Crossword clues for substrate
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Substrate \Sub"strate\, n. A substratum. [R.]
Substrate \Sub"strate\, a. Having very slight furrows. [R.]
Substrate \Sub*strate"\, v. t. [L. substratus, p. p. of substrahere. See Substratum.] To strew or lay under anything. [Obs.]
The melted glass being supported by the substrated
sand.
--Boyle.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
1810, from Modern Latin substratum (see substratum).
Wiktionary
Having very slight furrows. n. 1 (context biochemistry English) What an enzyme acts upon. 2 (context biology English) A surface on which an organism grows, or to which an organism or an item is attached. 3 An underlying layer; a substratum. 4 (context linguistics English) A language that is replaced in a population by another language and that influences the language imposed on its speakers. 5 (context plating English) A metal which is plated with another metal which has different physical properties. 6 (context construction English) A surface to which a substance adheres. 7 The substance line the bottom edge of an enclosure. v
(context obsolete transitive English) To strew or lay under.
WordNet
n. the substance acted upon by an enzyme or ferment
any stratum lying underneath another [syn: substratum]
Wikipedia
Substrate may refer to:
- Substrate (building), Natural stone, masonry surface, ceramic and porcelain tiles
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Substrate (vivarium), the material used in the bottom of a vivarium or terrarium
- Substrate (aquarium), the material used in the bottom of an aquarium
- Substrate (materials science), the material on which a process is conducted
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Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached
- Substrate (locomotion), the surface over which an organism locomotes
- Substrate (marine biology), the earthy material that exists in the bottom of a marine habitat, like dirt, rocks, sand, or gravel
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Substrate (chemistry), the reactant which is consumed during a catalytic or enzymatic reaction
- Substrate (biochemistry), a molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme
- Substrate (printing), the base material that images will be printed onto
- The stratum on which another geologic stratum lies
Stream substrate ( sediment) is the material that rests at the bottom of a stream. There are several classification guides. One is:
- Mud – silt and clay.
- Sand – Particles between 0.06 and 2 mm in diameter.
- Granule – Between 2 and 4 mm in diameter.
- Pebble – Between 4 – 64 mm in diameter.
- Cobble – between 6.4 and 25.6 cm in diameter
- Boulder – more than 25.6 cm in diameter.
Stream substrate can affect the life found within the stream habitat. Muddy streams generally have more sediment in the water, reducing clarity. Clarity is one guide to stream health.
Marine substrate can be classified geologically as well. See Green et al., 1999 for a reference.
The substrate of an aquarium refers to the material used on the tank bottom. It can affect water chemistry, filtration, and the well-being of the aquarium's inhabitants, and is also an important part of the aquarium's aesthetic appeal. The appropriate substrate depends on the type of aquarium; the most important parameter is whether the aquarium contains fresh water or saltwater.
In biology, a substrate is the surface on which an organism (such as a plant, fungus, or animal) lives. A substrate can include biotic or abiotic materials and animals. For example, encrusting algae that lives on a rock (its substrate) can be itself a substrate for an animal that lives on top of the algae.
See also a similar sense with substrate (marine biology) and a different sense with enzyme substrate in biochemistry and molecular biology.The word substrate comes from the Latin '' sub - stratum '' meaning 'the level below' and refers to any material existing or extracted from beneath the topsoil, including sand, chalk and clay. The term is also used for materials used in building foundations or else incorporated into plaster, brick, ceramic and concrete components, which are sometimes called 'filler' products.
In chemistry, a substrate is typically the chemical species being observed in a chemical reaction, which reacts with reagent to generate a product. In synthetic and organic chemistry, the substrate is the chemical of interest that is being modified. In biochemistry, an enzyme substrate is the material upon which an enzyme acts. When referring to Le Chatelier's Principle, the substrate is the reagent whose concentration is changed. The term substrate is highly context-dependent.
Spontaneous reaction
S -> P- Where S is substrate and P is product.
Catalysed reaction
{S} + C -> {P} + C- Where S is substrate, P is product and C is catalyst.
Substrate (also called a wafer) is a solid (usually planar) substance onto which a layer of another substance is applied, and to which that second substance adheres. In solid-state electronics, this term refers to a thin slice of material such as silicon, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, sapphire, germanium, gallium arsenide (GaAs), an alloy of silicon and germanium, or indium phosphide (InP). These serve as the foundation upon which electronic devices such as transistors, diodes, and especially integrated circuits (ICs) are deposited.
Note that a substrate in the field of electronics is either a semiconductor or an electrical insulator, depending on the fabrication process that is being used. For the cases in which an insulator such as silicon oxide or aluminum oxide is used as the substrate, what happens next is the following. On top of the oxide, a thin layer of semiconducting material, usually pure silicon. Next, using the standard photographic processes repeatedly, transistors and diodes are fabricated in the semiconductor.
The advantage of this (more costly) fabrication process is that the oxide layer can provide superior insulation between adjacent transistors. This process is especially used for electronics which must withstand ionizing radiation, such as in space exploration missions through the Van Allen radiation belts; in military and naval systems which might have to withstand nuclear radiation; and in instrumentation for nuclear reactors.
In the manufacture of ICs, the substrate material is usually formed into or cut out as thin discs called wafers, into which the individual electronic devices (transistors, etc.) are etched, deposited, or otherwise fabricated.
Usage examples of "substrate".
Seer is not able to make a perfect discrimination setting on the one side Providence with all that happens under Providence and on the other side what the substrate communicates to its product.
Idea to its Matter and the substrate may change and from being pleasant become distasteful, a sign, in all reason, that the beauty comes by participation.
Being implies continuity: it would be better, therefore, to speak of the Substrate, in the singular.
Matter is a substrate, there must be something outside it, which, acting on it and distinct from it, makes it the substrate of what is poured into it.
But if God is lodged in Matter and by being involved in Matter is himself no more than a substrate, he will no longer make Matter a substrate nor be himself a substrate in conjunction with Matter.
If nothing distinct and external is considered necessary, but the substrate itself can become everything and adopt every character, like the versatile dancer in the pantomime, it ceases to be a substrate: it is, essentially, everything.
Matter with which this theory presents us comports in its own being all the realities, it is no longer the substrate of all: on the contrary, the other things can have no reality whatever, if they are no more than states of Matter in the sense that the poses of the mime are states through which he passes.
Matter, the Substrate, is to them an existence, bodies should not have more claim to existence, the universe yet more, and not merely a claim grounded on the reality of one of its parts?
But the mode in which Matter is the substrate of Form is different from that in which Form and the Couplement are substrates of their modifications.
The pattern giving beauty to the corporeal rests upon it as Idea to its Matter and the substrate may change and from being pleasant become distasteful, a sign, in all reason, that the beauty comes by participation.
Another consideration is that, if Matter is a substrate, there must be something outside it, which, acting on it and distinct from it, makes it the substrate of what is poured into it.
But is it not a paradox that, while Matter, the Substrate, is to them an existence, bodies should not have more claim to existence, the universe yet more, and not merely a claim grounded on the reality of one of its parts?
I learned that only the males could move about the colony, and that they did so by first attaching to the substrate with their tongues, which were coated with adhesive material, then detaching at one of their upper plate segments, and finally re-attaching to the colony with the stubby segmented stalks that depended from their bottom plates.
There remained a layer of the substrate laid down by the females, greenish silver in color, but nonetheless it was a shock to see the station so denuded.
The slightest change in forward momentum induced secretions to occur along the edge of the colony oriented for imminent attachment, and ultimately the colony stuck to its new home, whereupon the females excreted an acidic substrate that bonded with the metal.