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The Collaborative International Dictionary
Regeneration

Regeneration \Re*gen`er*a"tion\ (-?"sh?n), n. [L. regeneratio: cf. F. r['e]g['e]neration.]

  1. The act of regenerating, or the state of being regenerated.

  2. (Theol.) The entering into a new spiritual life; the act of becoming, or of being made, Christian; that change by which holy affectations and purposes are substituted for the opposite motives in the heart.

    He saved us by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Chost.
    --Tit. iii. 5.

  3. (Biol.) The reproduction of a part which has been removed or destroyed; re-formation; -- a process especially characteristic of a many of the lower animals; as, the regeneration of lost feelers, limbs, and claws by spiders and crabs.

  4. (Physiol.)

    1. The reproduction or renewal of tissues, cells, etc., which have been used up and destroyed by the ordinary processes of life; as, the continual regeneration of the epithelial cells of the body, or the regeneration of the contractile substance of muscle.

    2. The union of parts which have been severed, so that they become anatomically perfect; as, the regeneration of a nerve.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
regeneration

mid-14c., from Late Latin regenerationem (nominative regeneratio) "a being born again," noun of action from past participle stem of Latin regenerare "make over, generate again," from re- "again" (see re-) + generare "to produce" (see generation). Originally spiritual; of animal tissue, early 15c.; of forests, 1888.

Wiktionary
regeneration

n. 1 rebuilding or restructuring; large scale repair or renewal. 2 (context fantasy gaming English) restoration of health or hit points

WordNet
regeneration
  1. n. (biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs

  2. feedback in phase with (augmenting) the input [syn: positive feedback]

  3. the activity of spiritual or physical renewal

  4. forming again (especially with improvements or removal of defects); renewing and reconstituting [syn: re-formation]

Wikipedia
Regeneration

Regeneration is renewal through the internal processes of a body or system. Something which embodies this action can be described as regenerative. Many titles of cultural work and cultural and scientific concepts use the term, and may refer to:

Regeneration (1915 film)

Cited as one of the first full-length gangster films, Regeneration tells the story of a poor orphan who rises to control the mob until he meets a woman for whom he wants to change.

Regeneration (novel)

Regeneration is a historical and anti-war novel by Pat Barker, first published in 1991. The novel was a Booker Prize nominee and was described by the New York Times Book Review as one of the four best novels of the year in its year of publication. It is the first of three novels in the Regeneration Trilogy of novels on the First World War, the other two being The Eye in the Door and The Ghost Road, which won the Booker Prize in 1995. The novel was adapted into a film by the same name in 1997 by Scottish film director Gillies MacKinnon and starring Jonathan Pryce as Rivers, James Wilby as Sassoon and Jonny Lee Miller as Prior. The film was successful in the UK and Canada, receiving nominations for a number of awards.

The novel explores the experience of British army officers being treated for shell shock during World War I at Craiglockhart War Hospital in Edinburgh. Inspired by her grandfather's experience of World War I, Barker draws extensively on first person narratives from the period. Using these sources, she created characters based on historical individuals present at the hospital including poets and patients, Siegfried Sassoon and Wilfred Owen, and psychologist W. H. R. Rivers, who pioneered treatments of posttraumatic stress disorder during and after WWI. The title of the novel refers to Rivers' research into "nerve regeneration". Barker also includes fictional characters, based on the larger cultural experience of the period, including an officer who grew up in the lower classes, Billy Prior, and his girlfriend and munitionette, Sarah Lumb.

The novel is thematically complex, exploring the effect of the War on identity, masculinity, and social structure. Moreover, the novel draws extensively on period psychological practices, emphasising River's research as well as Freudian psychology. Through the novel Barker enters a particular tradition of representing the experience of World War I in literature: many critics compare the novel to other World War I novels, especially those written by women writers interested in the domestic repercussions of the war, including Rebecca West's The Return of the Soldier (1918) and Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway (1925). Barker both drew on those texts of the period that initially inspired her and makes references to a number of other literary and cultural works and events. These give an impression of historical realism, even though Barker tends to refute the claim that the novel is "historical fiction".

