I.nounCOLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a cause of stress
▪ Balancing work and family is the main cause of stress for many people.
a likely cause/reason
▪ the likely cause of the accident
a source/cause of pollution
▪ The factory was a clear source of pollution.
▪ Fumes from cars are a major cause of air pollution.
a source/cause of worry
▪ Her children were a constant source of worry.
a virus causes sth
▪ The virus causes people to sweat.
be a cause for concern
▪ Rising global temperatures are a cause for serious concern.
be grounds/cause/reason for optimism
▪ The lower crime figures are certainly grounds for optimism.
cause a disease
▪ Smoking is probably the major factor causing heart disease.
cause a riot
▪ When the election results were announced, it caused riots in the capital.
cause a scandal
▪ The vicar caused a scandal by having an affair with a young woman.
cause an explosion
▪ The police do not yet know what caused the explosion.
cause an incident
▪ His carelessness caused a major incident.
cause an injury
▪ The injury was caused by flying glass from the car windscreen.
cause concern
▪ The announcement will cause concern in the Middle East.
cause controversy
▪ His speech caused great controversy.
cause célèbre
▪ The case became a cause célèbre among feminists.
cause damage
▪ We surveyed the damage caused by the bomb.
cause death
▪ We still don't know what caused his death.
cause decay
▪ Bacteria stick to food and cause decay.
cause embarrassment
▪ Some of his jokes caused embarrassment to the older members of the audience.
cause erosion
▪ Acid rain has caused serious erosion, and now the entire hillside could slide down.
cause headaches
▪ The drug can cause headaches.
cause irritation
▪ The astringent can cause irritation to sensitive skin.
cause jealousy
▪ A partner's involvement with friends, family, or work colleagues can cause jealousy.
cause mischief (=do things that cause trouble or damage)
▪ Boys were wandering around, out to cause mischief.
cause nausea
▪ The medicine can cause nausea and dizziness.
cause panic
▪ The earthquake caused widespread panic.
cause recession
▪ Rising oil prices help to fuel inflation and cause recession.
cause sb amusement
▪ The memory seemed to cause him great amusement.
cause (sb/sth) harm
▪ Very small amounts of the chemical cause no lasting harm.
cause stress
▪ Moving house often causes stress.
cause symptoms
▪ Make a note of which foods cause the symptoms, and which do not.
cause trouble
▪ I hope the delay hasn’t caused you any trouble.
cause unemployment
▪ People blamed immigrants for causing unemployment.
cause...aggro
▪ I hope he doesn’t cause any aggro.
cause/bring about a shift
▪ The affair has brought about a shift in the government’s attitude towards immigration.
cause/bring about an increase
▪ The heatwave brought about a massive increase in water consumption.
cause/bring on/trigger a reaction (=make someone ill)
▪ Wheat is one of the foods that are most likely to cause a reaction.
cause/create a disturbance
▪ Several people were arrested for creating a disturbance outside the embassy.
cause/create a furore
▪ The security leaks have caused a widespread furore.
cause/create a hazard
▪ There was concern that overhead power lines could cause a health hazard.
cause/create a problem
▪ The building’s lack of parking space could cause problems.
cause/create a storm
▪ The Prime Minister caused a storm by criticizing military commanders.
cause/create confusion
▪ English spelling often causes confusion for learners.
cause/create friction
▪ Having my mother living with us causes friction at home.
cause/create hardship
▪ The severe winter caused great hardship in remote villages.
cause/create havoc
▪ A strike will cause havoc for commuters.
cause/create resentment
▪ The special arrangements for overseas students caused resentment among the other students.
cause/create/bring chaos
▪ Snow has caused chaos on the roads this morning.
cause/create/lead to anxiety
▪ Their nuclear programme is causing mounting anxiety among other nations, especially Israel.
cause/create/provoke conflict
▪ Sometimes very small disagreements can cause conflict within a family.
cause/create/wreak mayhem
▪ For some children, the first fall of snow is an opportunity to create mayhem.
caused disquiet
▪ His appointment caused disquiet among members.
caused...angry
▪ The proposed changes caused an angry outcry from residents.
caused...consternation
▪ The government’s plans have caused considerable consternation among many Americans.
caused...disruption
▪ The strike caused widespread disruption.
cause/generate excitement
▪ The arrival of a stranger caused some excitement in the village.
cause/grounds for complaint (=a good reason to complain)
▪ I do not think that he has any cause for complaint.
cause/inflict casualties
▪ The rebels have inflicted heavy casualties.
cause/lead to a boom
▪ Tax cuts sometimes lead to an economic boom.
cause/lead to a breakdown
▪ Money problems often cause marriage breakdown.
cause/lead to a decline
▪ The use of agricultural chemicals has led to a decline in water quality.
cause/lead to a delay
▪ The bad weather caused a three-hour delay in sending out rescue helicopters.
cause/lead to a misunderstanding
▪ Hearing loss can cause misunderstandings, when what you say is not correctly heard.
