noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
abstain from alcohol
▪ Pilots must abstain from alcohol for 24 hours before flying.
abuse alcohol/drugs
▪ The proportion of drinkers who abuse alcohol is actually quite small.
alcohol dependent
▪ a danger of becoming alcohol dependent
alcohol/drug abuse (=the practice of drinking too much or taking illegal drugs)
alcohol/lead/radiation etc poisoning (=caused by a particular substance)
▪ a case of alcohol poisoning
drug/alcohol misuse
▪ Children who begin smoking when young are at greater risk from drugs misuse.
drug/alcohol use
▪ Drug use among teenage boys is on the increase.
drug/heroin/alcohol etc addiction
ethyl alcohol
fat/protein/alcohol etc content
▪ the fat content of cheese
▪ water with a low salt content
food/alcohol/calorie etc intake
▪ Sickness may develop from inadequate fluid intake.
methyl alcohol
protein/carbohydrate/alcohol etc metabolism
▪ The vast majority of alcohol metabolism occurs in the liver.
rubbing alcohol
under the influence of alcohol/drink/drugs etc
▪ He was accused of driving while under the influence of alcohol.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
excess
▪ William McCabe, who's sixty-three, is charged with driving with excess alcohol.
▪ Todd yesterday admitted driving with excess alcohol and failing to stop and report an accident.
▪ Despite indiscretions induced by excess alcohol, relations between Stewart and Glenure had not broken down irretrievably.
▪ At an earlier hearing, he'd pleaded guilty to driving with excess alcohol in his blood.
▪ He admitted driving with excess alcohol but said he shouldn't be banned.
▪ He's charged with causing death by dangerous driving, failing to stop and report an accident and driving with excess alcohol.
▪ The most frequent effect of excess alcohol intake on serum lipids is elevation of triglyceride levels.
excessive
▪ The excessive user of alcohol or drugs may not perceive his or her true state.
▪ Incontinence is another problem that can begin by excessive alcohol intake.
high
▪ These sweeter grapes produce rich, fruity wines with a potentially higher level of alcohol.
▪ Clark said the assumption that decomposition creates high levels of alcohol is controversial among pathologists.
▪ The high sugar and alcohol content means that a pudding can become dangerously hot in a microwave.
▪ Others factors can be, such as obesity, high alcohol consumption and lack of exercise.
▪ Beverages with higher alcohol content such as whisky and cognac did not stimulate acid secretion.
▪ Lots of oak, flavors of pineapple and mango, and high alcohol were tasters' impressions here.
▪ A lack of response would suggest that the high concentration of alcohol is the principal factor.
▪ For instance, many people learn in high school that alcohol is a depressant-a kind of chemical sledgehammer for the mind.
legal
▪ Police stopped Kelly, of Chelmsford, and a breath test showed him to be more than twice the legal alcohol limit.
▪ Blood tests revealed he was almost twice the legal alcohol limit.
▪ A roadside breath test showed he was 2 1/2 times over the legal alcohol limit.
▪ The legal age for alcohol purchase is 18.
low
▪ This low alcohol version is as light and approachable as the full strength variety and is ideal for parties.
▪ As intriguing as these results are, much remains unclear about the impact of low doses of alcohol on the immune sys-tem.
▪ Certain individuals get sleepy on low doses of alcohol and revved up on high doses-exactly the reverse of what most people experience.
▪ The result is a clean, full flavoured low alcohol lager with a lovely dry aftertaste.
▪ Tesco's exciting range of low alcohol and alcohol-free products offers an adult alternative to soft drinks.
▪ It is the sweet version, similar to lemonade, and low in alcohol.
moderate
▪ The increased healing rate in wine drinkers is consistent with other reports that moderate alcohol intake may be harmless or beneficial.
▪ For there is by now a mountain of medical evidence that moderate consumption of alcohol dramatically lowers the risk of heart disease.
▪ An increasing number of medical experts now agree that moderate consumption of alcohol is beneficial to health.
▪ This is one of the first mortality studies of moderate alcohol drinkers in the non-Western world.
pure
▪ Among the various solutions, epinephrine and pure alcohol are proved to be effective in the arrest of peptic ulcer haemorrhage.
▪ The rebleeding rate was high, however, and this could be decreased with pure alcohol injection after the epinephrine injection.
