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competition
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
competition
noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a talent contest/show/competition
▪ Don’t assume winning a talent contest is a passport to success.
Competition Commission, the
fierce competition
▪ fierce competition between the companies
intense competition
▪ There is intense competition for places on the course.
international trade/market/competition
keen competition
▪ We won the contest in the face of keen competition.
stiff competition/opposition
▪ Graduates face stiff competition in getting jobs.
win a competition
▪ The competition was won by a team from Surrey.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
direct
▪ They try to minimize electronics imports from each other and are often in direct competition in export markets.
▪ Many of the companies appear to have avoided direct competition in the computer or semiconductor market by staking out a profitable niche.
▪ Cart transport survived both in direct competition on shorter routes and by taking goods to and from railway stations.
▪ The Justice Department must consider whether dry kibble and those waxy, doggy burger meals provide direct competition with canned food.
▪ This will put the public provider in direct and healthy competition with its private counterparts.
fierce
▪ The first two impressions of the report sell out before publication, and there is fierce competition for the paperback rights.
▪ One reason is obvious: fierce competition from Microsoft.
▪ In reality, the females are locked in fierce and intense competition.
▪ The situation changed when the recession of the early 1990s led to much fiercer international competition and emphasis on cost-cutting.
▪ There were few secondary schools in Rhodesia in the early 1950s so there was fierce competition for places.
▪ The result for customers could be fierce price competition and an explosion of service options.
▪ Remember, too, that he is hardly ever a monopolist: he works in fierce competition with fellow scalpers.
▪ The fiercest competition of all, therefore, is between the rival television channels.
foreign
▪ Instead both firms were to compete in the market against one another and against foreign competition.
▪ For Peter Pan is foreign competition.
▪ The main causes are new products, new technology and foreign competition.
▪ As the production of automobiles by domestic manufacturers fell due to foreign competition, Ramsey lost orders.
▪ Heavy industry was quailing before foreign competition, but the decline in traditional female areas of work was less steep.
▪ While other larger steel producers had struggled and often failed against foreign competition, Nucor succeeded.
▪ Freeing trade curbs domestic giants by exposing them to foreign competition.
▪ This will result in downward pressure on prices as domestic firms face foreign competition.
free
▪ First, interest rates are not to be left to market forces and free competition.
▪ It preserves the principles of consumer choice and free competition.
▪ But they told us: We welcome free and open competition in the ice cream market.
▪ They lie not in state socialist utopianism but in a respect for free competition.
▪ Cricket was even less open to the winds of free competition.
▪ They distorted the sacrosanct free play of competition.
▪ The era of free competition in the capitalist economy is over in all areas and in all respects.
▪ In a free market, competition drives prices down to the fair market price, with different prices on each street corner.
global
▪ Shortening product life cycles and rapid product proliferation mean that investment in innovation is critical in global competition.
▪ And that is where the new global economic competition must be waged and be won or lost.
▪ But global competition, by itself, is not necessarily enough.
▪ That is already true not only for ordinary workers who have felt the lash of the new global competition.
▪ Table 2.1 suggests, in simplified form, the changing factors that have shifted particular industries at different times towards global competition.
great
▪ The single market and economic and monetary union will expose regions and firms to greater competition.
▪ The Equity Issue Perhaps the greatest objection to competition between schools is based on a concern for equity.
▪ The Government said it would widen choice for viewers and listeners, safeguard quality programming and bring greater competition and efficiency.
▪ Is greater competition a good thing?
▪ One reason for this change is the greater competition among banks and the more aggressive lending policies that ensue.
▪ It is sustained by the greater desire of men to perform it and by their greater aptitude for competition.
▪ These include greater competition between financial institutions for deposits.
▪ And in the face of a challenge far greater than athletic competition, she never lost her composure.
increased
▪ The figure was blamed on warm weather, increased competition and the recession.
▪ They did so under pressure of increased competition.
▪ Hopefully increased competition will stimulate a more rapid rate of innovation.
▪ It blames the redundancies on increased competition in the industry, but unions say there's no justification for the job losses.
▪ The increased level of competition between banks and building societies led to a greater degree of diversification of products.
