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Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
institution
noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
an established institution (=an official organization that has existed for a long time)
▪ The incoming prime minister was critical of many established government institutions.
correctional facility/institution/centre (=a prison)
financial institution
▪ All the big financial institutions cut their interest rates today.
venerable...institutions
venerable financial institutions
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
academic
▪ He believes that industrialists have a lot to offer academic institutions in helping them to manage their resources.
▪ None the less the connections with academic scholars and institutions were essential to programs at Hull House.
▪ There is a hierarchy of academic institutions that is founded much more on their social status than on their academic reputation.
▪ Virtually every academic institution, it seemed, wanted a piece of the pie.
▪ The University of Birmingham will be the first academic institution in Britain to offer a degree course in golf.
▪ Virtually all of them see their academic institutions as complex social worlds with competing pressures and multiple tasks and goals.
▪ Our academic institutions help to maintain a flow of the kind of cultural capital on which our wider social institutions are based.
▪ Because fraternities are privately owned and run, they are for the most part beyond the jurisdiction of academic institutions.
cultural
▪ It is a city more in tune with outdoor recreation than cultural institutions, but it rains there.
▪ That study is expected to document the role of cultural institutions in creating employment and attracting businesses to New York City.
▪ Until leasing prospects improve, property owners should donate the space to nonprofit groups and cultural institutions.
▪ Her style of leadership has angered both political parties and the cultural institutions with which she deals.
▪ Family formation and family building patterns are reflections of various socio-economic and cultural institutions, traditions and conditions of development.
▪ It is a cultural institution, no less important than the Hermitage or the Bolshoi Theatre.
democratic
▪ After Franco's death at the end of 1975, the overwhelming political preoccupation was the creation of new democratic institutions.
▪ Tolerance for democracy must be cultivated to reinforce our democratic institutions.
▪ Pateman also believes political obligation can not be given expression in the liberal democratic institutions.
▪ Prussia, like Britain, had a relatively long period of effective, legitimate government before the introduction of democratic institutions.
▪ Finally, Chapter 8 examines the comparative work on democratic institutions and democratic performance.
▪ Clearly the Community is not a democratic institution.
▪ The subject orientation in political systems that have developed democratic institutions is likely to be affective and normative rather than cognitive.
educational
▪ If the leadership of educational institutions is to be effective then a number of fundamental changes are needed.
▪ Those educational institutions that do not do so may be the subject of lawsuits.
▪ Near also aims to provide comprehensive information about any attacks on academics and educational institutions around the world.
▪ They also may become superintendent of a school system or president of an educational institution.
▪ Priests and laymen of all three religions organized educational institutions and missionary propaganda.
▪ It is the only educational institution in the world that teaches aesthetic appreciation primarily through an objective method of investigation.
▪ On Jan. 18, educational institutions were closed for the winter holiday a week early.
▪ The number of educational institutions does not meet the acute needs of the region.
financial
▪ We shall deal in turn with financial institutions and financial markets.
▪ The debt will be funded through a syndicate of New Zealand and overseas financial institutions.
▪ Credit rationing is unlikely to apply to all financial institutions.
▪ Companies must work with financial institutions to boost their ability to deal on a global basis.
▪ Profitability is the major aim of banks and most other financial institutions.
▪ Besides supervising financial services, financial managers in financial institutions may advise individuals and businesses on financial planning.
▪ Customers may be forced to borrow from inefficient banks or other financial institutions, probably charging higher interest rates.
▪ The buyers of these claims are often the financial institutions, who buy them in order to hold them as assets.
high
▪ A call for collaboration between the four Thames regions and higher education institutions is made.
▪ More than eighty higher education institutions now participate in this scheme.
▪ This is the model which is most appropriate for evaluation activities within higher education institutions.
▪ The 55 students were studying at 26 different higher education institutions.
▪ Moneyfacts, the savings and loan information group, selects the following best buys from high street institutions.
▪ The work tends to be geared towards managers in higher education institutions.
▪ Knowledge elites and technical elites are now emerging from our higher education institutions.
▪ The North has a positive disproportion of higher education institutions, and so the intellectual power of centres of research.
international
▪ Much of the expansion in solar energy has been funded with loans from international lending institutions.
▪ The budget allocates $ 19. 45 billion to State Department operations, foreign aid, peacekeeping and international lending institutions.
▪ This would involve the government in thinking about the need for new international institutions to oversee such a convention.
▪ They were also expected to meet in Sarajevo with officials from international lending institutions and local government officials.
▪ Their proffered remedy, accordingly, was to reform both international institutions and domestic political structures.
▪ Though more enterprising than the norm, such guests are increasingly frequent visitors to the World Bank and other international institutions.
▪ But it has not sought to gain the backing of an official international financial institution.
▪ Many of us oppose not just these policies and the international institutions that enforce them.
large
▪ The integration of the specialist colleges of art into larger institutions like polytechnics also aroused apprehensions which added fuel to the flames.
▪ He transformed the Midland from a successful regional bank into one of the country's largest institutions.
▪ Some of the larger institutions have begun to explore new approaches.
▪ The increasing acquisition of land by large institutions reduces the number of holdings.
▪ Next, we have Walter impounded in a large mental institution with other inmates, played by real mentally handicapped people.