▪ For patients with spurting peptic ulcers, we suggest pure alcohol injection after an epinephrine injection instead of epinephrine injection alone.
▪ For the epinephrine plus pure alcohol group, all achieved initial haemostasis.
▪ However, in case of need, cars can run on pure alcohol after adjustments.
■ NOUN
abuse
▪ There is no convincing evidence that advertising influences total consumption or has an impact on levels of alcohol abuse.
▪ Helping young people cope with the impact of drug and alcohol abuse is the focus of the play Coming To.
▪ Patients with liver disease may be susceptible to infection, particularly when this is secondary to alcohol abuse.
▪ It makes me nervous to see how large a problem alcohol abuse has become in their country.
▪ Jack came from a family which was riddled with alcohol abuse.
▪ Teenage depression, alcohol abuse, and even suicide are all attributed to the pressures of the exam system.
▪ And a specialist in alcohol abuse says youngsters don't realise the dangers associated with what is a potentially harmful drug.
▪ Severe lipaemia due to chronic alcohol abuse may result in recurrent attacks of pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus.
addiction
▪ In 1997, 90 % of the calls were related to alcohol addiction, falling to 60 % last year.
▪ Twenty-five percent were there for drug and alcohol addiction.
▪ The vast majority of alcohol addiction cases came from men older than 40 and women over 35, he said.
▪ Partners made up more than a third of those contacting SolCare in 1998, most over alcohol addiction.
blood
▪ The average for all exhibits is down to twelve days, and the blood alcohol has fallen to 1.2 days.
▪ Wait said recently that he thought his blood alcohol was half as much.
▪ Unlike the familiar blood alcohol tests in motoring cases, urinalysis does not demonstrate that the employee is impaired by drugs.
▪ Other things being equal, taking aspirin will result in higher and longer-lasting blood alcohol levels.
▪ The proportion of people killed who had blood alcohol concentrations above the limit also fell.
▪ Prosecutors have said Makharadze had a blood alcohol level of at least. 15 at the time of the five-car crash.
▪ The legal limit is. 08 and his blood alcohol was. 09.
consumption
▪ What is the control theory approach to alcohol consumption?
▪ Others factors can be, such as obesity, high alcohol consumption and lack of exercise.
▪ The relation between alcohol consumption and sickness absence will be reported elsewhere.
▪ Not having children or having them late in life doubles the risk, as does heavy alcohol consumption.
▪ Increasingly attention is paid to the four lifestyle areas of smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise and diet.
▪ The intended result of such treatment is to reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption by producing a negative response to alcohol.
▪ Since alcohol consumption may have varied with time, efforts were made to obtain estimates based on patient recall and chart review.
▪ They reported a 60 % higher risk linked to maternal alcohol consumption.
content
▪ The high sugar and alcohol content means that a pudding can become dangerously hot in a microwave.
▪ Beverages with higher alcohol content such as whisky and cognac did not stimulate acid secretion.
▪ But a breath test revealed an alcohol content of 88 milligrammes - more than twice the limit, the court in Pontefract heard.
▪ Guinness, which sells 22 variants of its stout around the globe, varies hugely in alcohol content.
▪ He was happy about the alcohol content, but the damp bandage soon took the smile off his face.
▪ To find out how different drinks compare for alcohol content, use the % alcohol column.
▪ The alcohol content is clearly stated on the front of the label.
▪ So you can't ignore their alcohol content.
drinking
▪ Almost all damage is, in the early stages, reversible provided people stop drinking alcohol.
▪ He should also avoid drinking alcohol.
▪ Avoid drinking alcohol or fruit juices. 6.
▪ Also useful is regular exercise, taking adequate daily calcium and not smoking or drinking alcohol to excess.
▪ Similarly, do not have a hot bath after a heavy meal or after drinking alcohol - the same thing could happen.
▪ And anyone found guilty of drinking alcohol may be subjected to 80 lashes of a cane.
ethyl
▪ After incubation for 3 days at 35.8°C, each microtitre plate was stained with 0.05% crystal violet in 25% ethyl alcohol.
▪ Distillation liberated the spirits from fermented grains and fruit juices, and in time ethyl alcohol was purified.
intake
▪ There are no studies on the acute effect of alcohol intake on gastric acid secretion in chronic alcoholic patients.