▪ They have also had to face greatly increased competition both to get into drama school and into the profession.
▪ Of equal or greater importance than earnings in assessing the impact of increased fee competition is the impact on profit margins.
▪ During this decade, whilst there was increased competition, comparatively few policyholders decided to change underwriters with one particular exception.
intense
▪ The was particularly marked among former scheme port operators, where 67 percent reported more intense competition.
▪ Of course, there is intense competition among the London brokerage houses to signal their bids as fast as possible.
▪ Obviously there is intense competition from banks and building societies. 5.
▪ Adequate though not ideal for earlier times, they are thoroughly unsatisfactory in an era of intense competition.
▪ Between 200 and 300 new commercial stations could come on air in the 1990s and intense competition for advertising revenue is inevitable.
▪ To listen to Paul you would think there was an intense competition for class speaking time.
▪ Such things help to strike the ideal balance of intense competition, good fun and true rugby friendship.
▪ There was intense competition among companies to travel with Brown on his overseas trips, which frequently generated major deals.
international
▪ Moreover, the forces of international competition deal very harshly with failure, and failure c. can not be concealed.
▪ Such considerations also apply in international competition between large firms.
▪ The situation changed when the recession of the early 1990s led to much fiercer international competition and emphasis on cost-cutting.
▪ And this week has seen the launch of a new international singing competition in memory of Peter Pears.
▪ Increased international competition almost certainly contributed to holding down profit margins.
▪ I have discussed international competition, but of course there are also competitive pressures within the national economy.
▪ Third, all three continued to be engaged in international competition.
national
▪ Read in studio A Primary school has won a national competition to produce their own newspaper.
▪ John Monnett turned down a chance to take part in a national cheerleading competition in Florida next week.
▪ In both cases national competition laws will have to be complied with.
▪ With a national competition there will be some very valuable regional coverage to organise.
▪ Of the six national schools age-group competitions held this season, the Whitburn club has won five.
▪ The country's top paragliding experts were staging a national competition ... the first time it's been held in the region.
▪ Ultimately you may be able to take part in national obedience competitions.
▪ The railways were vital in facilitating pigeon-racing. National competitions entailed special trains to carry the birds to the agreed starting points.
open
▪ There is no system of open competition: the grant of articles, like kissing, goes by favour.
▪ The Communications Ministry said last month national and international long-distance markets would be open to competition this December.
▪ But they told us: We welcome free and open competition in the ice cream market.
▪ He survived a week of open competition from junior Tim Wolleck, but maybe not for long.
▪ The financial sector prepared itself for full deregulation and open competition with foreign institutions.
▪ BThis monopoly protection will end once the doors of the electric power business fully open to competition over the next few years.
▪ Roosevelt, like Churchill, saw the significance of postwar civil aviation, and believed in free and open competition.
▪ Also routes were not open to competition.
perfect
▪ The need to relax the assumptions of perfect competition, and that the economy has attained equilibrium, is apparent.
▪ Integrating transport costs into a general equilibrium trade model is a messy affair even with constant returns and perfect competition.
▪ The great claim made for perfect competition is that it leads to efficiency.
▪ The reason for this is probably that it implies oligopolies that behave in a way intermediate between perfect competition and monopoly.
▪ While learning this, the novice student also learns that perfect competition does not exist.
▪ Still central to much of contemporary price theory is the model of perfect competition.
▪ What happens under perfect competition to the after-tax distribution of income may therefore be ambiguous.
▪ Hence with our present framework perfect competition does not necessarily imply an efficient set of firms.
stiff
▪ Both projects, which were won against stiff competition, are for offshore fixed installations for Abu Dhabi based company Adma Opco.
▪ Superior products would evolve and stiff competition would sprout up as Roundup patent protections expired around the globe.
▪ For the male, it is a stiff competition, but even the strongest can be unwittingly foiled.
▪ Some worry that certain pieces of the technology business could be hurt by a slowing economy and stiff price competition.
▪ Whether the high jumper can requalify against stiff competition depends in large part upon the other big change: her takeoff.
▪ In Edinburgh, she will face her stiffest competition of the season.
▪ The planned deregulation has bred concern that Petron will face stiffer competition and an erosion of its 42 percent market share.
strong