▪ Don’t just assume that you know what he means; that can lead to misunderstandings.
cause/lead to difficulties
▪ Stress and worry both cause sleep difficulties.
cause/lead to disagreement
▪ This is a policy that has caused an enormous amount of disagreement.
cause/lead to extinction (=make an animal, plant etc stop existing)
▪ Exactly what caused the extinction of the dinosaurs?
cause/lead to illness
▪ Inadequate hygiene can lead to illness.
cause/lead to inflation
▪ Too much government borrowing can lead to inflation.
cause/lead to/bring about destruction
▪ It's clear that the bomb was intended to cause death and destruction.
cause/produce a sensation
▪ The drug can produce strange sensations in some patients.
cause/provoke/spark unrest
▪ The introduction of new working practices provoked severe industrial unrest.
causing an obstruction
▪ Police can remove a vehicle that is causing an obstruction.
causing...commotion
▪ Everyone looked to see what was causing the commotion.
chief causes
▪ One of the chief causes of crime today is drugs.
create/cause a shortage
▪ Poor harvests could cause food shortages in the winter.
create/cause a stir
▪ Plans for the motorway caused quite a stir among locals.
create/cause/provoke a crisis
▪ The people fled the country, creating a huge refugee crisis.
create/cause/result in inequality
▪ Certain economic systems inevitably result in inequality.
deserving causes/cases
▪ The National Lottery provides extra money for deserving causes.
espouse a cause/policy etc
▪ He espoused a variety of scientific, social and political causes.
have cause to complain
▪ Patients sometimes have cause to complain about the hospital treatment they receive.
natural causes
▪ death from natural causes
root causes
▪ the root causes of crime
start/cause an argument
▪ He was deliberately trying to start an argument.
▪ Money often causes arguments.
the cause of death
▪ The cause of death was a bullet in his chest.
the fundamental cause
▪ A burst tyre was the fundamental cause of the crash.
the sole cause
▪ I’m not saying that TV violence is the sole cause of violence in society.
the underlying cause/reason
▪ Stress is the underlying cause of many illnesses.
worthwhile cause (=one that helps people)
▪ We decided to give the money to a worthwhile cause.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
good
▪ But Will took it lying down - all in a good cause of course.
▪ Eat fish for a good cause.
▪ This means made without good cause or excuse and could extend to a reckless statement.
▪ There was widespread alarm, and there was good cause for it.
▪ The tenor of the 1976 Act is permissive: a licence should be granted unless good cause is shown justifying refusal.
▪ There speaks the nineteenth century: all gone, but in a good cause.
▪ It is a worthwhile investment in a very good cause.
▪ That money could have gone to so many good causes.
important
▪ One important cause of residential segregation is competition for access to preferred forms of housing.
▪ The more important causes seen in an outpatient practice are discussed below.
▪ A series of such oscillations, aided perhaps by marine erosion, is probably an important cause of island formation.
▪ Success-even getting better-is made really important and a cause for celebration with noise and pageantry.
▪ In so doing, they probably constituted the most important single cause of the subsequent civil war and revolution.
▪ There will be a food court, beer stalls and fun to be had by all while benefiting an important cause.
▪ Because infection with Vibrio cholerae is an important cause of diarrhoea, we decided to use cholera toxin as intestinal secretagogue.
▪ These two physical symptoms are the most important causes of disability and failure to convalesce.
likely
▪ As to likely causes, the out-of-round wheels phenomenon looks feasible.
▪ Hypokalemia is usually associated with this condition and is a more likely cause of the arrhythmias.
▪ But one might be forgiven for doubting if this is the most likely cause of the toxic side-effects of direct drilling!
▪ Flying experts again reckoned a cockpit mistake was the most likely cause of yesterday's catastrophe.
▪ And if I insisted he came with me, he'd likely cause trouble, just as he said.
▪ A spokesman for Greenpeace said that industrial pollution appeared to be the most likely cause.
▪ What do you think is the most likely cause of your symptoms?
▪ Given that the doctor has ruled out infection and other likely causes for the diarrhoea, then food sensitivity should be considered.
lost
▪ My patron saint was Saint Jude, the patron of lost causes.