Regeneration (Roy Orbison album)

Regeneration is an album by Roy Orbison, released in 1977. It marked the return to Monument Records where he had launched his greatest successes over fifteen years earlier where he released some of his greatest hits. However, it would be a one-time only rekindling of the business relationship as Orbison, not happy with the material he was given to record, asked Fred Foster to annul his contract - which he did.

Alternate album cover: The UK album featured an altered cover.

Regeneration (Superchick album)

Regeneration is Christian rock band Superchick's third album and their first remix album. It was released on October 21, 2003. "Me Against the World", featured on the soundtrack for Legally Blonde 2, is the only non-remix song on the record. "One Girl Revolution (Battle Mix)" also appeared on Beauty From Pain 1.1.

Regeneration (1997 film)

Regeneration is a 1997 film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Pat Barker. The film is directed by Gillies MacKinnon. It was released as Behind the Lines in the USA in 1998. The film follows the stories of a number of Officers of the British Army during World War I who are brought together in Craiglockhart War Hospital where they are treated for various trauma. It features the story of Siegfried Sassoon, his open letter reprinted in The Times criticising the conduct of the war and his return to the front.

Regeneration (biology)

In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. Every species is capable of regeneration, from bacteria to humans. Regeneration can either be complete where the new tissue is the same as the lost tissue, or incomplete where after the necrotic tissue comes fibrosis. At its most elementary level, regeneration is mediated by the molecular processes of gene regulation. Regeneration in biology, however, mainly refers to the morphogenic processes that characterize the phenotypic plasticity of traits allowing multi-cellular organisms to repair and maintain the integrity of their physiological and morphological states. Above the genetic level, regeneration is fundamentally regulated by asexual cellular processes. Regeneration is different from reproduction. For example, hydra perform regeneration but reproduce by the method of budding.

The hydra and the planarian flatworm have long served as model organisms for their highly adaptive regenerative capabilities. Once wounded, their cells become activated and start to remodel tissues and organs back to the pre-existing state. The Caudata ("urodeles"; salamanders and newts), an order of tailed amphibians, is possibly the most adept vertebrate group at regeneration, given their capability of regenerating limbs, tails, jaws, eyes and a variety of internal structures. The regeneration of organs is a common and widespread adaptive capability among metazoan creatures. In a related context, some animals are able to reproduce asexually through fragmentation, budding, or fission. A planarian parent, for example, will constrict, split in the middle, and each half generates a new end to form two clones of the original. Echinoderms (such as the starfish), crayfish, many reptiles, and amphibians exhibit remarkable examples of tissue regeneration. The case of autotomy, for example, serves as a defensive function as the animal detaches a limb or tail to avoid capture. After the limb or tail has been autotomized, cells move into action and the tissues will regenerate. Limited regeneration of limbs occurs in most fishes and salamanders, and tail regeneration takes place in larval frogs and toads (but not adults). The whole limb of a Salamander or a Triton will grow again and again after amputation. In reptiles, Chelonians, crocodiles and snakes are unable to regenerate lost parts. But many (not all) kinds of lizards, geckos and Iguanas possess regeneration capacity in a high degree. Usually, it involves dropping a section of their tail and regenerating it as part of a defense mechanism. While escaping a predator, if the predator catches the tail, it will disconnect.

Regeneration (Star Trek: Enterprise)

"Regeneration" is the forty-ninth episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Enterprise, the twenty-third episode of the second season. It first aired on May 7, 2003 on the UPN network in the United States. The episode was written by Mike Sussman and Phyllis Strong, and was directed by David Livingston. It was a follow-up to the feature film Star Trek: First Contact, and a prelude to the Battle of Wolf 359 (as seen in "The Best of Both Worlds".)

Set in the 22nd century, the series follows the adventures of the first Starfleet starship Enterprise, registration NX-01. In this episode, several cybernetically enhanced aliens are accidentally reanimated by a research team in the Arctic. The aliens assimilate the researchers and their ship before escaping into space. The Enterprise pursues the ship and is attacked, forcing Archer to destroy the vessel. Afterwards they discover that the aliens sent a message into the Delta Quadrant containing the coordinates of Earth, a message that will not arrive until the 24th century.

