Crossword clues for secretin
Wiktionary
n. (context hormone English) A peptide hormone, secreted by the duodenum, that serves to regulate its acidity
WordNet
n. peptic hormone produced by the mucous lining of the small intestine; can stimulate secretion by the pancreas and liver
Wikipedia
Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands. In humans, the secretin peptide is encoded by the SCT gene.
Secretin helps regulate the pH of the duodenum by (1) inhibiting the secretion of gastric acid from the parietal cells of the stomach and (2) stimulating the production of bicarbonate from the centroacinar cells and intercalated ducts of the pancreas. It also stimulates bile production by the liver; the bile emulsifies dietary fats in the duodenum so that pancreatic lipase can act upon them. Meanwhile, in concert with secretin's actions, the other main hormone simultaneously issued by the duodenum, cholecystokinin, is stimulating the gallbladder to contract, delivering its stored bile for the same reason.
Prosecretin is a precursor to secretin, which is present in digestion. Secretin is stored in this unusable form, and is activated by gastric acid in the lower intestine to neutralize the pH and ensure no damage is done to the small intestine by the aforementioned acid.
In 2007, secretin was discovered to play a role in osmoregulation by acting on the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and kidney.
Usage examples of "secretin".
The secretin enters the bloodstream and stimulates the production of pancreatic secretion.
By blocking that key reaction, secretin may allow the pancreatic juice to be formed.
If secretin is purified and added to the bloodstream, the pancreatic juice that is produced is copious enough and alkaline enough, but it is low in enzyme content, and it is the enzymes that do the actual work of digestion.
A preparation of secretin that is less intensively purified brings about the formation of pancreatic juice adequately rich in enzymes.
I have mentioned that one of the effects of secretin is to neutralize the acidity of the stomach contents by stimulating the production of the alkaline pancreatic juice.
Secretin and other hormones of similar nature are built up of amino acid chains containing more than a dozen and less than a hundred amino acids and are therefore sometimes called polypeptide hormones rather than protein hormones.
Having said that secretin is a polypeptide hormone, the next step, logically, would be to decide which amino acids are to be found in its molecule and how many of each.
None of them have been as well studied as secretin, but all are believed to be polypeptide in nature.
The prosecretin molecule requires, apparently, one small chemical change to become actual secretin.
The influx of acid from the stomach suffices to break the prosecretin molecule into smaller fragments, and these fragments secretin diffuse out into the bloodstream.
Secretin is not manufactured in large quantities, and in isolating it from duodenal tissue a variety of other protein molecules are also obtained.