▪ A lost cause, the old woman reflected sadly.
▪ Stand by your principles but don't waste time on lost causes.
▪ All credit to Bann, though for not shutting-up-shop on an already lost cause as Mark Carson pegged it back.
▪ It's seems that their marriage is a lost cause in which possess the husband and wife not real affection for one another.
▪ But they are not completely lost causes.
▪ When he took his second 6 at the ninth after tangling with bushes, he looked a lost cause.
▪ In one sense, Mentmore was a lost cause even before we began.
main
▪ The main cause is the expansion of farming on to permanent grassland and the widespread use of fertilisers.
▪ The death of your guppies could stem from two main causes - a duff batch or, more seriously, Guppy Disease.
▪ Chronic dietary insufficiency is thought to be the single main cause but the mechanism is unclear.
▪ In other words, money supply growth is the main cause of inflation.
▪ But another main cause, particularly relevant to the south, is the massive rise in development.
▪ Most climate scientists now agree that human activity is the main cause of global warming.
▪ The fashion for tanned skin is the main cause of the doubling of malignant skin cancers in the last ten years.
major
▪ Some officials relied on the evidence of headmen; others believed that the intrigues of headmen were a major cause of crime.
▪ It is also the major cause of primary liver cell carcinoma. 7.
▪ By the 1970s, researchers discovered that a major cause of childhood blindness in Third World countries was vitamin A deficiency.
▪ The third major cause of patchiness is energy subsidy.
▪ One major cause of the current correction, many analysts and tech executives say, resides on Wall Street.
▪ With even greater environmental rigour, harshness itself is a major direct cause of community structure.
▪ The inability to control this growth is a major cause of business failures.
natural
▪ In my view death resulting from it is a death by natural causes.
▪ He then went to live with his paternal grandparents, who died of natural causes soon after his placement with them.
▪ The machine was not switched off, but Mr Lavelle died of natural causes, police said.
▪ Park officials defended their care of Yaka, insisting she died of natural causes after a lengthy illness.
▪ The statistics include heart attacks and other natural causes as well as accidents to hikers, climbers, and mountain workers.
▪ It is believed Mr Stamp died from natural causes.
▪ Merseyside coroner Roy Barter recorded a verdict of death by natural causes.
possible
▪ Here we discuss a different aspect of the problem: their possible underlying cause.
▪ Scientists have begun to investigate and to identify some of the possible causes, which may differ from species to species.
▪ The objective of this chapter is to consider the possible causes of this cyclical movement in economic activity.
▪ What are the possible causes of work inhibition?
▪ Read in studio A new theory has emerged tonight about the possible cause of the Hercules crash in which nine airmen died.
▪ Later chapters will explore the parent-child relationship as a possible cause of work inhibition.
▪ What then are the possible causes of conflict within organisations?
▪ Eating refined carbohydrates such as those above can raise the blood cholesterol level, and is a possible cause of heart disease.
real
▪ Only by dispossessing him can we turn to the real causes of human behavior.
▪ Crying with real cause, he begged her not to die.
▪ The real causes of the disease are still a mystery.
▪ This playing both arsonist and fire department is the real cause of the arms race in the region.
▪ Children can compete for the parent's favour and help, which obscures the real cause of the argument.
▪ She could almost feel the fangs at her throat, and knew the real cause of the choking sensation was fear.
▪ The real cause of war and strife is not religion, but man's inhumanity to man.
▪ Whatever the recorded cause of death-leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, pneumonia-the real cause is poverty.
reasonable
▪ He would then have reasonable cause to believe that an offence had been committed.
▪ Any person who without reasonable cause fails to comply may be sent to prison for not more than six months.
▪ Potts J. dismissed the defendants' application to strike out the statement of claim as disclosing no reasonable cause of action.
▪ We will legislate to bring into use dwellings left empty without reasonable cause for more than a year.
▪ It disclosed no reasonable cause of action and was frivolous and vexatious.
underlying
▪ While the underlying cause of the riots was multi-faceted deprivation some of the incidents were sparked off by police action.
▪ Here we discuss a different aspect of the problem: their possible underlying cause.
▪ So the underlying cause of the fall in investment is the decline in profitability.
▪ It is therefore seldom appropriate to treat disorders of language and communication by trying to influence presumed underlying causes.
▪ Competition between a large mass of parasites and the host for nutrients may be the underlying cause of this weight loss.
▪ Conventional discussion of the breakup of the boom and its underlying causes are generally inadequate.
