Crossword clues for phenomenology
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Phenomenology \Phe*nom`e*nol"o*gy\, n. [Phenomenon + -logy: cf.
F. ph['e]nom['e]nologie.]
A description, history, or explanation of phenomena. ``The
phenomenology of the mind.''
--Sir W. Hamilton.
Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
1797, from German Phänomenologie, used as the title of the fourth part of the "Neues Organon" of German physicist Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777), coined from Greek phainomenon (see phenomenon) + -logia (see -logy). Psychological sense, especially in Gestalt theory, is from 1930. Related: Phenomenological.
Wiktionary
alt. 1 (context philosophy English) A philosophy based on the intuitive experience of phenomena, and on the premise that reality consists of objects and events as consciously perceived by conscious beings. 2 (context philosophy English) A movement based on this, originated about 1905 by http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Husserl. n. 1 (context philosophy English) A philosophy based on the intuitive experience of phenomena, and on the premise that reality consists of objects and events as consciously perceived by conscious beings. 2 (context philosophy English) A movement based on this, originated about 1905 by http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Husserl.
WordNet
n. a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account
Wikipedia
Phenomenology (from Greek phainómenon "that which appears" and lógos "study") is the philosophical study of the structures of experience and consciousness. As a philosophical movement it was founded in the early years of the 20th century by Edmund Husserl and was later expanded upon by a circle of his followers at the universities of Göttingen and Munich in Germany. It then spread to France, the United States, and elsewhere, often in contexts far removed from Husserl's early work. Phenomenology should not be considered as a unitary movement; rather, different authors share a common family resemblance but also with many significant differences. Accordingly, “A unique and final definition of phenomenology is dangerous and perhaps even paradoxical as it lacks a thematic focus. In fact, it is not a doctrine, nor a philosophical school, but rather a style of thought, a method, an open and ever-renewed experience having different results, and this may disorient anyone wishing to define the meaning of phenomenology”.
Phenomenology, in Husserl's conception, is primarily concerned with the systematic reflection on and study of the structures of consciousness and the phenomena that appear in acts of consciousness. Phenomenology can be clearly differentiated from the Cartesian method of analysis which sees the world as objects, sets of objects, and objects acting and reacting upon one another.
Husserl's conception of phenomenology has been criticized and developed not only by himself but also by students, such as Edith Stein and Roman Ingarden, by hermeneutic philosophers, such as Martin Heidegger, by existentialists, such as Nicolai Hartmann, Gabriel Marcel, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Jean-Paul Sartre, and by other philosophers, such as Max Scheler, Paul Ricoeur, Jean-Luc Marion, Emmanuel Levinas, and sociologists Alfred Schütz and Eric Voegelin.
Phenomenology in architecture can be understood as an aspect of philosophy researching into the experience of built space, and as shorthand for architectural phenomenology, a historical architectural movement.
Particle physics phenomenology is the part of theoretical particle physics that deals with the application of theoretical physics to high-energy particle physics experiments. Phenomenology forms a bridge between the mathematical models of theoretical physics (such as quantum field theories and theories of the structure of space-time) and experimental particle physics. Within the Standard Model, phenomenology is the calculating of detailed predictions for experiments, usually at high precision (e.g., including radiative corrections). Beyond the Standard Model, phenomenology addresses the experimental consequences of new models: how their new particles could be searched for, how the model parameters could be measured, and how the model could be distinguished from other, competing models.
Phenomenology may refer to:
- Empirical research, when used to describe measurement methods in some sciences
- Empirical relationship
- Phenomenology (architecture), based on the experience of building materials and their sensory properties
- Phenomenology (archaeology), based upon understanding cultural landscapes from a sensory perspective
- Phenomenology (particle physics), a branch of particle physics that deals with the application of theory to high-energy experiments
- Phenomenology (philosophy), a philosophical method and school of philosophy founded by Edmund Husserl (1859–1938)
- Phenomenology (psychology), subjective experiences or their study
Phenomenology is the study of subjective experience. It is an approach to psychological subject matter that has its roots in the philosophical work of Edmund Husserl. Early phenomenologists such as Husserl, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty conducted philosophical investigations of consciousness in the early 20th century. Their critiques of psychologism and positivism later influenced at least two main fields of contemporary psychology: the phenomenological psychological approach of the Duquesne School (The Descriptive Phenomenological Method in Psychology), including Amedeo Giorgi and Frederick Wertz; and the experimental approaches associated with Francisco Varela, Shaun Gallagher, Evan Thompson, and others ( embodied mind thesis). Other names associated with the movement include Jonathan Smith ( Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis), Steinar Kvale, and Wolfgang Köhler. Phenomenological psychologists have also figured prominently in the history of the humanistic psychology movement.
