Crossword clues for substitution
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Substitution \Sub`sti*tu"tion\, n. [L. substitutio: cf. F. substitution.]
The act of substituting or putting one person or thing in the place of another; as, the substitution of an agent, attorney, or representative to act for one in his absense; the substitution of bank notes for gold and silver as a circulating medium.
The state of being substituted for another.
The office or authority of one acting for another; delegated authority. [R.]
--Shak.(Civil Law) The designation of a person in a will to take a devise or legacy, either on failure of a former devisee or legatee by incapacity or unwillingness to accept, or after him.
--Burrill.(Theol.) The doctrine that Christ suffered vicariously, being substituted for the sinner, and that his sufferings were expiatory.
(Chem.) The act or process of substituting an atom or radical for another atom or radical; metathesis; also, the state of being so substituted. See Metathesis.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
late 14c., "appointment of a subordinate or successor," from Middle French substitution or directly from Late Latin substitutionem (nominative substitutio) "a putting in place of (another)," noun of action from past participle stem of Latin substituere "put in place of another, place under or next to, present, submit," from sub "under" (see sub-) + statuere "set up," from PIE root *sta- "to stand," with derivatives meaning "place or thing that is standing" (see stet).
Wiktionary
n. 1 the act of substituting or the state of being substituted 2 a substitute or replacement 3 (context chemistry English) (especially in organic chemistry) the replacement of an atom, or group of atoms, in a compound, with another
WordNet
n. an event in which one thing is substituted for another; "the replacement of lost blood by a transfusion of donor blood" [syn: permutation, transposition, replacement, switch]
the act of putting one thing or person in the place of another: "he sent Smith in for Jones but the substitution came too late to help" [syn: exchange, commutation]
Wikipedia
Substitution may refer to:
Substitution is a fundamental concept in logic. A substitution is a syntactic transformation on formal expressions. To apply a substitution to an expression means to consistently replace its variable, or placeholder, symbols by other expressions. The resulting expression is called a substitution instance of the original expression.
In acting, substitution is the understanding of elements in the life of one's character by comparing them to elements in one's own life. For example, if an actor is portraying a character who is being blackmailed, he or she could think back to some embarrassing or private fact about his or her own life, and mentally superimpose that onto the character's secret.
In Respect for Acting, Uta Hagen compares acting to make believe, saying, "My strength as an actor rested in the unshakable faith I had in make-believe. I made myself believe the characters I was allowed to play and the circumstances of the characters' lives in the events of the play." And later in the book, "I use substitution in order to 'make believe' in its literal sense-- to make me believe [...], in order to send me into the moment-to-moment spontaneous action of my newly selected self on stage."
Hagen is clear that substitution is a means to further connect actors to their characters and the actions of the play, as opposed to, for instance, bringing on tears. "Substitution is not an end in itself, not an end to involve you for self-involvement's sake without consequent action. Let me state strongly, in case any of you have misunderstood, that substitution is the aspect of the work which strengthens your faith and your sense of reality in each stage of the total work on character. It is a way of bringing about justified, personal character actions."
Hagen also warns against confronting any traumatic experiences, believing it to be unhelpful. "There are teachers who actually force actors into dealing with something buried (their response to a death of a parent, or the trauma of a bad accident). What results is hysteria or worse, and is, in my opinion, anti-art. We are not pursuing psychotherapy. If you feel mentally sick or disturbed and in need of it, by all means go to a trained doctor or therapist, but not to an acting teacher."
In legal terms, the Right of Substitution is a statutory right of all parties except the State. It is the right to change the presiding court official with or without cause.
Judges are usually given cases randomly within a jurisdiction (unless there is only one judge in a jurisdiction, in which case they receive all cases). The Right of Substitution does not give a litigant the right to choose a judge, just the random selection of another judge in the jurisdiction. If the right is exercised in a jurisdiction with one judge usually a judge from a neighboring jurisdiction will take the case, although on occasion a Reserve Judge or Commissioner may be used.
In team sports, substitution (or interchange) is replacing one player with another during a match. Substitute players that are not in the starting lineup (also known as bench players, backups or reserves) reside on the bench and are available to substitute for a starter. Later in the match, that substitute may be substituted for by another substitute or by a starter who is currently on the bench.