▪ The underlying cause of all this was the girl's future.
worthy
▪ Membership of these and other worthy causes mean that our countryside is not lost to over development.
▪ Except all these worthy causes will be lucky to see half that $ 40 million.
▪ Any spare cash he preferred to donate to more worthy causes.
▪ She hoped that she did not appear to others like a worthy cause.
▪ Certainly we're called on to make a large number of personal appearances, frequently for worthy causes.
▪ The same logic extends easily to all sorts of other apparently worthy causes.
▪ Would you please consider donating to this worthy cause.
■ NOUN
root
▪ The main inhibitors to progress, and the root causes of fear, can include: Unrealistic personal goals and expectations.
▪ What are the root causes? 4.
▪ Health promotion - keeping people healthy, and treating the root causes of ill health.
▪ The root cause of these crises is not that things are being done poorly.
▪ Admittedly, the back condition responsible is partly congenital, but that can not disguise the root cause, namely over-use.
▪ But Didion is interested in root causes, not in immediate provocations.
▪ Faulty circulation is thought to be the root cause of the disorder.
▪ Like retrenching, the technique of restricting behavior betrays a peculiar logic about performance and its root causes.
■ VERB
champion
▪ Because of this experience he came to champion the cause of psychiatry and of a high-minded version of socialism.
▪ If the church is to be truly pro-life, how can it help but champion the cause of battered women?
▪ Indeed, it was a pleasure for us to hear him champion the cause of unilateralism.
▪ Odd how no traditional civil rights or liberal black leader stepped forth to champion her cause.
▪ It is enshrined in draft legislation sponsored by Mario Segni, who championed the cause of electoral reform.
▪ Hopefully, these opinion-formers will champion the act's cause and gradually the public will be interested enough to find out more.
▪ Nor was Wilkins a layman championing a secular cause.
▪ It champions the cause of good beer and good pubs.
discover
▪ We have already discovered some of the causes of many kinds of cancer, which have been mentioned earlier in this book.
▪ By the 1970s, researchers discovered that a major cause of childhood blindness in Third World countries was vitamin A deficiency.
▪ Relying on tablets for the relief of pain without trying to discover its cause can be positively dangerous.
▪ We too had a humming in the dead of night for about two years until we discovered the cause.
▪ His glee made Bowring nervous about discovering its cause.
▪ Castle, this 1959 thriller casts Price as a mad scientist who discovers the biological cause of fear in human beings.
▪ In their anomalous behaviour electric arcs seemed to defy Ohm's Law and she discovered the cause of this.
▪ What is more important is to discover the causes of delay, without which general conclusions are likely to be unhelpful.
establish
▪ The Staffordshire authorities are carrying out an inquest into the accident to establish the exact cause of death.
▪ But 4 postmortem examinations have failed to establish the cause of his death.
▪ The important issue, before deciding upon remedial action, is to establish the cause of the movement.
▪ Connections had postponed running plans for the previously unbeaten Tenby until they had established the cause of his failure.
▪ Investigators are still at the scene in Woodside Road, trying to establish the cause of the blaze.
▪ The three year survey will establish the cause of the decline and decide whether a closed season is necessary.
▪ A postmortem examination failed to establish a definite cause of death and the results of further forensic tests are awaited.
▪ But the Crown Prosecution Service has dropped the case after four post mortems failed to establish a cause of death.
give
▪ This report gives a considerable cause for optimism.
▪ Last week's extraordinary results give them both a cause.
▪ He had smiled then and said that despite my generosity he would give no cause for jealousy.
▪ Gifts given without cause and beyond the ability to expend, self-sacrifices which seem so noble at the time compose propitiation.
▪ Construction faults, equipment failure and inadequate training of staff were given as the major causes of incidents.
▪ Every repetition of a libel gives a fresh cause of action against the persons responsible for the repetition.
▪ He has just the one daughter and that girl has given him great cause for concern.
▪ Yet paradoxically the bird is now giving serious cause for alarm to environmentalists because of a decline in the breeding population.
help
▪ The Smiths were not helping this cause.
▪ East Village redevelopment, done right, could help almost everybody's causes, even a ballpark.
▪ The physician must establish a sympathetic rapport with the patient to help elucidate possible causes and contributing factors.
▪ Kansas' 51 points in the Aloha Bowl did not help his cause.
▪ Mr Torres's two drunk-driving arrests did not help his cause.
▪ At the same time, companies also help out charities or causes through the sale of products.
▪ In a sense, they do not help our cause.
▪ At Griffith Park in 1939, Jimmy Demaret helped his cause in the third round by clever use of his wedge.
identify
▪ He used Pareto analysis to identify the principal cause as a loose loading arm.