▪ This boom in fast food is providing strong competition for both staff restaurants and school meal services.
▪ If it wasn't up against such strong competition, it would have been an award winner.
▪ Ipswich Town could run away with the title but there is strong competition for the second spot.
▪ More trade and stronger competition will keep prices in check.
▪ Private sector firms tend to be more efficient than public sector firms, provided both operate in markets facing strong competition.
unfair
▪ Crompton offers several different case studies where charges of unfair competition are made by the commercial sector provider against the government agency.
▪ Uniformity avoided the unfair economic competition which might have resulted if the setting of standards had been left to the states.
▪ It was felt by John Davis and others that the government was backing unfair competition with the commercial companies.
▪ It's unfair competition and unfair to the customer as well.
▪ This is successful marketing, not unfair competition.
▪ Part of the growth of road transport reflected the political tolerance of what unions and rail pressure groups regarded as unfair competition.
▪ It represents totally unfair competition, not only to Tennis World but also to Tennis Magazine.
■ NOUN
cup
▪ And the Chesterfield game will be his 61st in League Cup competition.
▪ To qualify for the Olympics, each country must have two shooters who have won first place in World Cup competition.
▪ Leeds are compiling an atrocious record in recent cup competitions.
▪ The Euro Cup competition links together a series of Continental races, with a points-scoring system producing an overall winner.
▪ Start Cup - Starts the cup competition.
▪ That means the Bangor club have lifted a double-double in league championship and cup competition this season.
▪ In one of the major cup competitions they have been given home advantage against first division Coventry.
policy
▪ It is that the appropriate design of policy and policy institutions is crucial to a successful competition policy.
▪ If the answer is entry barriers, this again demonstrates the close relation between industrial policy and competition policy.
▪ However, an effective competition policy needs power to control mergers because of the serious damage they may inflict on competition.
▪ There are at least three schools of thought about what competition policy is seeking to achieve.
▪ Throughout the whole of competition policy there is a presumption that intervention is justified in order to preserve the public interest.
▪ Our focus here is on the use of competition policy to achieve the same ends.
▪ There are three ways in which competition policy might be used to promote the interests of domestic producers.
▪ Yet the government as promoter at times conflicted with the government as regulator, particularly in the area of competition policy.
price
▪ That judgement accepted that there is price competition between beers and wines.
▪ As for price competition, it is about as real and intelligible as it is in the life insurance or banking fields.
▪ Secondly, the competition of economic theory is cast solely in terms of price competition and narrowly defined profit maximisation.
▪ The reason is that the on-line world is seeing the start of some serious price competition.
▪ As one would expect from this market structure, firms have tended to avoid price competition.
▪ Another kind of price competition between supermarkets is in the extent and diversity of private label offerings, so-called store brands.
▪ Therefore price competition between them for the right to sell to the retailers would drive price to marginal cost.
▪ Some worry that certain pieces of the technology business could be hurt by a slowing economy and stiff price competition.
rule
▪ The offer will face scrutiny under competition rules.
▪ The competition rules must be regarded as a double-edged sword by businesses.
▪ Unhindered by the country's lax competition rules, they built up complex webs of cross-shareholdings across an astonishing array of businesses.
▪ Usual Daily Mirror competition rules apply.
▪ Usual Echo competition rules apply. 1.
▪ However, the Commission took a practical view of the effect of such restrictions in assessing their compatibility with the competition rules.
▪ At the moment the offer is being considered by the Office of Fair Trading to see whether it complies with competition rules.
▪ Normal News International competition rules apply.
■ VERB
enter
▪ To enter our competition, just answer this question.
▪ Theater is bound to lose if it enters that competition.
▪ They never entered the textbooks in competition with the ideas of the central tradition.
▪ Details of an easy to enter competition, open to all youngsters 14 and under, will appear in tomorrow's Echo.
▪ They might have entered competitions sponsored by local companies to provide innovative solutions to real-world problems.
▪ They formed a partnership solely to enter the competition, and did no other work together.
▪ To enter our super competition simply answer this question: What is the name of Marillion's lead singer?
face
▪ Investors say both have improved their services since they started to face serious competition.
▪ As the new version of Navigator goes on sale Friday, Netscape is facing the toughest competition of its young life.
▪ Will those relying on the home market, particularly in the public sector, be ready to face the new competition?