Some sports have restrictions on substituting or interchanging players whereas others do not. American football, ice hockey and basketball are examples of sports which practice "unlimited" substitution, albeit subject to certain rules. Substitution is unlimited during play in ice hockey. In basketball, substitution is permitted only during stoppages of play, but is otherwise unlimited. In baseball, substitution is permitted only during stoppages of play, and once a player has been substituted out of a game he cannot reenter it.
In motorsports, a substitution behind the wheel goes by the term "relief driver."
In English poetry substitution, also known as inversion, is the use of an alien metric foot in a line of otherwise regular metrical pattern. For instance in an iambic line of "da DUM", a trochaic substitution would introduce a foot of "DUM da".
"Substitution" is a single by indie rock band Silversun Pickups, and is the second single from their second album, Swoon. Since its release, the song has reached number 17 and debuted at number 35 on Billboard Alternative Songs chart. It has also charted on Billboard's Rock Songs at number 26.
In algebra, the operation of substitution can be applied in various contexts involving formal objects containing symbols (often called variables or indeterminates); the operation consists of systematically replacing occurrences of some symbol by a given value.
Substitution is a basic operation of computer algebra. It is generally called "subs" or "subst" in computer algebra systems.
A common case of substitution involves polynomials, where substitution of a numerical value for the indeterminate of a (univariate) polynomial amounts to evaluating the polynomial at that value. Indeed this operation occurs so frequently that the notation for polynomials is often adapted to it; instead of designating a polynomial by a name like P as one would do for other mathematical objects one could define say
P(X) = X − 3X + 5X − 17
so that substitution for X can be designated by replacement inside "P(X)", say
P(2) = 13
or P(X + 1) = X + 5X + 10X + 7X + 4X − 14. Substitution can however also applied to other kinds of formal objects built from symbols, for instance elements of free groups. In order for substitution to be defined, one needs an algebraic structure with an appropriate universal property, that asserts the existence of unique homomorphisms that send indeterminates to specific values; the substitution then amounts to finding the image under such a homomorphism.
Substitution is related to, but not identical to function composition; it is also closely related to β-reduction in lambda calculus. In contrast to these notions however, the accent in algebra is on the preservation of algebraic structure by the substitution operation, the fact that substitution gives a homomorphism for the structure at hand (in the case of polynomials, the ring structure).
Usage examples of "substitution".
There, in a place where no one knew Mero, there could be a substitution.
But there is no reason to anticipate a speedy breakdown of what one may call particularist religion and the substitution therefor of a faith built up out of many diverse elements and held in common by widely separated tempers.
Such words as peltast, androgyn, and exultant are substitutions of this kind, and are intended to be suggestive rather than definitive.
I would show how stretches of the supercoiled chromosome are simple substitutions for polypeptide chains.
Substitution for a presentment or indictment by a grand jury of the proceeding by information, after examination and commitment by a magistrate, certifying to the probable guilt of the defendant, with the right on his part to the aid of counsel, and to the cross-examination of the witnesses produced for the prosecution is due process of law.
The understanding of the sexual substitution concept provides a criminal profiler with a clearer and more accurate mental picture of the killer.
The substitution of potassium chlorate for pyrolusite is recommended when calcium chloride is present in the bittern.
The contrary might be maintained: that change is more plausibly ranked as a species than is Motion, because change signifies merely the substitution of one thing for another, whereas Motion involves also the removal of a thing from the place to which it belongs, as is shown by locomotion.
As the formula, which we have developed and published here, shows, it is an organic product of substitution in which the styrolene radical and the molybdenum metal occupy the six vertices of a benzine carbide.
As everyone knows today, this compound is formed by the substitution of three atoms of molybdenum and three styrolene radicals in the benzene nucleus.
Beatrice Mangan provide Macrodur with a copy of the Tokyo research confirming eradication of the allomorphic trait in the body through substitution of human DNA.
This is the elemental form of polyalphabetic substitution, for it exhibits all at once all the cipher alphabets in a particular system.
This would have the effect of enciphering one letter into another in a monoalphabetic substitution.
This reverse process, far from being limited with Kundera to an analogy accompanied by a mere substitution of characters, achieves the status of a veritable gnoseological exploration of the theme through its numerous semantic and formal, textual and intertextual transformations.
It was Wagner who created the contradiction which puts his operas in opposition by his substitution of the sacred lance as a dramatic motive for the question.