▪ Such studies are often the first integral step toward identifying the cause of an infectious disease outbreak.
▪ Try to identify any recurrent causes of stress.
▪ Scientists have attempted for many years to identify a cause for canker sores but have not been successful to date.
▪ Investigations have so far failed to identify the cause.
▪ The real progress comes from identifying the cause of the error early and then eliminating the cause early.
▪ Overall, Skocpol's comparisons identify the causes and consequences of social revolution.
▪ It took four days for the company to identify the real cause.
investigate
▪ In investigating the causes of absenteeism from work, for example, researchers have found different contributory factors.
▪ Firemen were still investigating the cause yesterday of the fire at Mossa Grange Farm in Yafforth.
▪ We therefore investigated the causes of this complication.
▪ Almost certainly under Westminster pressure, O'Neill announced the Cameron Commission to investigate the causes of the disturbances.
▪ Mrs Aquino, we are investigating the cause of death of Inday Rodriguez.
▪ Police believe the body may have been in the field for several weeks and they're still investigating the cause of death.
▪ Surrey police are investigating the cause.
▪ It held up tram traffic for several hours, while the police investigated the cause.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
advance your career/a cause/your interests etc
cause/kick up/make etc a stink
▪ It's financial clout that counts or, failing that, kicking up a stink.
▪ It's for your protection, so that you have the union behind you if Mellowes kicks up a stink.
▪ It will still contain plenty of business and mortgage borrowers to kick up a stink about base rates.
lost cause
▪ At first it seemed the attempt to save the species was a lost cause.
▪ The miners' strike of 1984 turned out to be a lost cause.
▪ But they are not completely lost causes.
▪ In recent years he had come to feel that he was pouring all his energies into a lost cause.
▪ It's seems that their marriage is a lost cause in which possess the husband and wife not real affection for one another.
▪ Like his rebel ancestor, Buchanan is fighting a lost cause with prideful determination despite overwhelming odds.
▪ Like the languages in which it was born, this seems a lost cause to many.
▪ My patron saint was Saint Jude, the patron of lost causes.
▪ Stand by your principles but don't waste time on lost causes.
▪ That, however, is a lost cause.
make/find common cause (with/against sb)
underlying cause/principle/problem etc
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ Doctors cannot find a cure for the illness until they have identified the cause.
▪ He no longer loved her, and with just cause, because she had betrayed him.
▪ I've never had any cause to complain about my doctor.
▪ Investigators are still trying to determine the cause of the accident.
▪ Money from the charity dinner will go to causes chosen by the guests.
▪ Our cause is just, and we are prepared to give our lives for it.
▪ The cause of Socialism is not dead.
▪ The child's behaviour is giving us cause for concern.
▪ The root cause of the current energy crisis is that we simply use too much energy.
▪ There is no cause for alarm about the safety of drinking water.
▪ Thousands died in the cause of freedom.
▪ We have little sympathy for people who leave their jobs without just cause.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Also, effects require or alternatively require other conditions as well as causes.
▪ But the very people who are the cause of the problem have to be part of the solution.
▪ Lastly, they want to give tax advantages to causes deemed worthy, or at least popular.
▪ Several other causes, according to their findings, often lie at the root of violence against tenants.
▪ The immediate cause of last week's blackouts was a large power plant suddenly going offline in Northern California.
▪ The persistence of black troubles, and the loss of faith in the old integrationist cause, has discredited traditional black leaders.
▪ These rebels felt they had a cause.
▪ This time, material progress did not serve the cause of the Church.
II.verbCOLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ NOUN
accident
▪ Daytime drowsiness and associated sleep disorders can affect the quality of your life and can cause accidents, especially among drivers.
▪ Add rugs to hard floors for softness and interest, but make sure they will not slip and cause accidents.
▪ In fact I cause a car accident by obstructing some one's driveway.
▪ I can't imagine what caused the accident.
▪ Scooter Hire Most holiday injuries we see are caused by scooter accidents.
▪ It almost caused numerous accidents, here narrowly avoiding a head-on collision.
▪ But now spoil-sport officials in the Roads Service have ordered him to remove them, claiming they could cause an accident.
▪ They're warning that overloaded vehicles are dangerous and can cause serious accidents.
change
▪ What factors would we expect to cause changes in the supply and demand for bills?
▪ We can predict an increase in equilibrium price greater than that caused by either change taken separately.
▪ The information systems project will cause changes to the roles of employees and in working relationships.
▪ A change in operating personnel should not cause any change in quality control values. 67.
