. In the SI system of measurement, work is measured in joules (symbol: J). The rate at which work is performed is power.

Work (painting)

Work (1852–1865) is a painting by Ford Madox Brown that is generally considered to be his most important achievement. It exists in two versions. The painting attempts to portray, both literally and analytically, the totality of the Victorian social system and the transition from a rural to an urban economy. Brown began the painting in 1852 and completed it in 1865, when he set up a special exhibition to showcase it along with several of his other works. He wrote a detailed catalogue explaining the significance of the picture.

The painting was commissioned by Thomas Plint, a well-known collector of Pre-Raphaelite art, who died before its completion. A second version, smaller at 684 x 990 mm, was commissioned in 1859 and completed in 1863. This is now in the Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery. It is closely similar, though for the lady with a blue parasol the face of Maria Leathart, the commissioner's wife, replaces that of Mrs Brown in the Manchester version.

The picture depicts a group of so-called " navvies" digging up the road to build an underground tunnel. It is typically assumed that this was part of the extensions of London's sewerage system, which were being undertaken to deal with the threat of typhus and cholera. The workers are in the centre of the painting. On either side of them are individuals who are either unemployed or represent the leisured classes. Behind the workers are two wealthy figures on horseback, whose progress along the road has been halted by the excavations.

The painting also portrays an election campaign, evidenced by posters and people carrying sandwich boards with the name of the candidate "Bobus". A poster also draws attention to the potential presence of a burglar.

The setting is an accurate depiction of The Mount on Heath Street in Hampstead, London, where a side road rises up above the main road and runs alongside it. Brown made a detailed study of the location in 1852.

Work (Kelly Rowland song)

"Work" is a song recorded by American recording artist Kelly Rowland. It was written by Rowland, Scott Storch and Jason "Poo Bear" Boyd and co-produced by Storch and Boyd for Rowland's second studio album, Ms. Kelly (2007). The full track was leaked on May 31, 2007 onto the internet. Although Columbia Records intended to release "Work" as Ms. Kellys lead single, " Like This" was eventually chosen as Rowland, who was influenced by the negative feedback the song received from blogs after the leaked snippets, began to think that that "Work" had no commercial potential. English-Irish DJ duo Freemasons later remixed "Work", which, according to Rowland, gave it "new life".

"Work" is an up-tempo composition which displays elements of funk music and go-go. Composed in the key of D#minor, the song lyrically speaks of a woman who affirms to her man that actions speak louder than words and that she is not a woman who is easy to get to. Following the less successful chart performances of previous single " Ghetto", the record was released as the album's second single during the first quarter of 2008 (see 2008 in music) in most international music markets, excluding parts of North America.

Prominently pushed by a re-arranged remix by British producer duo Freemasons, "Work" enjoyed major commercial success and eventually became Rowland's best-charting solo single since her 2002 songs " Dilemma" and " Stole", reaching the top ten in Australia, Finland, France, Greece, Italy, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. "Work" is her fourth international most successful solo single to date, behind "Dilemma", " When Love Takes Over" and "Stole". The music video for "Work" was filmed in Los Angeles, California and was directed by Philip Andelman. The video shows Rowland and her dancers posed in silhouette and shot against backdrops of vivid color and beam lighting. The beam lighting is used throughout the video to create a kaleidoscope effect which is used to break up each scene.

Work (The Saturdays song)

"Work" is the fifth single by English-Irish girl group The Saturdays. The pop song was written by Ina Wroldsen, Harry Sommerdahl and Kalle Engström. "Work" was released on 29 June 2009 as the final single from the group's debut album, Chasing Lights. The single was released by Fascination Records in the United Kingdom and Europe, while releasing the single in Ireland under the label of Polydor Records.

The song was released with a music video, which was filmed on 16 May 2009 at Shepperton Studios. The music video features a different beat to the single. The music video became the band's most viewed video (at the time of the release), and which took concept of the band's upcoming tour to be titled The Work Tour. "Work", kicked the tour off, by having clips of the music video, where they do the catwalk.