The experiencing subject can be considered to be the person or self, for purposes of convenience. In phenomenological philosophy (and in particular in the work of Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty), "experience" is a considerably more complex concept than it is usually taken to be in everyday use. Instead, experience (or being, or existence itself) is an "in-relation-to" phenomenon, and it is defined by qualities of directedness, embodiment, and worldliness, which are evoked by the term "Being-in-the-World".
The quality or nature of a given experience is often referred to by the term qualia, whose archetypical exemplar is "redness". For example, we might ask, "Is my experience of redness the same as yours?" While it is difficult to answer such a question in any concrete way, the concept of intersubjectivity is often used as a mechanism for understanding how it is that humans are able to empathise with one another's experiences, and indeed to engage in meaningful communication about them. The phenomenological formulation of Being-in-the-World, where person and world are mutually constitutive, is central here.
In archaeology, phenomenology applies to the use of sensory experiences to view and interpret an archaeological site or cultural landscape. It first came to widespread attention among archaeologists with the publication of Christopher Tilley's A Phenomenology of Landscape (1994), in which he suggested it to be a useful technique that can be used to discover more about historical peoples and how they interact with the landscapes in which they live. He argued that, simply by looking at two-dimensional depictions of a landscape, such as on a map, archaeologists fail to understand how peoples living in hunter-gatherer and agricultural societies actually relate to those areas. He believed, therefore, that investigators should enter the very landscape that they are studying, and use their senses of sight, smell, and hearing to learn more about how historical peoples would have interpreted it.
Phenomenology "has provoked considerable discussion within the discipline", receiving considerable criticism from the archaeological community who deem it to be "unscientific" and "subjective". In contrast to this, it has also been supported by a great number of archaeologists and nowadays is often used in fieldwork alongside other, more traditional methods. It has been used particularly in understanding prehistoric sites, such as the Neolithic Tavoliere Plain in Italy, and the Bronze Age landscape on Bodmin Moor, England.
Usage examples of "phenomenology".
The phenomenologists were simply no match for such items as linguistic intersubjectivity and the patterns that it displayed, patterns that could not be recovered in phenomenology.
Habermasian framework is nonetheless broadly compatible with the phenomenology of contemplative religion is a conclusion I strongly support.
By taking the intersubjective space for granted, then the isolated individual subject appears to be having a series of monological experiences, and Grof has given us the phenomenology of many of those experiences.
Ebbinghaus and Ribot, all of these have been brought into the psychology laboratory in an attempt to classify their phenomenology, deduce regularities and understand their mechanism by analogy with the already classical methods of physics and physiology.
I can describe as the phenomenology of memory, by which I mean the attempt to describe and classify the main features of memory as a phenomenon without raising the question of how these features may be explained in terms of underlying processes.
I would argue that, for neurobiologists concerned with learning and memory, the legacy of this period of experimental psychology, always excluding Hebb, is not its theoretical constructs, its painstakingly accumulated phenomenology, the minutiae of schedules of reinforcement or of conditioning chains.
The second philosophical path appeared first of all with Hegelian phenomenology, when the totality of the empirical domain was taken back into the interior of a consciousness revealing itself to itself as spirit, in other words, as an empirical and a transcendental field simultaneously.
But perhaps it does not escape the danger that, even before phenomenology, threatens every dialectical undertaking and causes it to topple over, willy-nilly, into an anthropology.
Sartre terms an alimentary philosophy, which presents consciousness as digesting contents, prefaces his own association of phenomenology with what might be called, by an extension of the metaphor, an emetic philosophy, which evacuates consciousness and throws it explosively into the world.
In other words, phenomenology declines to explain the world, it wants to be merely a description of actual experience.
The supermarket is the privileged place for a phenomenology of surfaces.
By inclination he was a scholar, and but for the unhappy course of recent history he would no doubt be spending his life in study, pursuing his ambition of analyzing the phenomenology of historical civilization.
Only lately, since I have been able to look things up in books, have I begun to unscramble the anthology of quotations that Matern had cooked up: he mixed liturgical texts, the phenomenology of a stocking-cap, and abstrusely secular lyrical poetry into a stew seasoned with the cheapest gin.
My own had been a work based on a comparative study of the mythologies of mankind, with only here and there passing references to the phenomenology of dream, hysteria, mystic visions, and the like.
That too brings philosophy nearer to the novel: for the first time philosophy is pondering not epistemology, not aesthetics or ethics, the phenomenology of mind or the critique of reason, etc.