▪ More recent studies have shown that hepatic denervation causes significant changes in the biliary lipid composition.
▪ And the trauma had caused personality changes which made him irritable and difficult to live with.
▪ Any change in the number of ions present will cause a change in the electrical conductivity of the solution.
▪ Stopping rivers and creating lakes, it was reported, had caused irreversible changes to thousands of acres of land.
concern
▪ Joint interests could cause you more concern than anything else and you may feel that a partner has bungled matters here.
▪ Needless to say, this causes duck producers much concern and limits the potential enjoyment of this marvelous bird.
▪ This has caused some concern as peaceful demonstrators may be prevented from marching because of the threat posed by a potentially disruptive counter-demonstration.
▪ The inaccurate economic predictions should cause concern about the reliability of the financial benefits of annexation.
▪ The incident has caused great concern among officers at Bullingdon.
▪ He told them he had received reports that had caused him grave concern.
▪ But the phenomenon has also caused concern.
▪ Resistance has been confirmed in most counties where blackgrass is a problem, and is causing increasing concern.
confusion
▪ I seek your guidance about a matter on today's Order Paper that is causing some confusion.
▪ It caused a lot of confusion.
▪ Excessive doses can cause panic, confusion, inability to sleep, hallucinations and paranoia.
▪ What is being emphasized here is the fact that the two terms should not cause the proposal author confusion.
▪ The name is likely to cause confusion with Pete Astles' Peak Performance, who also make canoe clothing.
▪ Answer: Surprisingly, a. Why: This one sneaks into punctuation rule books and is uncommon enough to cause confusion.
▪ Even at the best of times fighting in the ranks can cause disarray and confusion in the army.
▪ Often, the terms hypertext and hypermedia are used interchangeably, causing confusion.
damage
▪ The upset and damage which has been caused to us by these articles is an extremely serious matter.
▪ The damage caused by this closure will continue to be felt for many years.
▪ For bosses at Morland damage caused by a Green King take-over would be incalculable.
▪ Trolley officials were required to build the preserve to make up for damage caused by the trolley project.
▪ Whatever we do, argues Moltmann, damage has been caused because of the irreversibility of the development of humanity.
▪ Draft directives on civil liability for damage caused by waste are under discussion.
▪ However, £200 damage was caused to a rear window.
▪ An attempt had been made to set it alight but no damage was caused.
death
▪ His action has already caused the premature death of 700,000 birds with miserly compensation to owners.
▪ She was in Charleston, South Carolina, the following August when an eight-minute earthquake caused 110 deaths and hundreds of injuries.
▪ Around the world, they cause the deaths of three and a half million children every year.
▪ Read in studio A man has appeared in court accused of causing the death of a pensioner by dangerous driving.
▪ Neighbour Martin Clarke, 31, has been charged with causing his death by careless driving.
▪ He knew he had caused their deaths.
▪ Benzodiazepines, of course, are prescription only drugs, and an overdose is far less likely to cause death.
▪ It was their sin that had caused the death of John Parker.
delay
▪ One train broke down, causing a two-hour delay.
▪ But bad weather causes frequent delays and cancellations.
▪ This may cause some delay to processing orders in this period.
▪ Now that in itself would cause major delays.
▪ It's been caused by a delay in the operation to move a bridge crossing the M4 near the Severn estuary.
▪ There also is a bug when searching by date that can cause delays in query time.
▪ The local emergency services have stated that the proposals will not cause any significant delays.
▪ However, many experts predict economic and financial obstacles will cause a delay of several years.
difficulty
▪ The second group causes most of the difficulties in spelling with consonants.
▪ Still, the lawsuit has the potential to cause difficulty for Clinton because it is in essence a simple story.
▪ Such divisions of opinion were causing difficulties in the functioning of local medical committees.
▪ But subjects that are more abstract, such as scientific concepts or math, may cause them difficulties.
▪ It is this adjustment which causes difficulties for our body rhythms.
▪ This caused many difficulties, for it seemed so remote to him now.
▪ They say it could cause difficulties, but are waiting to see whether the idea will come to fruition.
▪ Another use for the sequestering agents is to immobilize metals that might cause difficulties in processing.
disease
▪ The result is a hybrid virus that will multiply readily when given to humans but will not cause disease.
▪ But the role of the fungus in causing human disease is less well understood.
▪ These raised levels may be triggered by the bacteria causing gum disease, which escape into the bloodstream when gums bleed.
▪ However, there were complications that required additional surgery, jaundice possibly caused by gall-bladder disease, and pneumonia.
