Crossword clues for morphology
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Morphology \Mor*phol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. morfh` form + -logy: cf. F. morphologie.]
(Biol.) That branch of biology which deals with the structure of animals and plants, treating of the forms of organs and describing their varieties, homologies, and metamorphoses. See Tectology, and Promorphology.
(Biol.) The form and structure of an organism.
(Linguistics) The branch of linguistics which studies the patterns by which words are formed from other words, including inflection, compounding, and derivation.
Specifically: The study of the patterns of inflection of words or word classes in any given language; the study of the patterns in which morphemes combine to form words, and the rules for combination; morphemics; as, the morphology of Spanish verbs; also, the inflection patterns themselves.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
Wiktionary
n. 1 (context uncountable English) A scientific study of form and structure, usually without regard to function. Especially: 2 # (context linguistics English) The study of the internal structure of morphemes (words and their semantic building blocks).
WordNet
n. the branch of biology that deals with the structure of animals and plants
studies of the rules for forming admissible words
the admissible arrangement of sounds in words [syn: sound structure, syllable structure, word structure]
the branch of geology that studies the characteristics and configuration and evolution of rocks and land forms [syn: geomorphology]
Wikipedia
Morphology, from the Greek and meaning "study of shape", may mean:
- Morphology (archaeology), study of the shapes or forms of artifacts
- Morphology (astronomy), study of the shape of astronomical objects such as nebulae, galaxies, or other extended objects
- Morphology (biology), the study of the form or shape of an organism or part thereof
- Morphology (folkloristics), the structure of narratives such as folk tales
- Morphology (linguistics), the study of the structure and content of word forms
- Mathematical morphology, a theoretical model based on lattice theory, used for digital image processing
- River morphology, the field of science dealing with changes of river platform
- Urban morphology, study of the form, structure, formation and transformation of human settlements
- Geomorphology, the study of landforms
- Morphological analysis (disambiguation)
- Morphology (materials science), the study of shape, size, texture and phase distribution of physical objects.
- Morphology (Architecture and Engineering), research which is based on theories of two-dimensional and three-dimensional symmetries, and then uses these geometries for planning buildings and structures.
- Morphology (social), study of the form and structure of society
- Morphology (ideology), the study of the conceptual structure of ideologies, and the rules defining the admissibility of meanings into concepts.
- Morphology (journal),
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.
This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern, size), i.e. external morphology (or eidonomy), as well as the form and structure of the internal parts like bones and organs, i.e. internal morphology (or anatomy). This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of gross structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts.
In linguistics, morphology is the study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language. It analyzes the structure of words and parts of words, such as stems, root words, prefixes, and suffixes. Morphology also looks at parts of speech, intonation and stress, and the ways context can change a word's pronunciation and meaning. Morphology differs from morphological typology, which is the classification of languages based on their use of words and lexicology, which is the study of words and how they make up a language's vocabulary.
While words, along with clitics, are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, in most languages, if not all, many words can be related to other words by rules that collectively describe the grammar for that language. For example, English speakers recognize that the words dog and dogs are closely related, differentiated only by the plurality morpheme "-s", only found bound to nouns. Speakers of English, a fusional language, recognize these relations from their tacit knowledge of English's rules of word formation. They infer intuitively that dog is to dogs as cat is to cats; and, in similar fashion, dog is to dog catcher as dish is to dishwasher. By contrast, Classical Chinese has very little morphology, using almost exclusively unbound morphemes ("free" morphemes) and depending on word order to convey meaning. (Most words in modern Standard Chinese ("Mandarin"), however, are compounds and most roots are bound.) These are understood as grammars that represent the morphology of the language. The rules understood by a speaker reflect specific patterns or regularities in the way words are formed from smaller units in the language they are using and how those smaller units interact in speech. In this way, morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word formation within and across languages and attempts to formulate rules that model the knowledge of the speakers of those languages.
Polysynthetic languages, such as Chukchi, have words composed of many morphemes. The Chukchi word "təmeyŋəlevtpəγtərkən", for example, meaning "I have a fierce headache", is composed of eight morphemes t-ə-meyŋ-ə-levt-pəγt-ə-rkən that may be glossed. The morphology of such languages allows for each consonant and vowel to be understood as morphemes, while the grammar of the language indicates the usage and understanding of each morpheme.
The discipline that deals specifically with the sound changes occurring within morphemes is morphophonology.
Morphology, broadly, is the study of form or structure. Folkloristic morphology, then, is the study of the structure of folklore and fairy tales.
Folkloristic morphology owes its existence to two seminal researchers and theorists: Russian scholar Vladimir Propp and Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne.
