Crossword clues for immunization
immunization
The Collaborative International Dictionary
immunization \immunization\ n. the act of making immune (especially by inoculation).
Syn: immunisation.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
1893, from immunize + -ation.
Wiktionary
n. 1 (context US uncountable English) The process by which an individual is exposed to a material that is designed to prime his or her immune system against that material. 2 (context US countable English) One such exposure.
WordNet
n. the act of making immune (especially by inoculation) [syn: immunisation]
Wikipedia
Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified against an agent (known as the immunogen).
When this system is exposed to molecules that are foreign to the body, called non-self, it will orchestrate an immune response, and it will also develop the ability to quickly respond to a subsequent encounter because of immunological memory. This is a function of the adaptive immune system. Therefore, by exposing an animal to an immunogen in a controlled way, its body can learn to protect itself: this is called active immunization.
The most important elements of the immune system that are improved by immunization are the T cells, B cells, and the antibodies B cells produce. Memory B cells and memory T cells are responsible for a swift response to a second encounter with a foreign molecule. Passive immunization is direct introduction of these elements into the body, instead of production of these elements by the body itself.
Immunization is done through various techniques, most commonly vaccination. Vaccines against microorganisms that cause diseases can prepare the body's immune system, thus helping to fight or prevent an infection. The fact that mutations can cause cancer cells to produce proteins or other molecules that are known to the body forms the theoretical basis for therapeutic cancer vaccines. Other molecules can be used for immunization as well, for example in experimental vaccines against nicotine ( NicVAX) or the hormone ghrelin in experiments to create an obesity vaccine.
Immunizations are definitely less risky and an easier way to become immune to a particular disease than risking a milder form of the disease itself. They are important for both adults and children in that they can protect us from the many diseases out there. Immunization not only protects your child against deadly diseases but also helps in developing your child’s immune system. Through the use of immunizations, some infections and diseases have almost completely been eradicated throughout the United States and the World. One example is polio. Thanks to dedicated health care professionals and the parents of children who vaccinated on schedule, polio has been eliminated in the U.S. since 1979. Polio is still found in other parts of the world so certain people could still be at risk of getting it. This includes those people who have never had the vaccine, those who didn't receive all doses of the vaccine, or those traveling to areas of the world where polio is still prevalent.
Active immunization/vaccination has been named one of the "Ten Great Public Health Achievements in the 20th Century".
In finance, interest rate immunization, as developed by Frank Redington is a strategy that ensures that a change in interest rates will not affect the value of a portfolio. Similarly, immunization can be used to ensure that the value of a pension fund's or a firm's assets will increase or decrease in exactly the opposite amount of their liabilities, thus leaving the value of the pension fund's surplus or firm's equity unchanged, regardless of changes in the interest rate.
Interest rate immunization can be accomplished by several methods, including cash flow matching, duration matching, and volatility and convexity matching. It can also be accomplished by trading in bond forwards, futures, or options.
Other types of financial risks, such as foreign exchange risk or stock market risk, can be immunized using similar strategies. If the immunization is incomplete, these strategies are usually called hedging. If the immunization is complete, these strategies are usually called arbitrage.
Usage examples of "immunization".
The bridge officer program includes sensory boosters, neural feeds for computer interface, command authority authentication patterns, Fleet communicator and bio-sensor implants, skeletal reinforcement, muscle and tissue enhancement, and standard hygienic, immunization, and tissue renewal treatments.
She had only programmed a credit check, keyed in the fact that she was going off-world, and asked what immunization she might require for the systems they were to encounter, but the supervisor leaped down the ramp from his console, two port officials converged on her, and the exits of the reception hall flashed red and hold-locks were engaged, to the consternation of passersby.
The American bellringers are going to perform Rimbaud's "When At Last My Savior Cometh," and Holy Re-Formed's been requisitioned by the NHS as an immunization center.
Funny about that, too, because Crystal Singers are supposed to heal faster than other humans, and they're not supposed to be as susceptible to the planetary goolies and fevers that catch you no matter what immunization you've got.
I would recommend vaccination immediately, along with immunization shots for hepatitis A and B.
Based on our present knowledge of Tosevite physiology and of available immunizations, the physician named Shpaaka wrote, it seems possible, even probable, that the specimen may, after receiving the said immunizations, safely interact with wild Tosevites.
They would be immunizations from the Big Uglies, for Tosevite diseases.
If the immunizations were likely to make Kassquit sick, would she want to go forward with them?
These immunizations brought a whole different order of unpleasantness.
That is the cause of my present discomfort: I am being Immunized against them, and some of the immunizations have unpleasant aftereffects.
He finished, “Are you willing to undergo this series of immunizations so you are physically able to meet with wild Big Uglies?
But then she said, “Still, these would not be immunizations from the Race.
Then you will tell him that the immunizations sometimes produce terrible side effects," Dr.
Then you will tell him that the immunizations sometimes produce terrible side effects,” Dr.
Of all the up-timers in Amberg, only two had their immunizations up to date when the Ring of Fire hit.