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sap
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
sap
I.noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
sap morale (=to gradually lower morale)
▪ Knowing it was all pointless sapped my morale.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
poor
▪ An innocent bystander kneeled over. Poor sap.
▪ Just telling the poor saps was not enough, though.
▪ The poor saps come round here and act like they're his equals, and he plays with them.
▪ Now I no longer make fun of those poor saps.
▪ There are no journalists in the country, excluding the poor saps whose job is to regurgitate what the party tells them.
▪ Because I am one of those poor saps.
▪ Maybe it's just me, as another poor sap outside the family circle.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ By this stage the sap in the vine will have withdrawn into the roots.
▪ Freezing is further inhibited when the cell sap is divided into several vacuoles rather than a single large one.
▪ He is hardly a sentimental sap who is prone to vicarious patriotism.
▪ In winter it grew dark and fed on the sap in trees, or the blood of animals.
▪ Prune all the stems back to within about 4in of the ground in mid to late March when the sap is rising.
▪ The country was young, like the century, and full of sap.
▪ There are distinct forms, each with its own beautiful shade of brilliant emerald, sap, and yellowish green.
II.verb
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ NOUN
energy
▪ The Maastricht issue ravaged the party, and sapped the energy and authority of government and prime minister.
▪ Whatever the cause, toxic work situations sap your energy and lull you into a stupor.
▪ The long trek in hot weather sapped our energy and emptied our water bottles.
▪ But the heat and high humidity sapped my energy.
▪ After facing your fear you will be stronger by knowing yourself more deeply and fear will no longer be sapping your vital energy.
strength
▪ It sapped my strength and made sweat trickle into my eyes.
▪ It makes you sick, it saps every bit of strength you got.
▪ The effort began to sap his strength and his muscles quivered as at last he pulled himself over the icy edge.
▪ First, he had to deal with diabetes that sapped his strength.
▪ The first 25 metres are 8a+, serving to sap strength and stamina for the harder moves to come.
▪ Four years ago, Johnson contracted food poisoning prior to the Olympics, the illness sapping his strength and ruining his conditioning.
▪ Insomnia plagued her and sapped her strength.
▪ He also began to believe that clashes between the two most important opposition figures would sap their strength.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ A brief electrical outage had sapped its power.
▪ It sapped my strength and made sweat trickle into my eyes.
▪ It makes you sick, it saps every bit of strength you got.
▪ It was full of long baseline rallies that sap the concentration and the patience.
▪ That, in turn, has started to sap enthusiasm throughout the high-technology sector.
▪ The effort began to sap his strength and his muscles quivered as at last he pulled himself over the icy edge.
▪ Their energy and physique had been sapped by interbreeding.
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Sap

Sap \Sap\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sapped; p. pr. & vb. n. Sapping.] [F. saper (cf. Sp. zapar, It. zapare), fr. sape a sort of scythe, LL. sappa a sort of mattock.]

  1. To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of.

    Nor safe their dwellings were, for sapped by floods, Their houses fell upon their household gods.
    --Dryden.

  2. (Mil.) To pierce with saps.

  3. To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.

    Ring out the grief that saps the mind.
    --Tennyson.

Sap

Sap \Sap\, n. (Mil.) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc.

Sap fagot (Mil.), a fascine about three feet long, used in sapping, to close the crevices between the gabions before the parapet is made.

Sap roller (Mil.), a large gabion, six or seven feet long, filled with fascines, which the sapper sometimes rolls along before him for protection from the fire of an enemy.

Sap

Sap \Sap\, v. i. To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps.
--W. P. Craighill.

Both assaults are carried on by sapping.
--Tatler.

Sap

Sap \Sap\, n. [AS. s[ae]p; akin to OHG. saf, G. saft, Icel. safi; of uncertain origin; possibly akin to L. sapere to taste, to be wise, sapa must or new wine boiled thick. Cf. Sapid, Sapient.]

  1. The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.

    Note: The ascending is the crude sap, the assimilation of which takes place in the leaves, when it becomes the elaborated sap suited to the growth of the plant.

  2. The sapwood, or alburnum, of a tree.

  3. A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop. [Slang]

    Sap ball (Bot.), any large fungus of the genus Polyporus. See Polyporus.

    Sap green, a dull light green pigment prepared from the juice of the ripe berries of the Rhamnus catharticus, or buckthorn. It is used especially by water-color artists.

    Sap rot, the dry rot. See under Dry.

    Sap sucker (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of small American woodpeckers of the genus Sphyrapicus, especially the yellow-bellied woodpecker ( S. varius) of the Eastern United States. They are so named because they puncture the bark of trees and feed upon the sap. The name is loosely applied to other woodpeckers.

    Sap tube (Bot.), a vessel that conveys sap.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
sap

"liquid in a plant," Old English sæpm from Proto-Germanic *sapam (cognates: Middle Low German, Middle Dutch, Dutch sap, Old High German saf, German Saft "juice"), from PIE root *sab- "juice, fluid" (cognates: Sanskrit sabar- "sap, milk, nectar," Latin sapere "to taste," Irish sug, Russian soku "sap," Lithuanian sakas "tree-gum"). As a verb meaning "To drain the sap from," 1725.

sap

"simpleton," 1815, originally especially in Scottish and English schoolboy slang, probably from earlier sapskull (1735), saphead (1798), from sap as a shortened form of sapwood "soft wood between the inner bark and the heartwood" (late 14c.), from sap (n.1) + wood (n.); so called because it conducts the sap; compare sappy.

sap

"dig a trench toward the enemy's position," 1590s, from Middle French saper, from sappe "spade," from Late Latin sappa "spade" (source also of Italian zappa, Spanish zapa "spade"). Extended sense "weaken or destroy insidiously" is from 1755, probably influenced by the verb form of sap (n.1), on the notion of "draining the vital sap from." Related: Sapped; sapping.

sap

"hit with a sap," 1926, from sap (n.3). Related: Sapped; sapping.

sap

"club, stick for hitting," 1899, from shortening of sapwood (see sap (n.2)) or sapling.