▪ Laminin has been related to alcohol intake.
▪ Laminin concentration is also related to alcohol intake.
▪ Age of starting smoking, cigarettes per day and years of abstinence, and regular alcohol intake.
▪ Cumulative alcohol intake certainly plays a role and other environmental factors, in particular nutrition, may also be important.
▪ The increased healing rate in wine drinkers is consistent with other reports that moderate alcohol intake may be harmless or beneficial.
▪ In the cases studied alcohol intake was never higher than 50 g/day.
level
▪ A blood test revealed his alcohol level was 40 percent above the legal limit.
▪ Other things being equal, taking aspirin will result in higher and longer-lasting blood alcohol levels.
▪ Blood alcohol levels rise at pretty much the same rate in infrequent and habitual drinkers.
▪ Prosecutors have said Makharadze had a blood alcohol level of at least. 15 at the time of the five-car crash.
limit
▪ Police stopped Kelly, of Chelmsford, and a breath test showed him to be more than twice the legal alcohol limit.
▪ Blood tests revealed he was almost twice the legal alcohol limit.
▪ A roadside breath test showed he was 2 1/2 times over the legal alcohol limit.
▪ So how about setting an alcohol limit for every passenger?
▪ But he was banned for a year - because he was well over the alcohol limit at the time.
misuse
▪ The effects of alcohol misuse spill over from private life into the workplace, causing inefficiency and accidents as well as absenteeism.
▪ We also need to be aware that under pressure, all of us are vulnerable to alcohol misuse and even addiction.
▪ Getting reliable figures to show how much alcohol misuse costs us, or how many people are affected, isn't easy.
▪ If alcohol misuse affects your business, it could mean that you aren't as competitive as you might be.
▪ In additionto that, the social costs to society due to alcohol misuse are far greater.
▪ However, telephone calls relating to alcohol misuse decreased from 47 in 1997 to 39 in 1998.
▪ The drinks industry has made a gesture towards its concern about alcohol misuse by setting up the Portman group.
problem
▪ Mr F, 35 has an alcohol problem and his wife, 32, has supported him through many difficult periods.
▪ Some kinds of alcohol problems may have a genetic etiology; others are environmentally based.
▪ An alcohol problems voluntary agency helps Mrs F who has become involved in a family self-help group.
▪ And again dismissal certainly will not help them overcome their alcohol problem.
▪ Should the mental health state continue, then the condition is likely to be primary, with the alcohol problem being secondary.
▪ Yet many people with drugs and alcohol problems move frequently between areas, and may have no settled residence.
▪ According to the guidelines, only a small proportion of people with drug or alcohol problems have any contact with social services.
▪ The group can consist either of other elderly people, or special groups for people of all ages with an alcohol problem.
use
▪ To increase knowledge about alcohol so that future alcohol use can be more informed and therefore more prudent. 2.
▪ Chronic alcohol use can quash the libido of both men and women.
▪ Practically all the news from research into the immunological impacts of chronic alcohol use is negative.
■ VERB
avoid
▪ He should also avoid drinking alcohol.
▪ Losing weight and avoiding alcohol can help the problem.
▪ Remember: Avoid smoking and alcohol.
▪ Jackie was to make sure that Bud arrived on time, avoided such temptations as alcohol and got home safely.
▪ They should eat a balanced diet supplemented with multivitamin tablets, avoid alcohol and get plenty of sleep.
consume
▪ The patient was a non-smoker and did not consume alcohol.
▪ If you are doing covert sensitization on an outpatient basis, your client could be consuming alcohol prior to treatment.
▪ Home Office ministers and anti-drink campaigners were concerned that extended hours could encourage people to consume alcohol.
▪ Adult men consume most of the alcohol in the country.
contain
▪ Most liquid or powdered ginseng products contain no alcohol, state officials said.
▪ Avoid over-the-counter medication containing benzoyl peroxide and alcohol - it dehydrates the area surrounding the spot.
▪ Thus, with the exception of water, all of the most popular beverages on earth contain either caffeine or alcohol.
▪ The third fraction contains alcohols with boiling points ranging from 120 to l30°C.
▪ The vials were found to contain 5 percent to 24 percent alcohol but were not labeled as containing alcohol.
