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period
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
period
I.noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a brief period/time
▪ He lived there all his life, apart from a brief period during the war.
a painful time/period
▪ The US is in for a painful period of adjustment.
a period of absence
▪ You must submit a doctor's statement to cover the period of absence beyond the seventh day.
a period of illness
▪ He returned to work after a period of illness.
a period of observation
▪ The hospital released him after a period of observation.
a period of time
▪ Over a period of time the students develop their own ideas.
a period of unrest
▪ The election results were followed by a long period of unrest.
a period of/in history
▪ a glorious period in English history
a rest day/period
▪ The crew had a three hour rest period before their next flight.
a transition period/a period of transition
▪ The major industrial nations are in a period of transition.
a transition period/a period of transition
▪ The major industrial nations are in a period of transition.
a...short period of time
▪ Germany achieved spectacular economic success in a relatively short period of time.
cooling-off period
▪ Customers signing new life policies will have a cooling-off period of 14 days in which to cancel.
extended period of time
▪ If you are going abroad for an extended period of time, you should consider renting your house out.
formative years/period/stages etc (=the period when someone’s character develops)
▪ He exposed his children to music throughout their formative years.
free period
gestation period
▪ The gestation period of a horse is about 11 months.
induction course/programme/period etc
▪ a two-day induction course
initial stage/phase/period
▪ the initial stages of the disease
long period of time
▪ a long period of time
menstrual period
off-peak periods
▪ Telephone charges are lower during off-peak periods.
period costume (=the clothes of a period of history)
▪ performers dressed in period costume
period of adjustment
▪ a period of adjustment
period of inactivity
▪ The time spent between jobs should not be a period of inactivity.
period pain
period piece
▪ a house furnished with period pieces
post-war period/years/era
▪ food rationing in the immediate post-war years
short period
▪ I learned a lot during my short period as a junior reporter.
sunny periods/spells/intervals (=periods when it is sunny)
▪ sunny periods/spells/intervals
the Christmas season/period (=the days around and including Christmas Day)
▪ Most stores need extra staff during the Christmas season.
the consultation process/period
▪ an eight-week consultation process
the modern age/era/period (=now, rather than in the past)
▪ In the modern age, television is the main means of mass communication.
transitional period/stage etc
▪ a transitional period during the switch to the Euro
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
brief
▪ During the brief period of open water in summer temperatures rise 2-3°C in the upper 10 m layer.
▪ A Louisiana statute authorizing a brief period of silent meditation was also challenged by students.
▪ The seizure usually lasts about 1 minute and is typically followed by a brief period of confusion.
▪ Since being stuck in Cork he'd had only two brief periods of leave with her.
▪ Runners set intervals during which they run hard and fast for a brief period, and then recover.
▪ These mains spikes sometime consist of surges of thousands of volts, albeit for very brief periods.
▪ During the brief period I spoke of, we had a second lieutenant take over the platoon.
early
▪ There are manifest continuities between the rites of violence in contemporary Britain and earlier periods.
▪ Many of the gains were posted late, following an earlier period of intense volatility.
▪ The Renaissance then can be seen as an addition to the early modern period.
▪ Many couples have reported that they relied heavily on one another during the early period.
▪ Certainly for earlier periods the rarity and high monetary value of items will place them beyond the reach of schools.
▪ The Renaissance is frequently presented as what is truest, best, and most pleasing about the early modern period.
▪ From the early period of tin mining to the 1940s women were often concentrators of minerals.
▪ We are already beyond documentary description of such features in the early Saxon period.
initial
▪ During the initial period, from summer 1994 to summer 1995, Madrid.
▪ It also established a Special Review Court with powers to review detention orders and to extend the initial 14-day detention period.
▪ The initial period lasts for 20 working days.
▪ If the tank is well-established, however, they will normally find enough microorganisms to keep them going during this initial period.
▪ An initial period of identification is important to a repressed group that has never had adequate self-images.
▪ Would he ever get over this initial shock period?
▪ All these services require substantial management and specialist support beyond the initial setting-up period, which has often proved difficult to provide.
late
▪ At the end of the lane, round a chicken-leg turn lay a large haveli of the late Mughal period.
▪ In a cemetery from the Late Cucuteni period in Moldavia excavators found two burials of girls about 9-10 years old.
▪ It also seems likely that he-and the design team-were tempted by the clothes of the later period.
▪ Revenue in the latest nine-month period climbed to $ 53. 3 million from $ 43. 5 million.
▪ These reflect a relatively late period of modest success for the town.
▪ By the late 1930s-the period that Marshak was thinking about-the minimum average was fluctuating between 80 and 83.
▪ The other two churches are less interesting due to alterations and restorations in later periods.
▪ For the latest period, the company cited higher noninterest income and a continuing cost-cutting effort.
long
▪ Just one letter from Tyndale survives from his long period in prison.
▪ However, many of the general conclusions from these studies are applicable to systems with longer periods.
▪ Doctors claim their major concern over boxing is the brain damage suffered over long periods.
▪ We were really in combat, and we were shot at nearly daily for what seemed a long period of time.
▪ Drug doses also tend to be higher and given for longer periods.
▪ P would like to see the debt spread over a longer period.
▪ A hysterectomy is a major operation with a long recovery period.
▪ Wear comfortable shoes; you may be doing some walking or standing for long periods of time.
short
▪ The Government warned that it would apply only for a short period.