Antti Aarne's theories, enlarged and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson in 1961 and by Hans-Jörg Uther in 2004, look at motifs rather than actions – for example, "a soldier makes a deal with the devil" or "a soldier marries the youngest of three sisters." More than 2500 folk and fairy tales have been cataloged under this taxonomy; the AaTh or Aarne–Thompson number is as well-known to folklorists as Francis James Child's identification of ballads are to scholars of folk songs.
Vladimir Propp was a Russian structuralist scholar. He criticized Aarne's work for ignoring what motifs did in a tale, and analysed the basic plot, or action, components of Russian folk tales to identify their simplest irreducible narrative elements. His Morphology of the Folk Tale was published in Russian in 1928 and influenced Claude Lévi-Strauss and Roland Barthes, though it received little attention from Western scholars until it was translated into English in the 1950s.
In the Afanasyev's collection of Russian fairy tales, Propp found a limited number of plot elements or "functions" that constructed all. These elements occurred in a standard, consistent sequence. He derived thirty-one generic functions, such as "a difficult task is proposed" or "donor tests the hero" or "a magical agent is directly transferred."
Morphology in archaeology, the study of shapes and forms, and their grouping into period styles remains a crucial tool, despite modern techniques like radiocarbon dating, in the identification and dating not only of works of art but all classes of archaeological artefact, including purely functional ones (ignoring the question of whether purely functional artefacts exist). The term morphology ("study of shapes", from the Greek) is more often used for this. Morphological analyses of many individual artefacts are used to construct typologies for different types of artefact, and by the technique of seriation a relative dating based on shape and style for a site or group of sites is achieved where scientific absolute dating techniques cannot be used, in particular where only stone, ceramic or metal artefacts or remains are available, which is often the case. That artefacts such as pottery very often survive only in fragments makes precise knowledge of morphology even more necessary, as it is often necessary to identify and date a piece of pottery from only a few sherds.
In contrast to recent trends in academic art history, the succession of schools of archaeological theory in the last century, from culture-historical archaeology to processual archaeology and finally the rise of post-processual archaeology in recent decades has if anything increased the importance of the study of style in archaeology.
Morphology in architecture is the study of the evolution of form within the built environment. This broad concept references linguistics, history, sociology, physics, and biology to describe changes in the formal syntax of buildings and cities. Often morphology describes discursive processes, such as in the evolution of a design concept from first conception to production, but can also be understood as the categorical study in the change of buildings and their use through a historical perspective. Similar to genres of music, morphology arrives at definitions of architectural 'styles' or typologies. Architectural typologies are often described by the movements that gave rise to a certain aesthetic, the influences of which are usually cultural or philosophical in origin. Some examples are, indigenous architecture, classical architecture, baroque architecture, modernism, postmodernism, deconstructivism, and futurism. Recent advances in fluid and cross platform tools such as 3d printing, virtual reality, and building information modeling make the current contemporary typology formally difficult to pinpoint.
Category:Architecture
Usage examples of "morphology".
Aside from two poorly dated Neanderthal skulls from Germany and Gibraltar, and a few other little-reported finds of modern morphology, there were no discoveries of hominid fossil remains.
Such methods include chemical, radiometric, and geomagnetic dating techniques, as well as analysis of site stratigraphy, faunal remains, tool types, and the morphology of the hominid remains.
In attempting to sort out this Middle Pleistocene hominid logjam, scientists have repeatedly used the morphology of the hominid fossils to select desirable dates within the total possible faunal date ranges of the sites.
Middle Pleistocene age, and the scientists working on the cave suggest a late Middle Pleistocene dating, for the morphology of the maxilla shows less primitive features than does that of Sinanthropus.
Europe is due to the perfect integration of Roman capillary habits with the general morphology of the characters he usually portrays.
But because the remains were modern in morphology they came under intense negative scrutiny.
The morphology of the Vertesszollos occipital is even more puzzling than that of the Heidelberg jaw.
As far as the surface finds are concerned, these are all cranial and dental remains, the morphology of which is primarily apelike with some humanlike features.
But keep in mind the following: this sequencing operation is performed primarily on the basis of morphology, in order to preserve an evolutionary progression.
The principal justification for fixing the date of the Maba cave in the very latest part of the late Middle Pleistocene or in the early Late Pleistocene seems to be the morphology of the hominid remains.
Further confirmation of the humanlike morphology of the Kanapoi humerus came from anthropologists Henry M.
Ive spent the entire night studying their morphology and physiology, and other than that slight difference in electrolytes I detected when we were on the planets surface, Ive found nothing to account for their deaths.
If you are somewhat familiar with humanoids, then why can you not use your superior intellect to learn their morphology and physiology?
The morphology database includes abbreviated music and mathematics tables.
The external environment in such a view is the cause, the evolved morphology, physiology, and behavior of the organism is the effect, and natural selection is the mechanism by which the autonomous external cause is translated into the effect.