The episode utilised props and costumes from previous Star Trek series in order to represent the Borg and is where they make their last canon appearance. The guest cast including Bonita Friedericy, the wife of main cast member John Billingsley. The ratings received by the episode were similar to those received during the previous week, and the number of viewers were one of the highest for the year. The critical response to "Regeneration" was mixed, with concerns directed at potential continuity problems, and that the appearance of the Borg was a little obvious. A follow-up episode to "Regeneration" featuring the return of Alice Krige as the Borg Queen was pitched for the fifth season of Star Trek: Enterprise but the show was cancelled before the fifth season could be released and thus the episode never aired.

Regeneration (K-9)

"Regeneration" is an episode in the Australian/British science fiction drama television series K-9. It is the first episode of Series 1 and the first episode of the show. It features a cameo appearance from the original K-9 Mark I.

ReGeneration (2010 film)

ReGeneration is a 2010 American documentary film written and directed by Phillip Montgomery that looks at the issues facing today's youth and young adults, and the influences that contribute to America's current culture of apathy toward to political and social causes.

Regeneration (Haggard book)

Regeneration: Being an Account of the Social Work of the Salvation Army in Great Britain is a 1910 non fiction book by H Rider Haggard.

Regeneration (Stanley Cowell album)

Regeneration is an album by Stanley Cowell recorded in 1975 and first released on the Strata-East label.

Regeneration (sculpture)

Regeneration is an outdoor 1975 concrete sculpture designed by Alan Collins, located on the Andrews University campus in Berrien Springs, Michigan, United States.

Regeneration (The Divine Comedy album)

Regeneration is the seventh studio album by The Divine Comedy - and their first for Parlophone/ EMI - released on 12 March 2001. Three singles were released from the album: "Love What You Do", "Bad Ambassador" and "Perfect Lovesong", the latter failing to make top 40.

Produced by Nigel Godrich, known for his work with Radiohead, this album is distinctly different from Neil Hannon's other work and was darker in tone than what The Divine Comedy's listeners had come to expect. It leans towards more stripped-down, sombre tunes than the catchy, orchestral-driven songs for which the band are best known. In this respect, the album is slightly reminiscent of the debut Fanfare for the Comic Muse. It is a more group-concentrated effort, hence the more organic sound.

Regeneration (Doctor Who)

In the long running British science fiction television series Doctor Who, regeneration is a biological ability exhibited by the Time Lords, a race of fictional humanoids originating on the planet Gallifrey. This process allows a Time Lord who is old, wounded or otherwise dying to undergo a transformation into a new physical form and a somewhat different personality. The process has been used eleven times throughout the history of the franchise as a device for introducing a new actor for the lead role of its main character, the Doctor. The current incarnation of the Doctor is played by Peter Capaldi, following the regeneration of the Eleventh Doctor (portrayed by Matt Smith) during the 2013 Christmas special " The Time of the Doctor". Other Time Lords and similar characters have also regenerated, for various reasons, sometimes with change of actors.

Regeneration (theology)

Regeneration, while sometimes perceived to be a step in the Ordo salutis ('order of salvation'), is generally understood in Christian theology to be the objective work of God in a believer's life. Spiritually, it means that God brings Christians to new life from a previous state of separation from God and subjection to the decay of death ( Ephesians 2:4). Thus, in Lutheran and Roman Catholic theology, it generally means that which takes place during the baptism.

While the exact Greek noun "rebirth" or "regeneration" appears just twice in the New Testament ( Matthew and Titus ), regeneration represents a wider theme of re-creation and spiritual rebirth. Furthermore, there is the sense in which regeneration includes the concept "being born again" ( John and 1 Peter ).

Regeneration (Portugal)

In the history of Portugal, the Regeneration ( Portuguese - Regeneração) is the name given to the period of the Portuguese Constitutional Monarchy after the military insurrection of 1 May 1851 that caused the end of Costa Cabral's tenure and of the Septembrist government. Despite the ministry that resulted from the strike, presided over by marshal Saldanha, the main person of the Regeneration was Fontes Pereira de Melo. Although it cannot be delimited definitely in the time, the period of the Regeneration endured for about 17 years, ending with the Janeirinha revolt in 1868, which brought the Reformist Party to power. The Regeneration was characterized by attempts to develop the country economically and modernize it, and the associated stringent fiscal measures.