▪ The home-improvement retailer, facing rising competition in the Northeast, has been struggling with liquidity problems and a sour retail environment.
▪ In Edinburgh, she will face her stiffest competition of the season.
▪ The planned deregulation has bred concern that Petron will face stiffer competition and an erosion of its 42 percent market share.
▪ Private sector firms tend to be more efficient than public sector firms, provided both operate in markets facing strong competition.
▪ The company was facing stiff competition and losing market share.
hold
▪ Once again we're holding a competition ... to find the best picture of 1993.
▪ It held freshmen out of competition to give them an extra year to grow and mature.
▪ Some karate associations hold competitions for 12 year olds.
▪ If will also hold competitions among its members.
▪ As the debate continued, it was decided to hold a competition to find a suitable and generally agreed plan.
increase
▪ It states that the best way to improve public services is to increase competition.
▪ And as the electric industry is deregulated and marches toward increased competition, inefficient utilities could get clobbered.
▪ The prime aim of the privatisation is to increase competition, efficiency and service to the consumer.
▪ Mr Maher said he had received assurances from the Government that new legislation on increasing competition would apply to the book agreement.
▪ This stopped after the bad winter of 1962-3 in the face of increasing competition from road transport on the new motorway system.
▪ Although many analysts like its software programs, the company faces increasing competition from giants such as Microsoft Corp.
launch
▪ It has also launched a competition for young members to design slogans suitable for texting.
▪ Her parents launched the competition to train young people about the dangers of motor vehicles.
▪ Now it has launched a series of competitions to select the best ways of filling the gaps in Britain's armoury.
run
▪ Red Devil energy drink and Welcome Break service stations are running a competition to win the bike.
▪ He had the entertaining idea of running a competition, and he advertised for experts in games theory to submit strategies.
▪ For the next three months, the museum's running a competition to find new cartooning talent.
▪ Company magazine has actually run competitions for the most unusual and creative space bought in the magazine.
▪ Wyre Borough Council's community services department is running the competition.
▪ There is a habit of running down the competition rather than extolling the virtues of their own ranges.
win
▪ She won a beauty competition in her local newspaper in 1981 after being nominated by a neighbour.
▪ What makes his winning the Cliburn competition particularly fascinating is his unconventional background.
▪ Kristi Yamaguchi, the defending national pro champion, won in the ladies competition.
▪ Ten copies of the video must be won in our easy-to-enter competition.
▪ The people who win the competition and a certain amount of runners-up receive rosettes and at bigger competitions they receive cups.
▪ Ever since I won a short-story competition some years ago I've wanted to write for magazines.
▪ Yesterday I won the first competition, I've ever won in my life!
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
hot competition
▪ Last year put two disturbed women into hot competition.
▪ Often, as in household products or industrial chemicals, hot competition among affiliates of big multinationals ensures both growth and cost-competitiveness.
▪ Teams are in hot competition to design computers that not only assist the study of nature, but are natural themselves.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ Competition for these jobs is very tough - we had over 200 applicants.
▪ a photography competition
▪ A spelling bee is a competition in which people try to correctly spell words.
▪ A student from St. Paul won the speechwriting competition.
▪ Enter our free competition and win a weekend in Paris.
▪ He was awarded first prize in the National Poetry Competition.
▪ Hotels in the downtown area were in direct competition with each other.
▪ The company developing the site had held a competition to find a master-planner.
▪ The show's ratings are far behind the competition.
▪ There's a lot of competition between the big supermarket chains.
▪ There is fierce competition for places on the Olympic team.
▪ They're holding a competition to come up with a name for the new bridge.
▪ Today television networks face increasing competition from cable programming.
▪ Weak management and cut-throat competition put the company out of business.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ During the year, the competition had involved over 300 teams and 1,500 competitors in the four home countries.
▪ For instance volunteer groups create external benefits by improving the appearance of the environment, through best-kept village competitions or reclaiming old canals.
▪ He asked whether competition between the old private companies and the newly privatised ones is fair.
▪ Several hundred Directives associated with competition have now been brought into effect.
▪ The competition begins at 11 a.m.
▪ Theater is bound to lose if it enters that competition.
▪ This emphasises a further point to which domestic competition authorities need to apply their minds.
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Competition