▪ Only within the last few years have doctors begun to realize that this microbe can cause disease.
▪ Perhaps gene therapy could prevent the mutation of the prion gene that causes hereditary brain disease.
▪ The authors believed that their serological results supported the view that infection with M paratuberculosis might cause Crohn's disease.
▪ Many of the germs that cause disease pass from our hands into our mouths; so can environmental metal toxins like lead.
disruption
▪ As a result they are less willing to accept the increasing costs caused by disruption and seek to recover them through claims.
▪ The Court ruled that such speech could be punished even if it was not legally obscene and did not cause substantial disruption.
▪ Only minutes before the final whistle, Halliday weaved his way infield, causing the disruption from which Morris was to score.
▪ Such speech is still protected by the First Amendment unless it causes substantial disruption or interferes with the rights of others.
▪ At the time of the shooting the students were not rioting or causing civil disruption.
▪ To support such action, officials would have to show that the publications caused or would probably cause substantial and material disruption.
▪ The influx of large numbers of construction workers had inevitably caused disruption in the nearby villages, especially the closest, Stogursey.
▪ Not according to a Texas case where officials prohibited armbands because they expected those who opposed the armbands to cause disruption.
disturbance
▪ They then distort the long-wave pattern which is controlling them, causing the next short-wave disturbances to move differently.
▪ Work inhibition is not caused by severe emotional disturbance.
▪ In 1957, Paisley and Wylie were charged with causing a disturbance in Donaghadee by preaching through a loud hailer.
▪ Thus, clinical disorders of volume are caused by disturbances of salt balance.
▪ This may cause disturbances in the basic organization.
▪ The advantage of this approach is that pain relief may be obtained without causing disturbance of sensation over the face and cornea.
▪ Binge-eating can cause menstrual disturbances, acute swelling of the stomach and also salivary gland enlargement.
▪ One athlete in particular, however, has caused more of a disturbance with his seeming lack of concern.
harm
▪ On that occasion he received a sentence of imprisonment for causing grievous bodily harm.
▪ Decision makers need to be aware of the harm that their decisions can cause.
▪ A 19 year old female student from Bath University was charged by Essex police with unlawful imprisonment and causing actual bodily harm.
▪ Scientific studies involving humans have a statistical threshold for causing harm to participants, and if passed they are discontinued.
▪ Another 40 people are facing charges of riot and conspiracy to cause grievous bodily harm.
▪ Some representatives from health clinics argued that the proposal would cause more harm than good.
▪ Land could be sold off or developed, causing significant harm to present areas of natural beauty and important wildlife habitats.
▪ Yesterday McClelland, 17, appeared before Teesside Crown Court and admitted assault causing actual bodily harm.
injury
▪ Heavier passengers will cause greater injury to others in an accident if they are not wearing a seat belt.
▪ The legal principles that apply to teachers whose negligence causes injury are the same as those that apply to anyone else.
▪ The police did not prove any intent on the part of the possessor to use it to cause injury.
▪ Sometimes there is a question about what precisely caused the injury.
▪ Anyone associated with the game of rugby quite right abhors tactics which can easily cause injury.
▪ I really believe the turf here causes a lot more injuries than grass.
▪ And it even comes in a plastic bottle, so it can be thrown at Teddy without causing serious injury.
▪ The early morning blast at the embassy in the capital, Sana'a, smashed windows but caused no injuries.
loss
▪ He or she closed down major corporations around the world for a day-causing losses estimated at billions of dollars.
▪ The question we ask is how small can z be without causing losses from trade to either one of these factors.
▪ Naturally this only applies where there has been no illness or injury which would cause dramatic loss of functioning.
▪ Unexpectedly weak earning from Motorola Inc. coupled with rising government bind yields weighed on stocks, caused widespread losses.
▪ Oxidation of hops causes a loss and alteration of flavours.
▪ This can cause loss of control, or at least a lot more work for the controller.
▪ A tumour or trauma in one side of the brain causes a loss in the field of vision on the other side.
pain
▪ This has been a fairly gritty chapter, all about beating up baddies, causing them pain and putting them to flight.
▪ The resulting recession caused enormous pain across the country.
▪ This causes no discernible pain in the vast majority of cases.
▪ Taking an extra dollar from a rich person would cause less pain than taking an extra dollar from a poor one.
▪ The fact that it doesn't cause you immense emotional pain doesn't mean you're not committed to it.
▪ In fact, an ear infection alone can cause sudden severe pain as fluid builds up in the middle ear.