Although the song was a fan favourite, it failed to gain the success of the band's four previous singles. It charted at number 22 on the UK Singles Chart, number 21 on the Irish Singles Chart and 68 on the European Hot 100 Singles. The song became the band's lowest charting single in the UK at the time, and their first to miss the top ten. The single was remixed by audio and music technician, Phil Tan for its release.

Work (Ciara song)

"Work" is a song recorded by American recording artist Ciara for her third studio album Fantasy Ride (2009). It was released by LaFace Records on July 24, 2009, as the album's fifth and final single. Rapper Missy Elliott provides featured vocals on the song. Ciara and Elliott wrote it in collaboration with its producers Nate "Danja" Hills and Marcella Araica. "Work" is a fast-paced electropop and dance song with elements of house and hip hop. Ciara described it as an energetic club track, and considered it initially as the lead single of Fantasy Ride.

"Work" received mixed opinions overall by critics, some of whom called it the album's strongest track and praised its hook, while others regarded the song as unoriginal and disappointing. The single peaked at number 52 on the UK Singles Chart and number 46 in Sweden. In Ireland, it reached number 31, the single's highest peak position on any chart. Melina Matsoukas directed the song's music video, in which Ciara performs with her dancers.

Work (album)

Work is a 2010 album by Swedish indie rock band Shout Out Louds. It was released in the United States and Canada on February 23, 2010, in Scandinavia on February 24, 2010, and in Germany, Australia, Switzerland, and Austria on February 26, 2010. The album was preceded by 2007's Our Ill Wills. The first single off of Work was "Walls", which was released as a free MP3 download through the band's website. The second single, "Fall Hard", was made available as free streaming audio on the band's MySpace website over a month before the album's release.

Walls is the band's third full-length release. It was produced by Phil Ek, the producer of American folk rock band Fleet Foxes' eponymous debut album, Band of Horses' Cease to Begin, and The Shins' Chutes Too Narrow and Wincing the Night Away. Merge Records, the label on which the album is being distributed in North America, describes the album as "strip[ping] away the bells and whistles of previous efforts".

Work (Iggy Azalea song)

"Work" is a song recorded by Australian rapper Iggy Azalea for her debut studio album, The New Classic (2014). It was released as Azalea's debut single as a lead artist, and the album's lead single on 17 March 2013. The track was written by Azalea, Trocon Markous Roberts, Natalie Sims, and The Invisible Men who produced it with 1st Down of FKi. Hailed by Azalea as her most personal song, "Work" was developed with motivational and inspirational intentions to portray her life story; specifically dealing with her struggle as an up-and-coming rapper, and her relocation from Mullumbimby, New South Wales to Miami at age 16. In sequence with its lyrical story, the snap and trap track begins with a sad-stringed verse segment before significantly increasing in tempo at its drum and synth-heavy refrain.

A number of music critics consider the song to be among Azalea's best output, namely praising her flow and the depth of the lyrical content. Commercially, "Work" became a sleeper hit; it peaked at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart and number 54 on the US Billboard Hot 100, but was certified silver and platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) and Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), respectively. "Work" became one of the lowest peaking songs to receive a sales certification in Australia where it reached number 79 and was certified gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA).

An accompanying music video was directed by Jonas & François and released on 13 March 2013. Inspired by several films, it features Azalea performing twerking sequences and a recreation of Vanessa Ferlito's lap dancing in the 2007 film, Death Proof. The video earned Azalea a nomination for Artist to Watch at the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards, and was praised by critics for its fashion, and portrayal of the song's lyrics. Among her live performance staples, Azalea promoted the single with live renditions on Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model and Nikki & Sara Live. It was also included in the setlist for her The New Classic Tour (2014). A number of remixes were commissioned for the single's release, including an official remix featuring American rapper Wale.