Competition \Com`pe*ti"tion\, n. [L. competition. See Compete.] The act of seeking, or endeavoring to gain, what another is endeavoring to gain at the same time; common strife for the same objects; strife for superiority; emulous contest; rivalry, as for approbation, for a prize, or as where two or more persons are engaged in the same business and each seeking patronage; -- followed by for before the object sought, and with before the person or thing competed with.

Competition to the crown there is none, nor can be.
--Bacon.

A portrait, with which one of Titian's could not come in competition.
--Dryden.

There is no competition but for the second place.
--Dryden.

Where competition does not act at all there is complete monopoly.
--A. T. Hadley.

Syn: Emulation; rivalry; rivalship; contest; struggle; contention; opposition; jealousy. See Emulation.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
competition

c.1600, "action of competing," from Latin competitionem (nominative competitio) "agreement, rivalry," noun of action from past participle stem of competere (see compete). Meaning "a contest for something" is from 1610s. Sense of "rivalry in the marketplace" attested from 1793; that of "entity or entities with which one competes" is from 1961, especially in business.

Wiktionary
competition

n. (label en uncountable) The action of compete .

Related phrases:
WordNet
competition

  1. n. a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers; "business competition can be fiendish at times"

  2. an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants [syn: contest]

  3. the act of competing as for profit or a prize; "the teams were in fierce contention for first place" [syn: contention, rivalry] [ant: cooperation]

  4. the contestant you hope to defeat; "he had respect for his rivals"; "he wanted to know what the competition was doing" [syn: rival, challenger, competitor, contender]

Related phrases:
Wikipedia
Competition

Competition is in general a term commonly applied in both the biological sciences and the economics sciences. Competition in biology and sociology, is a contest between two or more organisms, animals, individuals, groups, etc., for territory, a niche, for a location of resources, for resources and goods, for mates, for prestige, for recognition, for awards, for group or social status, or for leadership. Competition is the opposite of cooperation. It arises whenever at least two parties strive for a goal which cannot be shared or which is desired individually but not in sharing and cooperation. Competition occurs naturally between living organisms which co-exist in the same environment.Keddy, P.A. 2001.

Competition, 2nd ed., Kluwer, Dordrecht. 552 p. For example, animals compete over water supplies, food, mates, and other biological resources. Humans usually compete for food and mates, though when these needs are met deep rivalries often arise over the pursuit of wealth, power, prestige, and fame.

Competition is also a major tenet of market economies and business It is often associated with business competition as most companies are in competition with at least one other firm over the same group of customers. Also competition inside a company is usually stimulated with the larger purpose of meeting and reaching higher quality of services or improved products that the company may produce or develop.

Competition (disambiguation)

Competition is any rivalry between two or more parties.

Competition may also refer to:

  • Competition (biology), interaction between living things in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another
  • Competition (economics), two or more businesses competing to provide goods or services to another party
  • Competition (1915 film), a short film directed by B. Reeves Eason
  • The Competition (film), a 1980 film starring Richard Dreyfuss
  • "Competition" (The Spectacular Spider-Man), an episode of the animated television series The Spectacular Spider-Man
  • Competition, Missouri, United States, a town in south central Missouri, about 50 miles northeast of Springfield
  • Chatham, Virginia, formerly named Competition, a town in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, United States
Competition (1915 film)

Competition is a 1915 short film produced by the American Film Manufacturing Company, released by Mutual Film, directed by B. Reeves Eason and Tom Ricketts and starring Charlotte Burton. It was Eason's directional debut, and he also acted in it.

Competition (economics)

In economics, competition is the rivalry among sellers trying to achieve such goals as increasing profits, market share, and sales volume by varying the elements of the marketing mix: price, product, distribution, and promotion. Merriam-Webster defines competition in business as "the effort of two or more parties acting independently to secure the business of a third party by offering the most favorable terms." In his 1776 The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith described it as the exercise of allocating productive resources to their most highly valued uses and encouraging efficiency, an explanation that quickly found support among liberal economists opposing the monopolistic practices of mercantilism, the dominant economic philosophy of the time. Smith and other classical economists before Cournot were referring to price and non-price rivalry among producers to sell their goods on best terms by bidding of buyers, not necessarily to a large number of sellers nor to a market in final equilibrium.