▪ The excess fuel cools the engine - acceptable for short periods in the climb but inefficient and expensive for extended cruise.
▪ Some were from a local technical college and were taken for short periods.
▪ The idea would be to compile over a short period a national register of wealth holdings.
▪ In addition to this decrease in size child bearing is now concentrated into a much shorter period of a woman's life.
▪ At least for the short period of time he expected the combat to last.
▪ Affected fish are dipped in such a solution for a short period and then can be safely returned to the pool.
▪ A staggering challenge in such a short period.
transitional
▪ New political reforms were announced in April 1990, to include the introduction of a three-party system after a one-year transitional period.
▪ These managers were from the transitional period between the Organization Man age and the baby boomer generation.
▪ In communities especially, and after some transitional period in the factories as well.
▪ This is a transitional period between wakefulness and sleep lasting only about three to five minutes.
▪ Only during the transitional period when unemployment is rising will the chain be lengthened somewhat.
▪ The outcome of this transitional period is unknown, but the forces pushing and pulling at various possibilities can be discerned.
▪ The complexity was intended to last only for a transitional period.
▪ Can the transitional period be extended for negotiation between union and employer?
■ NOUN
time
▪ In addition, the Boolean techniques show how the relationships differ across shorter moments within the overall time periods that are compared.
▪ Flex ManufacturingSmaller numbers of items can be produced in smaller time periods with smaller equipment.
▪ It is important to remember that a classic type of restraint of trade clause frequently mentions two quite separate time periods.
▪ Industry political action committees contributed $ 23, 500 to Dole in the same time period.
▪ Not really; the time period over which the returns are expected to arrive should not affect the investors' overall requirements.
▪ The time period that funds can be invested is critical in maximizing the returns from investments.
▪ The total return from a security in a future time period is dependent on a series of anticipated and unanticipated events.
▪ Answer guide: The time period for a budget will normally be one year.
transition
▪ The use of coercion in the transition period.
▪ After the transition period, broadcasters were to return the original spectrum to the government for auction.
▪ The postponement of the conference was cited as a reason for the extension of the transition period.
▪ Britain won an important concession-a 15-year transition period during which the regulation would not apply.
▪ Despite a ten-year transition period, both countries suffered balance of payments problems on entering the Community.
▪ There is inevitably a transition period after the implementation of any major piece of legislation.
▪ For Bukharin, the transition period encompassed two distinct phases.
trial
▪ The redundancy payments legislation allows employees a four-week trial period in which to make up their minds.
▪ Children have been taken on by the Institute and given trial periods.
▪ And they have warned they are only prepared to leave services as they are for a trial period.
▪ These markets should be deregulated initially for a three-year trial period, said the review.
▪ If you accept the offer of a new job on changed terms, a trial period comes into effect automatically.
▪ Andrew and Wendy plan to work with drug addicts in Hong Kong and they will soon embark on a two-month trial period.
▪ Agents are usually appointed for a trial period at first, with extensions to the contract after that.
▪ Forty four patients with Crohn's disease were examined for eligibility during the trial period.
year
▪ If you were disqualified and must pass the driving test again the two year period begins when you pass the test.
▪ During the 10-#year period, the average annual return on stock funds of all varieties was 12. 82.
▪ It should also be noted that there is a mileage restriction over the three year period of 12,000 miles a year.
▪ This project investigates the effects of takeovers and mergers which have occurred in the ten year period from 1975.
▪ Hand studied 65 theses on entomology produced within the colleges of the University of London over a five year period.
▪ All debentures are for a 10 year period.
▪ There are differing views about whether three years or a single year period would be better or worse.
▪ These were established in 1948 and awards are made biennially to one or more candidates over a one or two year period.
■ VERB
cover
▪ They cover the same period of history and yet talk about it in completely different ways.
▪ The responses covered a period of time from 1983 to 1992 and pertained to practices at the time of questioning.
▪ Some customers, however, will receive one bill covering a different period, either longer or shorter than normal.
▪ Obviously, it is not possible in a single chapter to cover the whole 1913-1980 period in any detail.
▪ When possible, a system of internal rotation of staff covering the 24-hour period is desirable.
▪ It covers that period - she began it when they moved to Richmond.
▪ The most comprehensive in terms of social class origins covers the period from 1820 to 1968.
▪ Our study attempts to begin to cover the period of silence of information.
extend
▪ Does it happen only after an extended period of inactivity?
▪ But many of the adults found excuses to disappear into the lobby for extended periods.
▪ The king extended the period of the trial in anticipation of objections from the Harrisons' enemies.
▪ Most hire firms will, however, extend the period of hire, unless the equipment has been promised to some one else.
▪ It looked as if I was going to be out of commission for another extended period of time.
▪ We are in a honeymoon period, and I believe it is an extended honeymoon period.
▪ The compromise gives new recipients 18 months, with the county option of extending the period to two years.
follow
▪ There followed a period of over a year when Karl moved aimlessly through a succession of jobs.
▪ The seizure usually lasts about 1 minute and is typically followed by a brief period of confusion.
▪ Outlook for tomorrow and Wednesday: Rain clearing eastern areas, followed by sunny periods and showers from the west.
▪ Many of the gains were posted late, following an earlier period of intense volatility.
▪ Nor did it follow a period of economic and demographic stagnation.
▪ There followed an alarming period in which the carefully contrived economic recovery and social peace created under the Callaghan government disintegrated.