local
▪ There were also changes in the social and political structure that were not accommodated in existing local government institutions.
▪ Ohio has restructured its community college system so that no resident lives more than twenty minutes away from a local institution.
▪ But this development of local state institutions can be a hostage to fortune.
▪ Stop in and say good-bye to another local institution.
▪ The university and other local research institutions have been a breeding ground for many of the new companies.
▪ Particularist feeling in the duchy of Aosta was hallowed by centuries of tradition and grounded in a firm foundation of local institutions.
▪ They became increasingly outspoken in denouncing noble domination of local government institutions, and the zemstvo taxes they had to pay.
▪ Rebuilding state and local public institutions is a long, complex business.
major
▪ The church for its part acted as an administrative agency of colonial expansion and a major institution of social control.
▪ We recognize and respect the family as the major investment institution that it is. 2.
▪ But there are substantial legal problems as major financial institutions literally pick up the pieces and look to their future.
▪ First, throughout history these major institutions were the primary sources of human values.
▪ Already 70 major financial institutions and several multinational manufacturing companies have established fund management arms there.
▪ In the meantime, major institutions were also granted the power to award their own degrees.
▪ The problem was they now wanted their languages accepted within a major social institution.
▪ There is no evidence that people had any more influence on the policies of major institutions.
mental
▪ Recently escaped from the state mental institution.
▪ Thornton also stars as a mildly retarded man who returns to his hometown after 25 years in a mental institution.
▪ Subsequent investigation showed that Wingate had been interned in various mental institutions for the past seven years of his life.
▪ What movie do Brad Pitt and Willis watch in the mental institution?
▪ Next, we have Walter impounded in a large mental institution with other inmates, played by real mentally handicapped people.
▪ Crazy Rita is in a mental institution.
▪ The same goes for mental institutions and so forth.
national
▪ In short, the ration book would have become a national institution like the council house.
▪ Lobbying for government interest has meant the centralization of the process of decision-making in science in existing national policy-making institutions.
▪ The department has well-equipped laboratory facilities and houses the most advanced parallel computers as well as conducting research at national and international institutions.
▪ The interaction of local government with national institutions and central government will be considered in Chapters 9 and 10.
▪ The Labour Court, a supposedly independent party, with national institution credentials, has delivered a knockout recommendation on Bank Assistants.
▪ The museum's own commercial activities, always criticised as unsuitable for a prominent national institution, have not been very effective.
▪ It is approved by the leading national institutions and organisations.
▪ The government said that it was reorganizing and restoring morale in national anti-drug institutions.
new
▪ The Midlands was the workshop of the world and his new institution became its banker.
▪ This would involve the government in thinking about the need for new international institutions to oversee such a convention.
▪ Yet the trust was a new legal institution, developed only in Augustus' reign.
▪ In another group of cases the courts grappled somewhat variously with a new institution.
▪ Rather than create a new institution, is it not more feasible to improve our existing one, the police?
▪ They had established new institutions, new parties, soviets, and unions.
▪ Begun in 1679, the new institution was opened on 21 May 1683.
▪ Any new institutions which may be established will, no doubt, be unique to particular situations and objectives.
other
▪ The effect of this, of course, is to shift the shortage of liquidity to other institutions, here the discount houses.
▪ As with other institutions in the Third World education has been heavily influenced by colonialism.
▪ Some assets, such as money lent at call to other financial institutions, are highly liquid.
▪ This would then stimulate other institutions to change their rates too, in order for them to remain competitive with the clearing banks.
▪ I think this participation is unique; so many other institutions lack this.
▪ Frequently Ruth wondered why he hadn't ended up in borstal or some other institution.
▪ A number of other institutions have recently applied for corporate membership.
political
▪ Class interests are often regarded as playing a major role in the way political institutions develop.
▪ The United States' political institutions were in suspended animation.
▪ Can the Third World politically challenge the statusquo or are its political institutions similarly under-developed?
▪ Citizens are not permitted to question the political institutions, procedures, or value allocations of an authoritarian regime.
▪ Perhaps we had best ask ourselves why our political institutions function as they do.
▪ If the churches are losing membership and income offerings, political institutions have suffered an even greater loss of confidence.
▪ Religious, educational and political institutions all play a part in the process of socialization and social control.
▪ But spontaneous vigour of citizens and of political and religious institutions was not, happily, any longer felt to be sufficient.
private
▪ The family itself is a self-contained, almost private, institution - a world to itself.
▪ Technicians will be employed to develop educational and training materials for programs at all levels in public and private educational institutions.
▪ HENLEY-NEDERLAND Henley-Nederland is an independent, private institution and a recognised educational establishment.
▪ Oglethorpe was still a conservative, private institution ruled by those who were determined to keep it that way.
▪ Professional staff and institutional workers are exploited whether in government or private institutions.
▪ One advantage often cited is the choice of courses offered by private institutions and the individual attention that professors lavish on students.
▪ It is not insignificant that private economic institutions rarely take Western political institutions as their model for decision-making.
▪ For this reason alone, it is not very popular with private state-sector research institutions.
public
▪ More generally, the instinctive drive for self-preservation led to the emergence of a range of public and governmental institutions.
▪ Unlike City College, very few of these public institutions practiced selective admissions policies.
