What is "cocaine"

Cocaine \Co"ca*ine\, n. (Chem.) A powerful narcotic alkaloid, C17H21NO4, obtained from the leaves of coca. It is a bitter, white, crystalline substance, and is remarkable for producing local insensibility to pain. It is classified as addictive and is not available in the U. S. without a prescription, but is nevertheless one of the most widespread illegal drugs of abuse. It is used in several forms, including small pellets of free base, called crack. Most of the cacaine illegally used in the U.S. is imported.

1874, from Modern Latin cocaine (1856), coined by Albert Niemann of Gottingen University from coca (from Quechua cuca) + chemical suffix -ine (2). A medical coinage, the drug was used 1870s as a local anaesthetic for eye surgery, etc. "It is interesting to note that although cocaine is pronounced as a disyllabic word it is trisyllabic in its formation." [Flood]

n. 1 (context uncountable English) A stimulant narcotic, derived from cultivated plants of the genus (taxlink Erythroxylum genus noshow=1), in the form of a white powder that users generally self-administer by insufflation through the nose. 2 (context countable English) Any derivative of cocaine.

n. a narcotic (alkaloid) extracted from coca leaves; used as a surface anesthetic or taken for pleasure; can become powerfully addictive [syn: cocain]

"Cocaine" is a song written and recorded in 1976 by JJ Cale, who was until then a little known country blues singer with a particular relaxed style. Both Cale and the song became famous when a cover version was recorded by Eric Clapton. The song was featured in the 2004 film Starsky & Hutch, and in the 2005 films Lord of War and Bad News Bears.

Cocaine is a highly caffeinated energy drink distributed by Redux Beverages. It contains more caffeine than rival energy drinks Red Bull and Rockstar, symbolized by three and a half steer heads on the label. Aside from caffeine, the label claims 750 milligrams of taurine, another common ingredient found in many energy drinks.

Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug. It is commonly snorted, inhaled, or injected into the veins. Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation. Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and large pupils. High doses can result in very high blood pressure or body temperature. Effects begin within seconds to minutes of use and last between five and ninety minutes. Cocaine has a small number of accepted medical uses such as numbing and decreasing bleeding during nasal surgery.

Cocaine is addictive due to its effect on the reward pathway in the brain. After a short period of use, there is a high risk that dependence will occur. Its use also increases the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, lung problems in those who smoke it, blood infections, and sudden cardiac death. Cocaine sold on the street is commonly mixed with local anesthetics, cornstarch, quinine, or sugar which can result in additional toxicity. Following repeated doses a person may have decreased ability to feel pleasure and be very physically tired.

Cocaine acts by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. This results in greater concentrations of these three neurotransmitters in the brain. It can easily cross the blood–brain barrier and may lead to the breakdown of the barrier. Cocaine is made from the leaves of the coca plant which are mostly grown in South America. In 2013, 419 kilograms were produced legally. It is estimated that the illegal market for cocaine is 100 to 500 billion USD each year. With further processing crack cocaine can be produced from cocaine.

After cannabis, cocaine is the most frequently used illegal drug globally. Between 14 and 21 million people use the drug each year. Use is highest in North America followed by Europe and South America. Between one and three percent of people in the developed world use cocaine at some point in their life. In 2013 cocaine use directly resulted in 4,300 deaths, up from 2,400 in 1990. The leaves of the coca plant have been used by Peruvians since ancient times. Cocaine was first isolated from the leaves in 1860. Since 1961 the international Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs has required countries to make recreational use of cocaine a crime.

Cocaine is a naturally occurring organic alkaloid present in the leaves of the coca plant.

Cocaine may also refer to:

• Cocaine (PaaS), an open source project
• Cocaine (album), a 2009 album by Z-Ro
• Cocaine (drink), a highly caffeinated energy drink that does not contain the alkaloid cocaine
• Cocaine (film), a 1922 British crime film directed by Graham Cutts
• " Cocaine" (song), a 1976 song by J.J. Cale, later covered by Eric Clapton
• Cocaine: An Unauthorized Biography, a 2002 book by Dominic Streatfeild
• "Cocaine", a poem by Patti Smith in her 1972 book Seventh Heaven
• "Coke'n", a 2002 song by Izzy Stradlin on On Down the Roadalbum

This page provides supplementary chemical data on Cocaine.

Cocaine is the thirteenth solo album by Z-Ro. Guests include Lil' O, Mike D, Big Pokey, Lil' Flip, Billy Cook, Gucci Mane, and Chris Ward.

Cocaine is a 1922 British crime film directed by Graham Cutts and starring Hilda Bayley, Flora Le Breton, Ward McAllister and Cyril Raymond. A melodrama – it depicts the distribution of cocaine by gangsters through a series of London nightclubs and the revenge sought by a man after the death of his daughter.

Because of its depiction of drug use, it was the most controversial British film of the 1920s. It was feared by the authorities that it might encourage the spread of narcotics. However, as the film had a clear message about the dangers of using drugs, it was eventually passed by the censors in June 1922 and released in some cinemas under the alternative title While London Sleeps.

The Chinese gangster Min Fu was reportedly based on a real-life criminal Brilliant Chang.

Cocaine (Configurable Omnipotent Custom Applications Integrated Network Engine) is an open source PaaS system for creating custom cloud hosting apps that are similar to Google App Engine or Heroku.

Any library or service can be implemented as a service in Cocaine using a special API. Several indispensable services have already been implemented this way, including a service for detecting a user's region or language, a service for accessing MongoDB storage, and a URL fetcher.