Wiktionary
sap

Etymology 1 n. 1 (context uncountable English) The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition. 2 (context uncountable English) The sap-wood, or alburnum, of a tree. 3 (context slang countable English) A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop; a naive person. Etymology 2

n. (context countable US slang English) A short wooden club; a leather-covered hand weapon; a blackjack. vb. (context transitive slang English) To strike with a sap (with a blackjack). Etymology 3

n. (context military English) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc. vb. 1 (context transitive English) To subvert by digging or wear away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of. 2 (context transitive military English) To pierce with saps. 3 To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken. 4 (context transitive English) To gradually weaken. 5 (context intransitive English) To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps — 12

WordNet
sap
  1. n. a watery solution of sugars, salts, and minerals that circulates through the vascular system of a plant

  2. a person who lacks good judgment [syn: fool, saphead, muggins, tomfool]

  3. a piece of metal covered by leather with a flexible handle; used for hitting people [syn: blackjack, cosh]

  4. [also: sapping, sapped]

sap
  1. v. deplete; "exhaust one's savings"; "We quickly played out our strength" [syn: run down, exhaust, play out, tire]

  2. excavate the earth beneath

  3. [also: sapping, sapped]

Wikipedia
Sap (disambiguation)

Sap is the fluid transported in xylem cells (tracheids or vessel elements) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant.

Sap may also refer to:

Sap (EP)

Sap is the first studio EP by the American rock band Alice in Chains. It was released on February 4, 1992 through Columbia Records.

Sap

Sap is a fluid transported in xylem cells (vessel elements) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant. These cells transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Sap is not to be confused with latex, resin or cell sap; it is a separate substance, separately produced, and with different components and functions.

Sap (village)

''' Sap ''' (, ) is a village and municipality in the Dunajská Streda District in the Trnava Region of south-west Slovakia. The outlet channel of the Gabčíkovo – Nagymaros Dams re-enters the Danube at the village.

Sáp

Sáp is a village in Hajdú-Bihar county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.

Sap (producer)

Jonathan King (born February 6, 1990), better known by his stage name Sap (sometimes stylized SAP) is an American hip hop record producer and rapper. SAP is an acronym for "Sound of A Pioneer". He works closely with producers Cool & Dre, and is signed to their record label Epidemic Records and Cash Money Records. Sap has produced for artists such as Mac Miller, The Game, Schoolboy Q, Tyga, Chris Webby, Juicy J, Juelz Santana, Fat Joe, Freddie Gibbs, and Meek Mill among others. He is best known for producing Mac Miller's Platinum single " Donald Trump" and " Watching Movies", and The Game's " Celebration". As a rapper he is the leader of the group The Pioneer Crew.

Usage examples of "sap".

August flares adust and torrid, But my heart is full of April Sap and sweetness.

It was as if spring laughed for joy beholding in him one that was her own child, clothed to outward view with so much loveliness and grace, but full besides to the eyes and finger-tips with fire and vital sap, like her own buds bursting in the Brankdale coppices.

But when I look into a glass, I see there an aged stranger, sapped and sagged and blemished and enfeebled by the corroding rusts of five and sixty years.

Then she took small handfuls of the doughy root starch, mixed with the berries, the sweet, flavorful licorice-fern root stalk, and the sweetening and thickening sap from the birch cambium, and dropped them on the hot rocks.

She had caulked the wood with fresh frag sap, learning that it did quite well if applied in many thin coats and allowed to dry between.

So now they hunt down any fanger, find the poor saps the vamps have infected, and let those saps know that they can fight the curse through Zera.

Somewhere toward the east, nuzzled by the Suwannee River, was Gilchrist County, which in scraggly ten-acre parcels Eugenie Fonda and Boyd Shreave had hawked over the phone to all those innocent saps.

I was surprised to find that, at a distance of less than an eighth of a mile from the latter place, the military had fixed their gabions, sapped right up the glacis, and to within four or five yards of the fosse.

Still they may have thought, by meeting Richard and his inamorata, there was a chance of laying a foundation of ridicule to sap the passion.

When the lopper had laid it bare and the woodcutters had sapped its base, five men commenced hauling at the rope attached to the top.

They sapped each navvy, powering them down enough to pry out some portable power cells, but not so far that the navvy would register a malf.

The numbing sap coated the whole surface, and she scooped it away as she examined herself.

Naked from the waist up, she spread handfuls of the numbing sap on her body, like a salve, from head to waist.

But this ontology discloses not so much what gives beings their foundation as what bears them for an instant towards a precarious form and yet is already secretly sapping them from within in order to destroy them.

I detected whiffs of pineapple and brown sugar and the burnt sugar smell of baking sweet potatoes oozing sap onto the oven floor.