Work (Rihanna song)

"Work" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her eighth studio album, Anti (2016), featuring Canadian rapper Drake, the song was released as the lead single from Anti on January 27, 2016 through Westbury Road and Roc Nation. The song was written by PartyNextDoor, Drake, Rihanna, Monte Moir, Rupert "Sevn" Thomas, Allen Ritter and Matthew Samuels, and was produced by Boi-1da, Sevn Thomas, Ritter, Kuk Harrell and Noah "40" Shebib. The dancehall, reggae-pop song, contains an interpolation of " If You Were Here Tonight" (1985) performed by Alexander O'Neal. Lyrically, the song incorporates themes of working for money, as well as discussing fragile relationships. The song uses Jamaican Patois and Creole.

"Work" reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Rihanna's fourteenth number one single and Drake's second, and remained at the top for nine weeks. The song also saw success elsewhere peaking at number one in Canada, Denmark, France, Spain, South Africa, Belgium and the Netherlands and peaking within the top five of the charts in Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, the United Kingdom and Germany.

The song was accompanied by two music videos, which both premiered on February 22, 2016. The first of the two versions was directed by Director X, while the second was directed by Tim Erem. The song was further promoted with a live performance at the 2016 BRIT Awards which featured guest appearances from Drake and SZA. "Work" was praised as a song which has brought the genre of dancehall to the forefront of American music, becoming the first dancehall song to top the Billboard Hot 100 since Sean Paul's " Temperature" (2006). A Billboard writer highlighted the song and Rihanna herself for displaying West Indian culture prominently without appropriation from the mainstream.

Usage examples of "work".

The fables of Atreus, Thiestes, Tereus and Progne signifieth the wicked and abhominable facts wrought and attempted by mortall men.

But now hold up thine heart, and keep close for these two days that we shall yet abide in Tower Dale: and trust me this very evening I shall begin to set tidings going that shall work and grow, and shall one day rejoice thine heart.

Hutchinson has little leisure for much praise of the natural beauty of sky and landscape, but now and then in her work there appears an abiding sense of the pleasantness of the rural world--in her day an implicit feeling rather than an explicit.

Men were started aboard this ship, it seemed, even when they were doing their work efficiently.

Privately I ascribed her immunity to the fact that, being a woman, she escaped most of the cuts and abrasions to which we hard-working men were subject in the course of working the Snark around the world.

The job of my task force is to establish Abraxas and his good works all over the world.

Not only was it exceptionally lofty, and on one flank of that series of bluffs which has before been mentioned as constituting the line upon which the Confederate grip of the stream was based, but the tortuous character of the channel gave particular facilities for an enfilading fire on vessels both before and after they came abreast the works.

To support these and concentrate from the earliest moment as effective a fire as possible upon the works, Farragut brought his ironclads inside of the wooden vessels, and abreast the four leaders of that column.

Roman court, and gave his abridgment the name of Breviary, which thus came to denote a work which from another point of view might be called a Plenary, involving as it did the collection of several works into one.

But time had worked its curative powers, and soon the letters were abrim with exciting events of this richest court in all the Middle Kingdoms, as well as with pride of new skills mastered.

They say that his colonial conviction and present sentence to this godforsaken island was for bushranging, after absconding from his assigned place of work.

While they worked, Lukien leaned against the wagon, absently watching the stars appear.

If it is working well, then it is absolutely and in all ways as good as any other system, and who are we to go judging further?

In Hegel, the synthesis of the theory of modern sovereignty and the theory of value produced by capitalist political economy is finally realized, just as in his work there is a perfect realization of the consciousness of the union of the absolutist and republican aspects-that is, the Hobbesian and Rousseauian aspects-of the theory of modern sovereignty.

Now it is evident that in Penance something is done so that something holy is signified both on the part of the penitent sinner, and on the part of the priest absolving, because the penitent sinner, by deed and word, shows his heart to have renounced sin, and in like manner the priest, by his deed and word with regard to the penitent, signifies the work of God Who forgives his sins.