What is "citadel"

Citadel \Cit"a*del\, n. [F. citadelle, It. citadella, di?. of citt? city, fr. L. civitas. See City.] A fortress in or near a fortified city, commanding the city and fortifications, and intended as a final point of defense.

Syn. -- Stronghold. See Fortress.

1580s, "fortress commanding a city," from Middle French citadelle (15c.), from Italian cittadella, diminutive of Old Italian cittade "city" (Modern Italian citta), from Latin civitatem (nominative civitas; also source of Portuguese citadella, Spanish ciuadela; see city).

n. a stronghold into which people could go for shelter during a battle [syn: bastion]

A citadel is the core fortified area of a town or city. It may be a fortress, castle, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of "city" and thus means "little city", so called because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core.

In a fortification with bastions, the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy. It is positioned to be the last line of defense, should the enemy breach the other components of the fortification system. A citadel is also a term of the third part of a medieval castle, with higher walls than the rest. It was to be the last line of defense before the keep itself.

In various countries, the citadels gained a specific name such as " Kremlin" in Russia or " Alcázar" in the Iberian Peninsula. In European cities, the term "Citadel" and "City Castle" are often used interchangeably. The term "tower" is also used in some cases such as the Tower of London and Jerusalem's Tower of David. However, the Haitian citadel, which is the largest citadel in the Western Hemisphere, is called Citadelle Laferrière or simply the "Citadel" in English.

A citadel is a fortress.

Citadel may also refer to:

Citadel is a computer game developed for the BBC Micro and released by Superior Software in 1985. It was also ported to the Acorn Electron. A platform game with some puzzle solving elements, the game's plot involves finding five crystals hidden in various locations in a large castle, together with areas outside it (including a wasteland, a pyramid, a sea and an island) and returning them to their rightful place.

Upon returning the crystals, the player must teleport to a separate set of locations to complete the game. Once the game is completed, the player is left free to roam the castle in order to achieve the maximum possible score if they have not done so already. The only way to see the final congratulatory message is to reach 99 points.

Citadel was unusual at the time for playing synthesized speech before loading the main game (in part to advertise Superior Software's "Speech!" programme package), as well as having other special effects advanced for the time, such as splashing water sounds.

Citadel is the name of a bulletin board system (BBS) computer program, and of the genre of programs it inspired. Citadels were notable for their room-based structure (see below) and relatively heavy emphasis on messages and conversation as opposed to gaming and files. The first Citadel came online in 1980 with a single 300 baud modem; eventually many versions of the software, both clones and those descended from the original code base (but all usually called "Citadels"), became popular among BBS callers and sysops, particularly in areas such as the Pacific Northwest, Northern California and Upper Midwest of the United States, where development of the software was ongoing. Citadel BBSes were most popular in the late 1980s and early 1990s, but when the Internet became more accessible for online communication, Citadels began to decline. However, some versions of the software, from small community BBSes to large systems supporting thousands of simultaneous users, are still in use today. Citadel development has always been collaborative with a strong push to keep the source code in the public domain. This makes Citadel one of the oldest surviving FOSS projects.

The Citadel is a fictional organization, a fascist empire in the DC Universe.

Citadel is an album by Muslimgauze. The album also received a promo pressing and a bootleg pressing combined with Sufiq by Russian bootleg label Ars Nova. An additional various artists sampler CD was included with some orders, not containing any Muslimgauze tracks.

Citadel is the third studio album by American progressive rock band Starcastle." It is notable in that it is the second of two Starcastle albums to be produced by Roy Thomas Baker, who produced many of Queen's albums.

Citadel is a 2012 Irish psychological horror film written and directed by Ciaran Foy, in his feature film debut. It was filmed in Glasgow, Scotland. The film stars Aneurin Barnard as Tommy, a widower who must raise his baby alone after an attack by a gang leaves his wife dead and him suffering from agoraphobia. It is an example of "hoodie horror".

Citadel (sub-title: The Story of the U.S. Senate) is a study of the United States Senate by the journalist William S. White. Written in 1956, the book anticipates the great changes afoot in post-war Washington. John Gunther in Inside U.S.A. had put the problem of Southern intractability over civil rights reform in perspective, but White was the first to make public how skilled the Southern Senators were at utilising every procedural mechanism the chamber had to offer. White identified a controlling elite within this tiny and naturally inward-looking body: he called the "The Club".

Those who belong to it express, consciously or consciously, the deepest instincts and prejudices of the Senate type, a man for whom the Institution is a career in itself, a life in itself and an end in itself.

As White was himself to point out in retirement, it was these Old Bull's most trusted lieutenant, Lyndon Baines Johnson, who eventually neutralised their power.

"Citadel" is a song by English rock band The Rolling Stones, released as the second track on their 1967 album Their Satanic Majesties Request.

Driven by a guitar riff played by Keith Richards, the song is notably harder, with a stronger guitar presence, than other songs on the psychedelic album.

The chorus refers to actress Candy Darling and her friend Taffy, who The Rolling Stones had previously met at the Hotel Albert in New York City. According to Darling:

"We met them in the Hotel Albert. We were on the floor above them and we dangled a bunch of grapes down on a string outside their window. You see, the Citadel is New York and the song is a message to us -- Taffy and me."

According to bassist Bill Wyman, the song had the working title "After Five".

It has been covered by many alternative and punk bands including British punk group The Damned, British post-punkers The Comsat Angels, and American alternative rock band Redd Kross.

Serbian rock band Električni Orgazam covered the song on their cover album '' Les Chansones Populaires.

Citadel is the second studio album by the Australian band Ne Obliviscaris. It was released worldwide on November 7, 2014 and November 11 in North America, marking their first release through Season of Mist records.

Citadel is a piece of massively-distributed malware based upon Zeus. It is notable for targeting credentials stored in password managers such as Keepass, Password Safe and neXus Personal Security Client.