▪ In 1989, a government decree banned the creation of any new posts in public sector institutions and companies.
▪ Another argument for including cameras is that our public institutions must learn to accommodate them-selves to new technologies.
▪ With increasing, incompetent social engineering in schools and other public institutions?
▪ An increasing number of public institutions have attempted to do so, using a private sector discipline known as strategic planning.
▪ Other public institutions were put to the sword elsewhere.
▪ And yet traditional public institutions still offer one-size-fits-all services.
religious
▪ In these years he was frequently a proctor for prelates and religious institutions in Parliament.
▪ Bishop Drausin founded several religious institutions, including a chapel for nuns who had taken ill and a monastery at Rethondes.
▪ But spontaneous vigour of citizens and of political and religious institutions was not, happily, any longer felt to be sufficient.
▪ It comes as President Bush advances a plan to increase the involvement of religious institutions in solving social problems.
▪ The final obstacle was a disagreement between Shas and Mafdal over the distribution of funds to their client religious institutions.
▪ It is also true that he accorded certain privileges to the Roman Church, as well as to other religious institutions.
▪ Here, they drew on Hegel's account of religious doctrines and institutions as symbolic objectifications of that spirit.
social
▪ Here we need to rely on our social scientific knowledge about our own legal and social institutions.
▪ As a social institution, marriage transcends all individuals.
▪ The major functions of social institutions are those which help to meet the functional prerequisites of society.
▪ They put more social and economic institutions into motion.
▪ Donating blood was an example of a social institution that embodied non-selfish actions by individuals without demeaning the recipient.
▪ Any careful cost-benefit analysis will show that every social practice and institution has limitations and presents difficulties as well as opportunities.
▪ In the last chapter we looked at how the social institution of marriage has changed at different times in history.
▪ Language is a social institution of a kind; and self-evidently it is open to all sorts of change.
young
▪ Campsfield House, a former young offenders' institution has been refurbished for the Immigration Service.
▪ Sentence: three years' detention in a young offender institution.
▪ Dines is already serving thirty months at a young offenders' institution for robbery.
▪ So far, he's had his licence endorsed and spent 28 days in a young offenders institution.
▪ There are at present opportunities to undertake agricultural and horticultural work in the open air at 23 young offender institutions.
▪ Judge William Hannah sentenced Elsdon to 21 months and Cook to 19 months, both in a young offenders' institution.
▪ The correct sentence would have been nine months' detention in a young offender institution, and that sentence would be substituted.
▪ They say the centre, to be based at a former young offenders institution, will treat refugees as criminals.
■ NOUN
education
▪ On the other hand, there were grave limitations in using existing adult education institutions for radical education and action.
▪ A call for collaboration between the four Thames regions and higher education institutions is made.
▪ More than eighty higher education institutions now participate in this scheme.
▪ In its second phase, a number of the techniques will be tested within a selected number of Higher Education institutions.
▪ This is the model which is most appropriate for evaluation activities within higher education institutions.
▪ Anyone with experience of floppy disks and education institutions will realise the problems inherent in this scheme.
▪ The 55 students were studying at 26 different higher education institutions.
▪ The work tends to be geared towards managers in higher education institutions.
research
▪ This is normal procedure inmost research institutions.
▪ They recognize that co-operation between industry and research institutions is beneficial in raising productivity and enhancing competitiveness.
▪ It is rapidly becoming one of those elite research institutions some academics are looking for to improve the quality of research.
▪ His sights also are set on putting Clark Atlanta University on the global map as a research institution.
▪ The objective is to re-position the University as a strong teaching and research institution.
▪ Each country runs a national network that links to a host computer in a research institution that acts as a national hub.
▪ The university and other local research institutions have been a breeding ground for many of the new companies.
▪ These networks connect universities and research institutions at data transmission speeds ranging from 64 kilobits per second to 2 megabits per second.
state
▪ Should they necessarily be restricted to electoral variations, or even to activity around state institutions such as local government?
▪ This is a private hospital, not a state institution, and your sister committed you with-out any stipulations as to time.
▪ Yield-enhancing innovations are usually the only ones available through the network of state institutions.
▪ There was no point in being a mere political reformer intent on changing laws and state institutions to make social conditions better.
▪ But this development of local state institutions can be a hostage to fortune.
▪ Clergy have a prime role in setting up schools and a favoured position of direct relationships with the appropriate state institutions.
▪ The military first came to power in 1962 and abolished all state institutions in 1988.
■ VERB
create
▪ Rather than create a new institution, is it not more feasible to improve our existing one, the police?
▪ So perhaps another way to foster a more sustainable gay culture would be to create institutions that promote intergenerational interaction.
▪ An appropriate ranking is achieved by creating two sets of institutions.
▪ Modern selfhood is created and regulated by institutions, child-rearing, and ongoing socialization that enforce the modern order.
▪ By the end of the century, architects, accountants and engineers had all created their own professional institutions.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ a financial institution
▪ A major study of women and heart disease is being carried out by the Johns Hopkins Medical Institution.
▪ Children in these institutions do not receive good care because the government cannot afford it.
▪ Church leaders are meeting this week to discuss ways of preserving the institution of marriage.
▪ the institution of marriage
▪ The change in the law has been welcomed by banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions.
▪ Tokyo University is the most important educational institution in Japan.
▪ Trading in ivory had become an institution in this part of Africa.
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Institution