▪ Brain does not exclude brawn; displays of explosive strength can be followed by periods of cerebral calm.
▪ There followed a period of about fifteen years when creative genius became evident, such as the works of William Shakespeare.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
fallow period
▪ Properly looked after they can produce several crops a year and remain fertile for centuries without needing a fallow period.
▪ There are sudden, dramatic leaps in small children's learning, interspersed with long fallow periods when nothing seems to happen.
interim period
▪ In the interim period the business will still be managed by the vendor.
▪ In the interim period, we moved to Kent to work at Hildenborough Hall.
▪ Occasionally, in the interim period while he was still unattached on the side, he talked of consolidating his marriage.
▪ Scand. will continue in this capacity on behalf of Dalton for an interim period.
▪ The early Church saw, in the parable, a warning to be faithful in the interim period prior to the Second Coming.
▪ We have to come to some kind of deal with the trade unions in this complex interim period.
off period/season etc
▪ In 1967, he began spending the off season working as an assistant to one of California Gov.
▪ Q: What do you do in the off season?
▪ She worked in the store's office during the off season while attending Indiana.
▪ The remaining truffles are boiled for sterilization and canned for sale as truffles and as truffle juice during the off season.
payback period
▪ Companies using this method will usually reject any project which exceeds their target payback period.
▪ In other cases a criterion may be needed, and one frequently used is the payback period.
▪ Many companies still use incredibly short payback periods, often set by financial directors playing a very risk-averse game.
▪ Research allocations are typically modest and payback periods required tend to be short.
▪ Second,, it ignores expected cash flows beyond the payback period.
▪ Table 5. 4 presents estimates of the payback period of conversion options on a typical 200 megawatt plant.
the festive season/period/holiday
▪ River Island women's range has already got party dresses in for the festive season.
▪ She was furious that the work could not be done during the festive season.
▪ The Chief Executive's Management Group have agreed that the same approach should be adopted for the festive season 1991/92.
▪ The food smelled good to her, reflecting the festive holiday preparation.
▪ We will always be grateful to the doctors and nurses who worked during the festive season, as well as all year round.
▪ With every good wish for the festive season and the New Year ahead.
the intervening years/months/period etc
▪ But some underlying patterning remains, despite the intervening years and the subtle shifts in values and beliefs.
▪ I wanted to look young when I met my brother, perhaps because I had accomplished nothing in the intervening years.
▪ In the intervening years, as property taxes ate away at their nest egg, their proposals for other developments fell flat.
▪ Over the intervening years the inter-action and travelling of these eight aircraft is intricate.
▪ Recounting the matter in present time-without being returned-the patient is using all the intervening years as buffers against the painful emotion.
▪ Some time, then, during the intervening years, he had been granted a barony.
▪ The answer depends, to some degree, on the effectiveness of those who have been active in the intervening years.
▪ To occupy the intervening months she took a job in a hospital.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ "Siesta" is the best example of work from Storni's early period.
▪ A five-day waiting period is required to purchase a handgun.
▪ After a brief period of independence, Belorussia came under Soviet rule.
▪ Anne had difficulty holding down a job for any period of time.
▪ At our school we have four periods in the morning and three in the afternoon.
▪ black immigration into Britain during the post-war period
▪ During this period, Tanya was making very little money.
▪ Many of Britain's roads were built originally in the Roman period.
▪ Mike's taking Spanish second period.
▪ On Monday mornings there was French, English, and then a double period of maths.
▪ the Byzantine period, between the fourth and seventh centuries A.D.
▪ The company expects a growth in profitability over a longer period.
▪ The loan has to be repaid over a 15-month period.
▪ The money can be paid back over a five-year period.
▪ The researchers observed mothers and their new infants for a three-day period.
▪ The restoration of the ceiling was completed over a period of two years.
▪ The work had to be completed within a limited period of time.
▪ Then, within a short period, his mother, father, and brother all died.
▪ These accounts are drawn up for a period of 52 weeks.
▪ This chapter will focus primarily on the Neolithic period in Europe.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Aerobic exercise is characterized by the body using large muscle groups in rhythmical continuous activity for relatively long periods of time.
▪ Each team started slowly offensively before catching fire in the final seven minutes of the opening period.
▪ He did not receive offers from any other club during the free-agency period.
▪ He later served as their music instructor for a brief period during the brothers' high school years.
▪ If we are indeed in such a digestive, living-with-it, period it would explain something which is otherwise puzzling.
▪ Within this period, the most significant day is Christmas Eve.
II.adjective
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
payback period
▪ Companies using this method will usually reject any project which exceeds their target payback period.
▪ In other cases a criterion may be needed, and one frequently used is the payback period.
▪ Many companies still use incredibly short payback periods, often set by financial directors playing a very risk-averse game.
▪ Research allocations are typically modest and payback periods required tend to be short.
▪ Second,, it ignores expected cash flows beyond the payback period.
▪ Table 5. 4 presents estimates of the payback period of conversion options on a typical 200 megawatt plant.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Decor includes period furniture and contemporary art.
▪ There was period furniture which looked as if it had always been in place and big log fires.
▪ They haven't attempted to create period rooms, and they don't have the big architectural framework of our museum.
Related phrases:
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Period

