What is "protocol"

Protocol \Pro"to*col\, v. i. To make or write protocols, or first draughts; to issue protocols.
--Carlyle.

Protocol \Pro"to*col\, v. t. To make a protocol of.

Protocol \Pro"to*col\, n. [F. protocole, LL. protocollum, fr. Gr. ? the first leaf glued to the rolls of papyrus and the notarial documents, on which the date was written; prw^tos the first (see Proto-) + ? glue.]

1. The original copy of any writing, as of a deed, treaty, dispatch, or other instrument.
   --Burrill.

2. The minutes, or rough draught, of an instrument or transaction.

3. (Diplomacy)

   1. A preliminary document upon the basis of which negotiations are carried on.

   2. A convention not formally ratified.

   3. An agreement of diplomatists indicating the results reached by them at a particular stage of a negotiation.

4. A strict code of etiquette for conduct of behavior among diplomatic or military personnel.

5. A detailed plan for conduct of a scientific or medical experiment or procedure. A term used especially in conduct of medical research requiring approval of a regulatory agency.

1540s, as prothogall "draft of a document," from Middle French prothocole (c.1200, Modern French protocole), from Medieval Latin protocollum "draft," literally "the first sheet of a volume" (on which contents and errata were written), from Greek protokollon "first sheet glued onto a manuscript," from protos "first" (see proto-) + kolla "glue."\n

\nSense developed in Medieval Latin and French from "official account" to "official record of a transaction," to "diplomatic document," and finally, in French, to "formula of diplomatic etiquette." Meaning "diplomatic rules of etiquette" in English first recorded 1896, from French; general sense of "conventional proper conduct" is from 1952. "Protocols of the (Learned) Elders of Zion," Russian anti-Semitic forgery purporting to reveal Jewish plan for world domination, first published in English 1920 under title "The Jewish Peril."

n. 1 (context now chiefly historical English) The minutes, or official record, of a negotiation or transaction; especially a document drawn up officially which forms the legal basis for subsequent agreements based on it. (from 15th c.) 2 (context international law now rare English) An official record of a diplomatic meeting or negotiation; later specifically, a draft document setting out agreements to be signed into force by a subsequent formal treaty. (from 17th c.) 3 (context international law English) An amendment to an official treaty. (from 19th c.) 4 The first leaf of a roll of papyrus, or the official mark typically found on such a page. (from 19th c.) 5 The official formulas which appeared at the beginning or end of certain official documents such as charters, papal bulls etc. (from 19th c.) 6 (context sciences English) The original notes of observations made during an experiment; also, the precise method for carrying out or reproducing a given experiment. (from 19th c.) 7 The official rules and guidelines for head of state and other dignitaries, governing accepted behaviour in relations with other diplomatic representatives or over affairs of state. (from 19th c.) 8 (qualifier: by extension) An accepted code of conduct; acceptable behaviour in a given situation or group. (from 20th c.) 9 (context computing English) A set of formal rules describing how to transmit or exchange data, especially across a network. (from 20th c.) 10 (context medicine English) The set of instructions allowing a licensed medical professional to start, modify, or stop a medical or patient care order. (from 20th c.) vb. 1 (context obsolete transitive English) To make a protocol of. 2 (context obsolete intransitive English) To make or write protocols, or first drafts; to issue protocols.

1. n. (computer science) rules determining the format and transmission of data [syn: communications protocol]

2. forms of ceremony and etiquette observed by diplomats and heads of state

3. code of correct conduct; "safety protocols"; "academic protocol"

Protocol may refer to:

In international politics, protocol is the etiquette of diplomacy and affairs of state. It may also refer to an international agreement that supplements or amends a treaty.

A protocol is a rule which describes how an activity should be performed, especially in the field of diplomacy. In diplomatic services and governmental fields of endeavor protocols are often unwritten guidelines. Protocols specify the proper and generally accepted behavior in matters of state and diplomacy, such as showing appropriate respect to a head of state, ranking diplomats in chronological order of their accreditation at court, and so on. One definition is:

Protocol is commonly described as a set of international courtesy rules. These well-established and time-honored rules have made it easier for nations and people to live and work together. Part of protocol has always been the acknowledgment of the hierarchical standing of all present. Protocol rules are based on the principles of civility.—Dr. P.M. Forni on behalf of the International Association of Protocol Consultants and Officers.

Protocol is a 1984 American comedy film starring Goldie Hawn and Chris Sarandon, written by Buck Henry, and directed by Herbert Ross. Hawn plays a Washington, D.C., cocktail waitress who prevents the assassination of a visiting Arab emir and winds up a national heroine.

