Crossword clues for symbiosis
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Symbiosis \Sym`bi*o"sis\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. symbi`wsis a living together, symbioy^n to live together; sy`n with + ? to live.] (Biol.) The living together in more or less imitative association or even close union of two dissimilar organisms. In a broad sense the term includes parasitism, or
antipathetic symbiosis, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms, but ordinarily it is used of cases where the association is advantageous, or often necessary, to one or both, and not harmful to either. When there is bodily union (in extreme cases so close that the two form practically a single body, as in the union of alg[ae] and fungi to form lichens, and in the inclusion of alg[ae] in radiolarians) it is called
conjunctive symbiosis; if there is no actual union of the organisms (as in the association of ants with myrmecophytes),
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
1876, as a biological term, "union for life of two different organisms based on mutually benefit," from Greek symbiosis "a living together," from symbioun "live together," from symbios "(one) living together (with another), partner, companion, husband or wife," from assimilated form of syn- "together" (see syn-) + bios "life" (see bio-). Given a wider (non-biological) sense by 1921. An earlier sense of "communal or social life" is found in 1620s. A back-formed verb symbiose is recorded from 1960.
Wiktionary
n. 1 A relationship of mutual benefit. 2 # (context ecology English) A close, prolonged association between two or more organisms of different species that normally benefits both members. 3 (context biology English) A close, prolonged association between two or more organisms of different species, regardless of benefit to the members. 4 (possibly obsolete) The state of people living together in a community.
WordNet
n. the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other [syn: mutualism]
Wikipedia
Symbiosis (from Greek συμβίωσις "living together", from σύν "together" and βίωσις " living") is a close and often long-term interaction between two different biological species. In 1877 Albert Bernhard Frank used the word symbiosis (which previously had been used to depict people living together in community) to describe the mutualistic relationship in lichens. In 1879, the German mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as "the living together of unlike organisms."
The definition of symbiosis has varied among scientists. Some believe symbiosis should only refer to persistent mutualisms, while others believe it should apply to any type of persistent biological interaction (in other words mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic). After 130 years of debate, current biology and ecology textbooks now use the latter "de Bary" definition or an even broader definition (where symbiosis means all species interactions), with the restrictive definition (where symbiosis means mutualism only) no longer used.
Some symbiotic relationships are obligate, meaning that both symbionts entirely depend on each other for survival. For example, many lichens consist of fungal and photosynthetic symbionts that cannot live on their own. Others are facultative (optional): they can, but do not have to live with the other organism.
Symbiotic relationships include those associations in which one organism lives on another ( ectosymbiosis, such as mistletoe), or where one partner lives inside the other ( endosymbiosis, such as lactobacilli and other bacteria in humans or Symbiodinium in corals). Symbiosis is also classified by physical attachment of the organisms; symbiosis in which the organisms have bodily union is called conjunctive symbiosis, and symbiosis in which they are not in union is called disjunctive symbiosis.
Symbiosis is an interaction between two organisms living together in intimate association or the merging of two dissimilar organisms.
Symbiosis may also refer to:
- Symbiosis (film), directed by Paul Gerber
- "Symbiosis" (Star Trek: The Next Generation), TV series episode
- Symbiosis Society, a family of educational institutions in India
- Simbiosys, a chemical software company
The biological term symbiosis was adopted for chemistry by Jørgensen in 1964, who applied it to the process by which, say, a hard ligand on a metal predisposes the metal to receive another hard ligand rather than a soft ligand. In fact, two superficially antithetical phenomena occur: symbiosis and antisymbiosis.
Symbiosis is an album by jazz pianist Bill Evans with an orchestra arranged and conducted by Claus Ogerman recorded in 1974 and released on the MPS label. It was the third orchestral album by Evans and Ogerman following Plays the Theme from The V.I.P.s and Other Great Songs and Bill Evans Trio with Symphony Orchestra (1965).
Symbiosis was a 70 mm film shown from October 1982 to January 1995 in the Harvest Theater at The Land pavilion at Epcot at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. It was directed by Paul Gerber and narrated by veteran voice-actor Philip L. Clarke.
The movie focused on the balance between technological expansion and the protection of the environment. The film showed environmental damage caused by humans and what is being done to fix the damage created.
It closed on January 1, 1995 and was replaced by Circle of Life: An Environmental Fable. The new film featured some re-edited footage from Symbiosis.
The film has since been shown at film festivals specialising in the 70 mm film format; at the National Media Museum in 1998, and in Karlsruhe, Germany in 2012.
"Symbiosis" is the 22nd episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation. It first aired on April 18, 1988, in broadcast syndication. The teleplay was written by Robert Lewin, Richard Manning, and Hans Beimler, based on a story by Lewin, and the episode was directed by Win Phelps.
Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the crew of the Starfleet starship Enterprise-D. In this episode, Captain Jean-Luc Picard ( Patrick Stewart) tries to mediate a trade dispute between two co-dependent neighbouring planets regarding medical supplies which turn out to be narcotic drugs.
The episode was written after executive producer Maurice Hurley worked on Miami Vice, which he credited for resulting in a narcotic theme in the episode. The guest cast included Judson Scott and Merritt Butrick who had both appeared in Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (1982). The episode received mixed reviews with criticism directed at the subject matter and the unsubtle nature of the presentation.
Symbiosis is a British musical ensemble which creates relaxing, ambient music. Symbiosis was first formed in 1987 and consisted of a trio with: flautist, John Hackett; guitarist and cellist, Richard Bolton; and singer, flautist, keyboard player and percussionist, Clive Williamson. Symbiosis' music is used mainly by individuals, therapists and their clients, hospitals, and businesses as a means of relaxation. Symbiosis' music is free-flowing and melodic, as to not disturb deep relaxation of the listener. The group is best known for its album Touching the Clouds (1992), which was found to produce the lowest heart-beat rate in a test at Kingston University and was later recommended by doctors at St Bartholomew's Hospital in London to help reduce stress.
Other musicians who have played on albums by Symbiosis include: Ian Ritchie (soprano sax); Ashley Drees (cittern and mandolin); Michèle Drees (percussion); Sarah Devonald (oboe & cor anglais); Rupert Flindt (fretless bass); Maloviere (tsimbala and violin); Nicki Paxman (violin and keyboards); and Emily Sinclair (flute and vocals).
Symbiosis, is a public artwork by American artist Richard Hunt, located at the Carnegie Hall on the Howard University campus in Washington, D.C., United States. Symbiosis was originally surveyed as part of the Smithsonian's Save Outdoor Sculpture! survey in 1993.
Symbiosis is the second studio album from A Bullet for Pretty Boy. Razor & Tie alongside Artery Recordings released the album on July 31, 2012. A Bullet for Pretty Boy worked with Zeuss, in the production of this album, at Planet Z Studio.
Symbiosis is a compilation album by Demdike Stare, released on October 13, 2009 by Modern Love Records. It comprises the duo's two self-titled EPs, which had been exclusive to the vinyl format.
Usage examples of "symbiosis".
I need another etymology: parasitism, helotism, commensalism, mutualism, dulosis, symbiosis.
Later, when the time is right, there may be fusion and symbiosis among the bits, and then we will see eukaryotic thought, metazoans of thought, huge interliving coral shoals of thought.
The nitrogen-fixing rhizobia in root nodules, the mycetomes of insects, and the enzyme-producing colonies in the digestive tracts of many animals are variations of this meticulously symmetrical symbiosis.
Great sleek-limbed, hornless, racing deer, birds or mammals adapted to some hitherto unfulfilled role, bears intended to outclass all existing varieties in the struggle for existence, ants with specialized organs and instincts, improvements in the relations of parasite and host, so as to make a true symbiosis in which the host profited by the parasite.
Core, they would have to abandon zero-sum parasitism and discover true symbiosis.
The computer even has a symbiosis of sorts with its viruses, just as humans have coevolved with certain biological microorganisms.
Polycarbon Clique: a fungus and an alga, potential rivals, united in symbiosis to accomplish what neither could do alone, just as the Clique united Mechanist and Shaper to bring life to Mars.
Maybe those ciliated protozoa that had a variant genetic code were descended from some cilia who had been in symbiosis with other cells in the past, developing genetic-code variations for the same safety-net reasons mitochondria had but, unlike the cilia we still retained, had subsequently broken off the symbiosis and returned to stand-alone life.
For each, we have to ask, is this parasitism, commensalism, or symbiosis?
Yet the crux of it was this: If Fee was right and the Extro had indeed taken possession of Guess, plus all the other electronics in the world, what would be the outcome of this commensalism, collaboration, symbiosis or, most probably, parasitism?
Co-Lateral Symbiosis of the Boll Weevil, and so on, through three inches of fine print The old boy seemed to be a heavyweight.
As the brain surgeons and the neurologists probe further, as the bio-engineers and the mathematicians, the communications experts and robot-builders become more sophisticated, as the space men and their capsules grow closer and closer to one another, as machines begin to embody biological components and men come bristling with sensors and mechanical organs, the ultimate symbiosis approaches.
Your astonishing symbiosis with the Extro and the electronic network.
They existed in benign Symbiosis with the official barricade of flappers, since it was recognized almost universally that the tighter the system the more need for a safety valve.
Maybe there'll be a new partnership out there among the starsthe descendants of free-living flatworms existing side by side in technological symbiosis with the descendants of parasitic roundworms.