Institution \In`sti*tu"tion\, n. [L. institutio: cf. F. institution.]

  1. The act or process of instituting; as:

    1. Establishment; foundation; enactment; as, the institution of a school.

      The institution of God's law is described as being established by solemn injunction.
      --Hooker.

    2. Instruction; education. [Obs.]
      --Bentley.

    3. (Eccl. Law) The act or ceremony of investing a clergyman with the spiritual part of a benefice, by which the care of souls is committed to his charge.
      --Blackstone.

  2. That which instituted or established; as:

    1. Established order, method, or custom; enactment; ordinance; permanent form of law or polity.

      The nature of our people, Our city's institutions.
      --Shak.

    2. An established or organized society or corporation; an establishment, especially of a public character, or affecting a community; a foundation; as, a literary institution; a charitable institution; also, a building or the buildings occupied or used by such organization; as, the Smithsonian Institution.

    3. Anything forming a characteristic and persistent feature in social or national life or habits.

      We ordered a lunch (the most delightful of English institutions, next to dinner) to be ready against our return.
      --Hawthorne.

  3. That which institutes or instructs; a textbook; a system of elements or rules; an institute. [Obs.]

    There is another manuscript, of above three hundred years old, . . . being an institution of physic.
    --Evelyn.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
institution

c.1400, "action of establishing or founding (a system of government, a religious order, etc.)," from Old French institucion "foundation; thing established," from Latin institutionem (nominative institutio) "disposition, arrangement; instruction, education," noun of state from institutus (see institute). Meaning "established law or practice" is from 1550s. Meaning "establishment or organization for the promotion of some charity" is from 1707.

Wiktionary
institution

n. 1 An established organisation, especially one dedicated to education, public service, culture or the care of the destitute, poor etc. 2 The building which houses such an organisation. 3 A custom or practice of a society or community, marriage for example. 4 (context informal English) A person long established with a certain place or position. 5 The act of instituting. 6 (context obsolete English) That which institutes or instructs; a textbook or system of elements or rules.

