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The Collaborative International Dictionary
Rounding

Rounding \Round"ing\, n.

  1. (Naut.) Small rope, or strands of rope, or spun yarn, wound round a rope to keep it from chafing; -- called also service.

  2. (Phonetics) Modifying a speech sound by contraction of the lip opening; labializing; labialization. See Guide to Pronunciation, [sect] 11.

Rounding

Rounding \Round"ing\, a. Round or nearly round; becoming round; roundish.

Rounding

Round \Round\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Rounding.]

  1. To make circular, spherical, or cylindrical; to give a round or convex figure to; as, to round a silver coin; to round the edges of anything.

    Worms with many feet, which round themselves into balls, are bred chiefly under logs of timber.
    --Bacon.

    The figures on our modern medals are raised and rounded to a very great perfection.
    --Addison.

  2. To surround; to encircle; to encompass.

    The inclusive verge Of golden metal that must round my brow.
    --Shak.

  3. To bring to fullness or completeness; to complete; hence, to bring to a fit conclusion.

    We are such stuff As dreams are made on, and our little life Is rounded with a sleep.
    --Shak.

  4. To go round wholly or in part; to go about (a corner or point); as, to round a corner; to round Cape Horn.

  5. To make full, smooth, and flowing; as, to round periods in writing.
    --Swift.

    To round in (Naut.) To haul up; usually, to haul the slack of (a rope) through its leading block, or to haul up (a tackle which hangs loose) by its fall.
    --Totten. (b) To collect together (cattle) by riding around them, as on cattle ranches. [Western U.S.]

Wiktionary
rounding
  1. Round or nearly round; becoming round; roundish. n. 1 The act of rounding a mathematical value. 2 The numerical value obtained by this process. 3 The act of making anything round, as the lips in pronouncing some vowels. v

  2. (present participle of round English)

WordNet
rounding

n. (mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals; "taxes are rounded off to the nearest dollar but the rounding error is surprisingly small" [syn: rounding error]

Wikipedia
Rounding

Rounding a numerical value means replacing it by another value that is approximately equal but has a shorter, simpler, or more explicit representation; for example, replacing £23.4476 with £23.45, or the fraction 312/937 with 1/3, or the expression √2 with 1.414.

Rounding is often done to obtain a value that is easier to report and communicate than the original. Rounding can also be important to avoid misleadingly precise reporting of a computed number, measurement or estimate; for example, a quantity that was computed as 123,456 but is known to be accurate only to within a few hundred units is better stated as "about 123,500".

On the other hand, rounding of exact numbers will introduce some round-off error in the reported result. Rounding is almost unavoidable when reporting many computations — especially when dividing two numbers in integer or fixed-point arithmetic; when computing mathematical functions such as square roots, logarithms, and sines; or when using a floating point representation with a fixed number of significant digits. In a sequence of calculations, these rounding errors generally accumulate, and in certain ill-conditioned cases they may make the result meaningless.

Accurate rounding of transcendental mathematical functions is difficult because the number of extra digits that need to be calculated to resolve whether to round up or down cannot be known in advance. This problem is known as "the table-maker's dilemma".

Rounding has many similarities to the quantization that occurs when physical quantities must be encoded by numbers or digital signals.

A wavy equals sign () is sometimes used to indicate rounding of exact numbers. For example: 9.98 ≈ 10.

Usage examples of "rounding".

With rapid strokes of the crayon he began redrafting his features, widening the oval of the eyes, rounding the forehead, broadening the narrow cheeks, making the lips fuller, the chin larger.

The bones bore no sign of injuries that occurred before death, such as resorption lines, callous formation, or rounding of fracture margins.

The seascape shrank as Harris ran south west along the Manx coast, rounding first Maughold, then slipping past the gray slate cliffs and steep sided coves until Laxey Bay opened to starboard.

The Primorye had altered round to port, rounding Stroma, and for a while she was blanked off from sight by the ships ahead.

And yet, when some burly protagonist would thrust himself too rudely into the ring, and try to bear down opposition by sheer vehemence of declamation, from the corner where he sat ensconced in unregarded silence, HE WOULD SUDDENLY SLING OUT SOME SHARP, SWIFT PEBBLE OF THOUGHT, which he had been slowly rounding, and smite with an aim so keen and true as rarely failed to bring down the boastful Anakim!

Imagine on a kind of platform which lifts the base from the ground, the most peculiar, the most incomprehensible, the most prodigious heaping up of large and little cabins, outside stairways, galleries with arcades and unexpected hiding-places and projections, unsymmetrical porches, chapels in juxtaposition, windows pierced in the walls at haphazard, indescribable forms and a rounding out of the interior arrangement, as if the architect, seated in the centre of his work had produced a building by thrusting it out from him.

On occasion, when rounding a curve or cresting a hill, they could see Lake Venne sparkling in the spring sun off in the distance, and by mid afternoon they reached the fork in the road.

Rounding a mullock heap, she beheld the white whippet from the cottage of the Caidens.

Rounding a Turn of the uphill road, they looked out on a broad panorama of the base: docks, cranes, nests of destroyers and of submarines-and the terrible smashed half-sunk battleships, burned-out aircraft, and blackened skeletal hangars.

The arms-sisters in their black armor waded in, swinging out indiscriminately, knocking apart combatants, rounding them up at gunpoint, dragging them away by ears and arms.

Upon rounding the end of the conveyance, Colton immediately espied the ensnared hems and the swiftly separating garments.

Corinth on the good road, then by ship through the Saronic Gulf, steering between the islands of Salamis and Aegina, rounding Cape Sounion, hugging the shore to escape the wind, passing on the lee side of Macronisi, entering the mouth of the Euboean Strait.

They were rounding the headland and they saw the vast Bay of Yedo before them, open sea to starboard, smoke from cooking fires of the sprawling city shrouding it, the landscape and overlording castle.

Cardona has a habit of rounding up funmakers for a joy-ride in the wagon.

The selected boats from the Rio Guanche would soon be rounding the western headland of Portobelo.