Regeneration (ecology)

Not only single organisms are capable of regeneration. Ecosystems are regenerative as well, although not on a cellular level but rather - as a complex system composed of myriads of organisms and their habitat - on the level of interactions of whole populations and their environment.

Resilience to minor disturbances is one characteristic feature of healthy ecosystems. Following major (lethal) disturbances, such as a fire or pest outbreak in a forest, an immediate return to the previous dynamic equilibrium will not be possible. Instead, pioneering species will occupy, compete for space, and establish themselves in the newly opened habitat. The new growth of seedlings and community assembly process is known as regeneration in ecology. As ecological succession sets in, a forest will slowly regenerate towards its former state within the succession ( climax or any intermediate stage), provided that all outer parameters (climate, soil fertility availability of nutrients, animal migration paths, air pollution or the absence thereof, etc.) remain unchanged.

In certain regions like Australia, natural wildfire is a necessary condition for a cyclically stable ecosystem with cyclic regeneration.

Usage examples of "regeneration".

I hid Marcoline in a large cupboard, and then putting on my dressing-gown I went to the marchioness to inform her that Selenis had fixed the next day for the hour of regeneration, and that we must be careful to finish before the hour of the moon began, as otherwise the operation would be annulled or at least greatly enfeebled.

Asia and America, the most striking is that offered by the Mexican mythology in the cosmogonical fiction of the periodical destructions and regenerations of the universe.

She herself asked the question imploring Paralis not to delay the time of her regeneration, even though the Undine were lacking, since she could very well bathe herself.

Thus it happens that this university of Naples, in which the illustrious representative of the classic school of criminology realized the necessity of its regeneration, and in which Bovio foresaw its sterility, has younger teachers now who keep alive the fire of the positivist tendency in criminal science, such as Penta, Zuccarelli, and others, whom you know.

First Consul to intimate to foreign powers, while at the same time he assured himself against the return of the Bourbons, that the system which he proposed to adopt was a system of order and regeneration, unlike either the demagogic violence of the Convention or the imbecile artifice of the Directory.

Spirit, 505 Which none see by but those that bear it: A light that falls down from on high, For spiritual trades to cozen by An Ignis Fatuus, that bewitches And leads men into pools and ditches, 510 To make them dip themselves, and sound For Christendom in dirty pond To dive like wild-fowl for salvation, And fish to catch regeneration.

The appearance of age lay not so much in her baby-smooth skin, a dead giveaway of the most expensive sort of geriatrics regeneration, or even her obvious and extreme frailness, as in her mannerisms and behavior.

I am the all, the one, the destruction and regeneration, and the linga is my sacred symbol.

The progress of the race means much to the Negro woman, and as she goes forth adding her best energies to the uplifting of her people the work in itself will react upon her, and from a passive individual she will be a more alert and useful factor in the regeneration of her race and to the social system at large.

Obsequy of our Religion, and take upon thee a a voluntary yoake of ministrie : And when thou beginnest to serve and honour the goddes, then thou shalt feele the fruit of thy liberty : After that the great Priest had prophesied in this manner, with often breathings, he made a conclusion of his words : Then I went amongst the company of die rest and followed the procession : everie one of the people knew me, and pointing at me with their fingers, said in this sort : Behold him who is this day transformed into a man by the puissance of the soveraigne goddesse, verily he is blessed and most blessed that hath merited so great grace from heaven, as by the innocencie of his former life, and as it were by a new regeneration is reserved to the obsequie of the goddesse.

It might have been a regeneration serum, or designs for cheap alloplasty components, or even a new religion.

In particular, breakthroughs in alloplasty and regeneration ended the organ bank problem.

Simpson published an article on spontaneous amputation of the forearm and rudimentary regeneration of the hand in the fetus.

We will know which gene we have to perturb with what, or which sequences of genes we have to perturb in what temporal order, to guide the differentiation of a cancer cell to nonmalignant behavior or to apoptosis, or to guide the regeneration of some tissue.

For instance, on the third day after her regeneration, she requested me to ask Paralis where she was to die--that is, to be brought to bed.