In object-oriented programming, a protocol or interface is a common means for unrelated objects to communicate with each other. These are definitions of methods and values which the objects agree upon in order to co-operate.

For example, in Java (where protocols are termed interfaces), the Comparable interface specifies a method compareTo which implementing classes should implement. This means that a separate sorting method, for example, can sort any object which implements the Comparable interface, without having to know anything about the inner nature of the class (except that two of these objects can be compared by means of compareTo ).

The protocol is a description of:

1. The messages that are understood by the object.
2. The arguments that these messages may be supplied with.
3. The types of results that these messages return.
4. The invariants that are preserved despite modifications to the state of an object.
5. The exceptional situations that will be required to be handled by clients to the object.

If the objects are fully encapsulated then the protocol will describe the only way in which objects may be accessed by other objects.

Some programming languages provide explicit language support for protocols or interfaces ( Ada, C#, D, Dart, Delphi, Java, Logtalk, Object Pascal, Objective-C, PHP, Racket, Seed7, Swift). In C++ interfaces are known as abstract base classes and implemented using pure virtual functions. The object-oriented features in Perl also support interfaces.

Although the Go programming language is not generally considered an object-oriented language, it does allow methods to be defined on user-defined types. Go has "interface" types that are compatible with any type that supports a given set of methods (the type does not need to explicitly implement the interface). The empty interface, interface{}, is compatible with all types.

Note that functional programming and distributed programming languages have a concept which is also called a protocol, but whose meaning is subtly different (i.e. a specification of allowed exchanges of messages, emphasis on exchanges, not on messages). This difference is due to somewhat different assumptions of functional programming and object-oriented programming paradigms. In particular, the following are also considered as part of a protocol in these languages:

1. The allowed sequences of messages,
2. Restrictions placed on either participant in the communication,
3. Expected effects that will occur as the message is handled.

Type classes in languages like Haskell are used for many of the things that protocols are used for.

Protocol can mean any logbook or other artifact (forged or authentic) of a political meeting between persons from different nations. The most notorious example of a forged logbook is " The Protocols of the Elders of Zion".

In international law, a treaty that supplements or adds to a pre-existing treaty is often given a name that includes "Protocol" in its title. For example, the Kyoto Protocol was supplemental to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; Protocol I, Protocol II, and Protocol III supplement the 1949 Geneva Conventions; and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women is supplemented by an Optional Protocol.

Category:Political terminology

Protocol were a British pop group, who were formed in 2005. They were produced by Mike Peden. They consisted of:

• John Pritchard, lead vocals
• James McMaster, guitar
• Steven Oates, bass
• David Malik, keyboards/ synthesizers
• Dominic Joseph, drums

The five-piece, who had been honing their craft since meeting four years earlier, ran their own club night, Vanity, in London. Protocol also toured with New Order, Fisherspooner, The Bravery, Hard-Fi and played the Wireless and V Festivals. The band were signed to Polydor Records, but were dropped in April 2006, although the band continued to tour before splitting up later that year.

Dominic Joseph, the drummer, went on to DJ and co-produce in Electro Duo Leatherhead, supporting Fatboy Slim, Chemical Brothers and Pete Tong, playing at Glasontbury Festival and Rockness Festival amongst others. and played drums for various artists including Lucie Silvas and Jamie Burke. Dominic is currently CEO & co-founder of the international Advertising Technology business, Captify.

In the natural sciences a protocol is a predefined written procedural method in the design and implementation of experiments. Protocols are written whenever it is desirable to standardize a laboratory method to ensure successful replication of results by others in the same laboratory or by other laboratories. Detailed protocols also facilitate the assessment of results through peer review. In addition to detailed procedures and lists of required equipment and instruments, protocols often include information on safety precautions, the calculation of results and reporting standards, including statistical analysis and rules for predefining and documenting excluded data to avoid bias. Protocols are employed in a wide range of experimental fields, from social science to quantum mechanics. Written protocols are also employed in manufacturing to ensure consistent quality.

Protocol is the début album/ EP from drummer/percussionist Simon Phillips. It was released in 1988 on the Music for Nations label, a company which had, at one time, bands such as Metallica and Slayer.

Of the release, Phillips calls it "a record of experimental observations" and goes on to say "It was a good feeling to have finally released my first solo CD, and although not what I had originally planned, it was a start to my solo career."

Allmusic's Robert Taylor gave the disc two and a half stars, saying that, although Phillips played all the instruments himself, "he is not competent enough on the guitar or keyboards to provide anything beyond atmosphere for his drum playing."