WordNet
institution
  1. n. an organization founded and united for a specific purpose [syn: establishment]

  2. an establishment consisting of a building or complex of buildings where an organization for the promotion of some cause is situated

  3. a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society; "the institution of marriage"; "the institution of slavery"; "he had become an institution in the theater"

  4. the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new; "she looked forward to her initiation as an adult"; "the foundation of a new scientific society"; "he regards the fork as a modern introduction" [syn: initiation, founding, foundation, origination, creation, innovation, introduction, instauration]

  5. a hospital for mentally incompetent or unbalanced person [syn: mental hospital, psychiatric hospital, mental institution, mental home, insane asylum, asylum]

Wikipedia
Institution

Institutions are "stable, valued, recurring patterns of behavior." As structures or mechanisms of social order, they govern the behaviour of a set of individuals within a given community. Institutions are identified with a social purpose, transcending individuals and intentions by mediating the rules that govern living behavior.

The term "institution" commonly applies to both informal institutions such as customs or behavior pattern important to a society, and to particular formal institutions created by entities such as the government and public services. Primary or meta-institutions are institutions such as the family that are broad enough to encompass other institutions.

As structures and mechanisms of social order, institutions are a principal object of study in social sciences such as political science, anthropology, economics, and sociology (the latter described by Émile Durkheim as the "science of institutions, their genesis and their functioning"). Institutions are also a central concern for law, the formal mechanism for political rule-making and enforcement.

Institution (disambiguation)

Institutions are social constructs, both cultural and organizational.

Institution or institutions may also refer to:

  • Formal organizations
  • The buildings maintained by such organizations, particularly:
    • Mental asylums
    • Jails
  • Institutions in computer science
Institution (computer science)

The notion of institution has been created by Joseph Goguen and Rod Burstall in the late 1970s in order to deal with the "population explosion among the logical systems used in computer science". The notion tries to capture the essence of the concept of "logical system".

The use of institutions makes it possible to develop concepts of specification languages (like structuring of specifications, parameterization, implementation, refinement, development), proof calculi and even tools in a way completely independent of the underlying logical system. There are also morphisms that allow to relate and translate logical systems. Important applications of this are re-use of logical structure (also called borrowing), heterogeneous specification and combination of logics.

The spread of institutional model theory has generalized various notions and results of model theory and institutions themselves have impacted the progress of universal logic.

Usage examples of "institution".

Massachusetts man, when he comes into Mississippi, adopts our opinions and our institutions, and frequently becomes the most extreme man among us.

In that dreadful day, thought the Algonkins, when in anger Michabo will send a mortal pestilence to destroy the nations, or, stamping his foot on the ground, flames will burst forth to consume the habitable land, only a pair, or only, at most, those who have maintained inviolate the institutions he ordained, will he protect and preserve to inhabit the new world he will then fabricate.

The noblest institutions in this part of Spain, the best inventions for comfortable and agreeable living, and all those habitudes and customs which throw a peculiar and Oriental charm over the Andalusian mode of living may be traced to the Moors.

I have shewn that the Cunocephali were a sacred college, whose members were persons of great learning: and their society seems to have been a very antient institution.

Ometvreheem are allowed outside their homes, in very specific areas where females usually work, such as teaching institutions for females where the teachers are females or almehneht, health care facilities where the doctors and other health attendants are female or almehneht, and other social or work related fields where there are no males, just female and almehneht.

Though he depended on the attachment of the soldiers, who loved him for virtues like their own, he was conscious that his mean and barbarian origin, his savage appearance, and his total ignorance of the arts and institutions of civil life, formed a very unfavorable contrast with the amiable manners of the unhappy Alexander.

This institution makes it a practice to accept a small number of students who are not New Atlantan subjects.

Bad money is so common in Naples that Uncle John never accepted any change from anyone, but obtained all his silver coins and notes directly from the Banca Commerciale Italiana, a government institution.

Late on the night of September 19, Governor Barnett, flanked by Order of Battle71 two beefy Highway Patrol bodyguards, strode into a secret strategy meeting of the Board of Trustees of Institutions of Higher Learning in a conference room at the University Medical Center in Oxford.

We certainly do recognize the need to insist on the creative powers of virtuality, but this Bergsonian discourse is insufficient for us insofar as we also need to insist on the reality of the being created, its ontological weight, and the institutions that structure the world, creating necessity out of contingency.

It would mean added fame for The Norwich Institute of Biomedical Research and Technology, an already famous institution.

And it was natural to consider imported blacks as slaves, even if the institution of slavery would not be regularized and legalized for several decades.

Association Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions Article VI, Membership Rights, Section 3, Paragraph D: Children are not permitted to live within the boundaries of Bonita Vista or on any of the Properties herein, the sole exception being those persons under age eighteen who were already living with their families prior to the institution of this restriction.

Moreover, the monastery at Brno where he lived from 1843 was known as a learned institution.

The following month the remnant of the community made their submission, and the London Charterhouse, as a monastic institution, ceased to exist.