Period \Pe"ri*od\, v. t. To put an end to. [Obs.]
--Shak.

Period

Period \Pe"ri*od\, n. [L. periodus, Gr. ? a going round, a way round, a circumference, a period of time; ? round, about + ? a way: cf. F. p['e]riode.]

  1. A portion of time as limited and determined by some recurring phenomenon, as by the completion of a revolution of one of the heavenly bodies; a division of time, as a series of years, months, or days, in which something is completed, and ready to recommence and go on in the same order; as, the period of the sun, or the earth, or a comet.

  2. Hence: A stated and recurring interval of time; more generally, an interval of time specified or left indefinite; a certain series of years, months, days, or the like; a time; a cycle; an age; an epoch; as, the period of the Roman republic.

    How by art to make plants more lasting than their ordinary period.
    --Bacon.

  3. (Geol.) One of the great divisions of geological time; as, the Tertiary period; the Glacial period. See the Chart of Geology.

  4. The termination or completion of a revolution, cycle, series of events, single event, or act; hence, a limit; a bound; an end; a conclusion.
    --Bacon.

    So spake the archangel Michael; then paused, As at the world's great period.
    --Milton.

    Evils which shall never end till eternity hath a period.
    --Jer. Taylor.

    This is the period of my ambition.
    --Shak.