▪ It will certainly cause pain and slow him down.
problem
▪ Subdivision is carried out only in so far as it is profitable; too much splitting would cause more problems than it would avoid.
▪ Sometimes doing that causes nasty structural problems, like a caved-in cake.
▪ The apparent lack of multiple entry and exit gates on the crowd side of the airfield was bound to cause problems.
▪ Is it possible that some aspect of his personality is causing this problem?
▪ It is mistake which causes problems.
▪ One kid said you should go through her stuff, but that will cause more problems than you really want.
▪ If it's your end that's caused the problem, you might have a whole batch of mail to resend.
▪ But when these eco-skeptics do propose solutions, they generally advocate technological adjustments that fail to address the root causes of problems.
sensation
▪ This is a show that would cause a sensation in London or New York.
▪ This caused a sensation in Western countries where the threat of serious infectious disease had come to be considered remote.
▪ But the thick, hardened layers of dead skin sometimes press on the nerve, causing a burning sensation when you walk.
▪ When this happens the esophagus becomes irritated and inflamed, causing a burning sensation that has the potential to awaken a sleeper.
▪ The see-through trouser suit she had designed herself had caused a sensation at Rachel Ansorge's party.
▪ The advantage of this approach is that pain relief may be obtained without causing disturbance of sensation over the face and cornea.
▪ It also, vitally, causes the moment of sensation to be prolonged.
▪ Many neurologic disorders affecting the brain stem, cerebellum, and spinal cord posterior column may cause dizzy sensations.
stir
▪ Read in studio Voice over Kevin Maxwell has caused a stir by turning out for his village cricket team.
▪ Later still, the place caused a stir by refusing service to then-Sen.
▪ In the marketplace he caused no stir.
▪ He also caused a stir with his purchase in 1896 and resale in segments of the Trafford Park estate in Manchester.
▪ If I may say so, it caused quite a stir.
▪ They are marvellously done, and they have caused a stir of approval in this country, while also raising doubts.
▪ Then some of the Cowboys players caused a stir when they hired a limousine to take them to practice.
trouble
▪ Yet here he is, pleading for the life of the stubborn nation that caused him nothing but trouble!
▪ So it is at this time the contra have been causing trouble.
▪ There are people out there who will use any excuse to cause trouble.
▪ This could cause trouble when you bring the final rewrite home the next night.
▪ We didn't give them a chance to cause trouble.
▪ It covers the seventy-six areas of the tax law that cause people the most trouble regardless of the business they are in.
▪ Don't cause any trouble and don't insist if they look like objecting.
▪ The Empire Crusade was designed to cause the maximum trouble for the Conservative leadership.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
cause/kick up/make etc a stink
▪ It's financial clout that counts or, failing that, kicking up a stink.
▪ It's for your protection, so that you have the union behind you if Mellowes kicks up a stink.
▪ It will still contain plenty of business and mortgage borrowers to kick up a stink about base rates.
lost cause
▪ At first it seemed the attempt to save the species was a lost cause.
▪ The miners' strike of 1984 turned out to be a lost cause.
▪ But they are not completely lost causes.
▪ In recent years he had come to feel that he was pouring all his energies into a lost cause.
▪ It's seems that their marriage is a lost cause in which possess the husband and wife not real affection for one another.
▪ Like his rebel ancestor, Buchanan is fighting a lost cause with prideful determination despite overwhelming odds.
▪ Like the languages in which it was born, this seems a lost cause to many.
▪ My patron saint was Saint Jude, the patron of lost causes.
▪ Stand by your principles but don't waste time on lost causes.
▪ That, however, is a lost cause.
make/find common cause (with/against sb)
underlying cause/principle/problem etc
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ About half of the chemicals that were tested caused cancer in rats.
▪ As children we were always causing our parents trouble.
▪ The autopsy showed that her death was caused by liver failure.
▪ The fire caused $500,000 in damage.
▪ The power failure caused the whole computer system to shut down.
▪ Try to isolate the problems that are causing you the most difficulty.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Approximately 90% of deaths from lung cancer and bronchitis are caused by smoking.
▪ He claimed that the site was geologically unsound and any stress caused by a shift in water levels could cause an earthquake.
▪ It caused an estimated $ 40 billion in damage and killed 72 people.
▪ Such large emboli usually cause death within one to two hours.
▪ The stepfather denies 24 charges of cruelty and two of causing actual bodily harm.
▪ The theory among media honchos is that sending a reporter may cause families to change their minds.
▪ We're sorry if we've caused any confusion.
▪ What used to cause a belly laugh now earns a pleasant chuckle.