Later microeconomic theory distinguished between perfect competition and imperfect competition, concluding that perfect competition is Pareto efficient while imperfect competition is not. Competition, according to the theory, causes commercial firms to develop new products, services and technologies, which would give consumers greater selection and better products. The greater selection typically causes lower prices for the products, compared to what the price would be if there was no competition ( monopoly) or little competition ( oligopoly).

Competition is generally accepted as a necessary condition for the coordination of disparate individuals interests via the market process.

It is generally accepted that competition results in lower prices and a greater number of goods delivered to more people. Less competition is perceived to result in higher prices with a fewer number of—and less innovation in—goods delivered to fewer people. As a result, many governments use competition laws to promote competition and regulate against anti-competitive practices.

Competition (biology)

Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another. Limited supply of at least one resource (such as food, water, and territory) used by both can be a factor. Competition both within and between species is an important topic in ecology, especially community ecology. Competition is one of many interacting biotic and abiotic factors that affect community structure. Competition among members of the same species is known as intraspecific competition, while competition between individuals of different species is known as interspecific competition. Competition is not always straightforward, and can occur in both a direct and indirect fashion.

According to the competitive exclusion principle, species less suited to compete for resources should either adapt or die out, although competitive exclusion is rarely found in natural ecosystems. According to evolutionary theory, this competition within and between species for resources plays a very relevant role in natural selection, however, competition may play less of a role than expansion among larger clades, this is termed the 'Room to Roam' hypothesis.

Competition (The Spectacular Spider-Man)

"Competition" the fifth episode of the animated television series The Spectacular Spider-Man, which is based on the comic book character Spider-Man, created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko. In it, Spider-Man must face the Sandman, a former petty thug who now can manipulate his sand body at will.

"Competition" was written by Kevin Hopps and directed by Troy Adomitis. Hopps and Adomotis each had their respective roles previously in " Interactions." Victor Cook, a developer, producer, and supervising director for The Spectacular Spider-Man, was thrilled to use Sandman because he felt he was "a perfect character for animation." "Competition" aired on March 29, 2008, on the Kids WB! block for The CW. The episode received warm reviews from television critics - IGN wrote that the fight scenes were the greatest of the series at the time.

Related phrases:

Usage examples of "competition".

The competition for the two states is won by whichever chord has its neurons activated first, i.

Far from feeling any surprise that some of the cave-animals should be very anomalous, as Agassiz has remarked in regard to the blind fish, the Amblyopsis, and as is the case with the blind Proteus with reference to the reptiles of Europe, I am only surprised that more wrecks of ancient life have not been preserved, owing to the less severe competition to which the inhabitants of these dark abodes will probably have been exposed.

The competition of younger professionals, of wandering backveld Boers and even of poaching natives who had obtained guns, was growing severe.

Alice Aron and Barbara Carollo were two members of the Que Queens who were also on official competition barbeque teams.

How much longer, he wondered, would Bardo the Just allow the competition to go on?

He always stays for the Caddies Cup in mid-September, the last junior competition of the season.

In the rarified world of the celebrity anchor, Cheeta Ching was Queen of the Mountain-and determined to grind her stiletto heels into the eyes of the competition.

There was going to be lots of competition for the ovens, so I had to get to work on my choux paste and bake it off in advance.

The only thing I picked up worth noting was that they cosponsor a rose competition with the River Oaks Garden Club once a year at the VFW hall.

There is keen competition between the stables, but when the Dalai Lama or a minister has a horse running, it is obvious that he has got to come in first.

Kevin Peterson, who had just moved to Dixieland from Little Rock, dominated the competition.

Utopians and dystopians all attempted to display their superior system on worlds where corrupting competition did not exist.

George had been too stupid and Ezra too easygoing to offer any competition.

One other practical consideration would make against realism in such works as those at Varallo, I mean the fact that if the figures were to be portraits of the Varallo celebrities of the time, the whole place would have been set by the ears in the competition as to who was to be represented and with what precedence.

West Coast gearheads who modified small engines for remote-control robotics competitions.