▪ They say it contains eight percent alcohol, and the locals down it by the gallon.
▪ Low-alcohol beers contain about 1% alcohol instead of the usual 3 + %.
drink
▪ I also smoke, but at least I don't drink much alcohol.
▪ The President, who drinks very little alcohol, sipped his favorite cocktail, a weak orange blossom.
▪ I don't drink any alcohol but I love papaya juice and drink tons of mineral water.
▪ The volunteers who drank alcohol contracted fewer colds during the study period than did the volunteers who drank no alcohol.
▪ If you drink four units of alcohol, four units will get into your blood.
▪ The volunteers who drank alcohol contracted fewer colds during the study period than did the volunteers who drank no alcohol.
▪ Fred craves meat, smokes but doesn't drink alcohol.
▪ He infringed the Islannc code by drinking alcohol, eating pork, and seldom going to mosque.
rub
▪ Those lost souls are so impoverished that they shave their heads in order that they may rub alcohol into them.
▪ Children filed into school gymnasiums reeking of rubbing alcohol to get their shots.
▪ Remove carpet stains with rubbing alcohol.
sell
▪ The law does not allow us to sell alcohol to persons under 18 years of age.
▪ California has required health warnings on all alcoholic beverages and in all premises that sell alcohol.
▪ An exception to the protection of the 1954 Act was licensed premises where the primary purpose was to sell alcohol.
serve
▪ Mr Howard also wants cafes to be able to serve alcohol another move aimed at families.
▪ Do you want to serve alcohol?
▪ Recent relaxations in late-night licensing have allowed many venues to keep serving alcohol until 6am or even later.
▪ Only four establishments in this city of 44, 000 qualify as cabarets -- places that serve alcohol and allow dancing.
▪ If you serve alcohol in a public place, you may have to buy liability insurance. 10.
smoke
▪ Cutting down on smoking and alcohol are sensible moves.
▪ That such feedback is not enough to prevent many from smoking and abusing alcohol is another topic for another time.
▪ Many victims also suffer the long-term consequences of smoking and alcohol.
▪ In many series, smoking and/or alcohol has been associated with gastric cancer, and especially with cancer of the cardia.
▪ Also useful is regular exercise, taking adequate daily calcium and not smoking or drinking alcohol to excess.
▪ The survey focused on four major factors: diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption.
▪ Research has confirmed that women who continue to smoke and drink alcohol during pregnancy tend to produce smaller babies.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
can hold your drink/liquor/alcohol etc
drug/alcohol dependence
▪ His father says that David accepts the sentence, and is getting treatment for his drug dependence.
▪ Most people make the change from occasional social drinking to alcohol dependence gradually.
▪ Studies of twins and of alcohol-dependent patients point to an inherited vulnerability to alcohol dependence, too.
▪ The higher figures came for such easy-to-call labels as bulimia and alcohol and drug dependence.
▪ You can get treatment for drug dependence, mostly as an outpatient.
under the influence (of alcohol/drink/drugs etc)
▪ Cowan suggests that the strength of the excitatory interactions increases relative to that of the inhibitory interactions under the influence of the drug.
▪ Teenagers under the influence of the locally produced khat narcotic plant were said to be responsible for much of the artillery fire.
▪ The motor velocity increases under the influence of the positive torque and the equilibrium position is attained with maximum velocity.
▪ The roads, under the influence of the rain, were becoming shocking.
▪ The weather became cooler under the influences of cold breezes from the frozen north, observed my master.
▪ Today I write this, happily, under the influence of a drug.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ He doesn't drink alcohol or smoke.
▪ low alcohol wines
▪ She could smell alcohol on his breath.
▪ Ted doesn't drink alcohol anymore.
▪ We're not allowed to serve alcohol to people under 18.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Carlton then took a small scoopful of concrete and shook it up with alcohol to see how much air was dissolved.
▪ Children filed into school gymnasiums reeking of rubbing alcohol to get their shots.
▪ I don't know what his diagnosis was but I don't think either of them even vaguely suspected alcohol.
▪ Most of the red-faced men are too spent from overwork and alcohol to be a problem.
▪ The law does not allow us to sell alcohol to persons under 18 years of age.
▪ Women are more affected by alcohol than men.