  5. (Rhet.) A complete sentence, from one full stop to another; esp., a well-proportioned, harmonious sentence. ``Devolved his rounded periods.''
    --Tennyson.

    Periods are beautiful when they are not too long.
    --B. Johnson.

    Note: The period, according to Heyse, is a compound sentence consisting of a protasis and apodosis; according to Becker, it is the appropriate form for the co["o]rdinate propositions related by antithesis or causality.
    --Gibbs.

  6. (Print.) The punctuation point [.] that marks the end of a complete sentence, or of an abbreviated word.

  7. (Math.) One of several similar sets of figures or terms usually marked by points or commas placed at regular intervals, as in numeration, in the extraction of roots, and in circulating decimals.

  8. (Med.) The time of the exacerbation and remission of a disease, or of the paroxysm and intermission.

  9. (Mus.) A complete musical sentence.

    The period, the present or current time, as distinguished from all other times.

    Syn: Time; date; epoch; era; age; duration; limit; bound; end; conclusion; determination.

Period

Period \Pe"ri*od\, v. i. To come to a period; to conclude. [Obs.] ``You may period upon this, that,'' etc.
--Felthman.

Related phrases:
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
period

early 15c., "course or extent of time," from Middle French periode (14c.) and directly from Medieval Latin periodus "recurring portion, cycle," from Latin periodus "a complete sentence," also "cycle of the Greek games," from Greek periodos "cycle, circuit, period of time," literally "a going around," from peri- "around" (see peri-) + hodos "a going, way, journey" (see cede).\n

\nSense of "repeated cycle of events" led to that of "interval of time." Meaning "dot marking end of a sentence" first recorded c.1600, from similar use in Medieval Latin (in late 16c. English it meant "full pause at the end of a sentence"). Sense of "menstruation" dates from 1822. Educational sense of "portion of time set apart for a lesson" is from 1876. Sporting sense attested from 1898. As an adjective from 1905; period piece attested from 191

Wiktionary
period

  1. 1 appropriate for a given historical era. 2 (context of a film, or play, or similar English) Set in and designed to evoke a particular historical period, especially through the use of elaborate costumes and scenery. interj. (context chiefly North America English) And nothing else; and nothing less; used for emphasis. n. A length of time. (from 17th c.) v

  2. 1 (context obsolete intransitive English) To come to a period; to conclude. 2 To put an end to.

Related phrases:
WordNet
period

  1. n. an amount of time; "a time period of 30 years"; "hastened the period of time of his recovery"; "Picasso's blue period" [syn: time period, period of time]

  2. one of three periods of play in hockey games

  3. a stage in the history of a culture having a definable place in space and time; "a novel from the Victorian period" [syn: historic period, historical period]

  4. the interval taken to complete one cycle of a regularly repeating phenomenon

  5. the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus of nonpregnant women from puberty to menopause; "the women were sickly and subject to excessive menstruation"; "a woman does not take the gout unless her menses be stopped"--Hippocrates; "the semen begins to appear in males and to be emitted at the same time of life that the catamenia begin to flow in females"--Aristotle [syn: menstruation, menses, menstruum, catamenia, flow]

  6. a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations; "in England they call a period a stop" [syn: point, full stop, stop, full point]

  7. a unit of geological time during which a system of rocks formed; "ganoid fishes swarmed during the earlier geological periods" [syn: geological period]

  8. the end or completion of something; "death put a period to his endeavors"; "a change soon put a period to my tranquility"

Related phrases:
Wikipedia
Period

Period may refer to:

Period (music)

In music, period refers to certain types of recurrence in small-scale formal structure. In twentieth-century music scholarship, the term is usually used as defined by the Oxford Companion to Music: "a period consists of two phrases, antecedent and consequent, each of which begins with the same basic motif." Earlier usage varied somewhat, but usually referred to a similar notions of symmetry, recurrence, and closure. The concept of a musical period originates in comparisons between music structure and rhetoric at least as early as the 16th century.

Period (physics)
  1. Redirect Frequency
Period (periodic table)

A period is one of the horizontal rows in the periodic table, all of whose elements have the same number of electron shells. Going across a period, each element has one more proton and is less metalic than its predecessor. Arranged this way, groups of elements in the same column have similar chemical and physical properties, reflecting the periodic law. For example, the alkaline metals lie in the first column ( group 1) and share similar properties, such as high reactivity and the tendency to lose one electron to arrive at a noble-gas electronic configuration. The periodic table of elements has a total of 118 elements.

Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table.

In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down groups are more significant). However, in the d-block, trends across periods become significant, and in the f-block elements show a high degree of similarity across periods.

Period (gene)

Period (per) is a gene located on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. Oscillations in levels of both per transcript and its corresponding protein PER have a period of approximately 24 hours and together play a central role in the molecular mechanism of the Drosophila biological clock driving circadian rhythms in eclosion and locomotor activity. Mutations in the per gene can shorten (per), lengthen (per), and even abolish (per) the period of the circadian rhythm.

Period (school)

A school period is a block of time allocated for lessons, classes in schools. They typically last between 40 and 60 minutes, with around 3-8 periods per school day. However, especially in higher education, there can be many more. Educators determine the number and length of these periods, and may even regulate how each period will be used. One common example of this practice is to designate at least one compulsory period a day for physical education.

Period (Another American Lie)

Period (Another American Lie) is the debut studio album by B.A.L.L., released in 1987 by Shimmy Disc.

Period (geology)

A geologic period is one of several subdivisions of geologic time enabling cross-referencing of rocks and geologic events from place to place.

These periods form elements of a hierarchy of divisions into which geologists have split the Earth's history.

Eons and eras are larger subdivisions than periods while periods themselves may be divided into epochs and ages.

The rocks formed during a period belong to a stratigraphic unit called a system.

Related phrases:

Usage examples of "period".

When we reach that period my readers must kindly accompany me to the breakfast.

If it be possible to measure the interval between the philosophic writings of Cicero and the sacred legend of Theodoret, between the character of Cato and that of Simeon, we may appreciate the memorable revolution which was accomplished in the Roman empire within a period of five hundred years.

Since their institution or revival by Augustus, they had been celebrated by Claudius, by Domitian, and by Severus, and were now renewed the fifth time, on the accomplishment of the full period of a thousand years from the foundation of Rome.

It is true, the prices assigned by the assize of Richard were meant as a standard for the accompts of sheriffs and escheators and as considerable profits were allowed to these ministers, we may naturally suppose that the common value of cattle was somewhat higher: yet still, so great a difference between the prices of corn and cattle as that of four to one, compared to the present rates, affords important reflections concerning the very different state of industry and tillage in the two periods.

Yet it may be doubted whether in any quarter of the world, sedimentary deposits, including fossil remains, have gone on accumulating within the same area during the whole of this period.

But when this period arrives and the menstrual discharge takes place into the vagina, the female will suffer from the retention and accumulation of this secretion, and ultimately a tumor or a protrusion of the membrane which closes the vagina will occur, giving rise to severe pain and other serious symptoms.

With mammoth government contracts in the offing, Weinberg had no trouble converting the Business Advisory Council of leading businessmen into an agency for helping governmental leaders plan the policies for war and for the post-war period.

An allegorical interpretation, in the form, perhaps, of a marginal note, invaded the text of the Latin Bibles, which were renewed and corrected in a dark period of ten centuries.

Hence it was held that certain Indian allottees under an agreement according to which, in part consideration of their relinquishment of all their claim to tribal property, they were to receive in severalty allotments of lands which were to be nontaxable for a specified period, acquired vested rights of exemption from State taxation which were protected by the Fifth Amendment against abrogation by Congress.

It is a curious and a mystical fact, that at the period to which I am alluding, and a very short time, only a little month, before he successfully solicited the hand of Miss Milbanke, being at Newstead, he fancied that he saw the ghost of the monk which is supposed to haunt the abbey, and to make its ominous appearance when misfortune or death impends over the master of the mansion.

Their other ally, Grigoriev, was of little use at the time, as he was traversing the most chaotic and anarchic period of his life.

If we accept the skeletal evidence presented in these reports, we must go further and accept the existence of anatomically modern human beings in these remote periods.

Liebreich found examples of retinal hemorrhage in suppressed menstruation, and Sir James Paget says that he has seen a young girl at Moorfields who had a small effusion of blood into the anterior chamber of the eye at the menstrual period, which became absorbed during the intervals of menstruation.

This type of exposure leads to gastrointestinal anthrax, which usually has an incubation period of two to five days.

In the cases following September 11, there was evidence that the anthrax spores had been specially treated so they would remain suspended in the air for prolonged periods, making them more likely to be inhaled because they could literally float out of an envelope.