What is "new deal"

This article is about a government policy introduced by the Blair Government. For other uses, see New Deal (disambiguation)

The New Deal (renamed Flexible New Deal from October 2009) was a workfare programme introduced in the United Kingdom by the first New Labour government in 1998, initially funded by a one-off £5 billion windfall tax on privatised utility companies. The stated purpose was to reduce unemployment by providing training, subsidised employment and voluntary work to the unemployed. Spending on the New Deal was £1.3 billion in 2001.

The New Deal was a cornerstone of New Labour and devised mainly by LSE Professor Richard Layard, who has since been elevated to the House of Lords as a Labour peer. It was based on similar workfare models in Sweden, which Layard has spent much of his academic career studying.

The New Deal was Franklin D. Roosevelt's legislative agenda for rescuing the United States from the Great Depression.

New Deal may also refer to:

• New Deal (United Kingdom), a program of United Kingdom government policies focused on unemployment
• New Deal (British political party), a political party in the United Kingdom
• New Deal (French political party), a political party in France
• New Deal (railway), an Australian passenger rail reform program
• New Deal, Tennessee, a census designated place
• New Deal, Texas, a small town near Lubbock
• New Deal coalition, a collection of political interest groups
• New Deal for Communities, a United Kingdom government program focused on urban renewal
• New Deal for Young People, a United Kingdom government Welfare-to-Work program for 18- to 24-year-olds introduced in April 1998
• The New Deal, a promotion in United Kingdom pub chain Wetherspoons premiered in January 2009
• The New Deal (band)
• The New Deal (album)
• NewDeal, a software company

The New Deal for Country Passengers was a timetable introduced on 4 October 1981 in Victoria, Australia which revolutionised the provision of country passenger railway services. Thirty-five little-used passenger stations were closed, rolling stock utilisation was improved, and new rolling stock introduced. The timetable and associated service changes resulted in an average patronage growth of 8.7% per year, from 3 million in 1981 to 5.6 million passengers in 1990/91.

New Deal was a registered political party in the United Kingdom. Its founder was Professor Alan Sked, who also founded the UK Independence Party (UKIP).

Policies of the New Deal party included 'direct and transparent democracy' and 'liberal values without prejudice to race, religion, gender, etc." New Deal has been labelled the ' leftwing version of UKIP'.

New Deal is described by its founder, Professor Alan Sked, as a centre-left political party, committed to withdrawal from the European Union. He criticises UKIP as turning into "...a far-right and what I think is an extremist and racist party".

The term "New Deal", first used by US president Franklin D. Roosevelt, was also used by Tony Blair's government from 1997 to describe changes to welfare and unemployment policy.

The same year the party was launched, Sked became ill, his mother became sick and his brother died. As of June 2016, the party has been de-registered by Electoral Commission for having never fielded a single candidate in any election. The party boycotted the 2014 European Elections.

New Deal (, ND) is a progressive party founded in November 2013 by economist Pierre Larrouturou. It obtained 549,774 votes (2.90% of the vote) in the European Parliament election, 2014 but failed to have any MEP elected. The name of the party is directly inspired by Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal and his economic policy.

New Deal is a political party in France. It was founded on 18 November 2013 by Pierre Larrouturrou. Its aiming at renewing how democracy is used, and has social, ecological and economical goals, which could be defined as left wing.

The New Deal was a series of social liberal programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1938, and a few that came later. They included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term (1933–1937) of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The programs were in response to the Great Depression, and focused on what historians refer to as the "3 Rs," Relief, Recovery, and Reform: relief for the unemployed and poor, recovery of the economy to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.

The New Deal produced a political realignment, making the Democratic Party the majority (as well as the party that held the White House for seven out of nine Presidential terms from 1933 to 1969), with its base in liberal ideas, the South, traditional Democrats, big city machines, and the newly empowered labor unions and ethnic minorities. The Republicans were split, with conservatives opposing the entire New Deal as an enemy of business and growth, and liberals accepting some of it and promising to make it more efficient. The realignment crystallized into the New Deal Coalition that dominated most presidential elections into the 1960s, while the opposing conservative coalition largely controlled Congress from 1939 to 1964. By 1936 the term "liberal" typically was used for supporters of the New Deal, and " conservative" for its opponents. From 1934 to 1938, Roosevelt was assisted in his endeavours by a "pro-spender" majority in Congress (drawn from two-party, competitive, non-machine, Progressive, and Left party districts). As noted by Alexander Hicks, "Roosevelt, backed by rare, non-Southern Democrat majorities—270 non-Southern Democrat representatives and 71 non-Southern Democrat senators—spelled Second New Deal reform." In the 1938 midterm elections, however, Roosevelt and his liberal supporters lost control of Congress to the bipartisan Conservative Coalition.

Many historians distinguish between a "First New Deal" (1933–34) and a "Second New Deal" (1935–38), with the second one more liberal and more controversial. The "First New Deal" (1933–34) dealt with the pressing banking crises through the Emergency Banking Act and the 1933 Banking Act. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration provided $500 million ($ billion today) for relief operations by states and cities, while the short-lived Civil Works Administration (CWA) gave localities money to operate make-work projects in 1933–34. The Securities Act of 1933 was enacted to prevent a repeated stock market crash. The controversial work of the National Recovery Administration was also part of the First New Deal.

The " Second New Deal" in 1935–38 included the Wagner Act to promote labor unions, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) relief program (which made the federal government by far the largest single employer in the nation), the Social Security Act, and new programs to aid tenant farmers and migrant workers. The final major items of New Deal legislation were the creation of the United States Housing Authority and Farm Security Administration, both in 1937, and the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which set maximum hours and minimum wages for most categories of workers.

The economic downturn of 1937–38, and the bitter split between the AFL and CIO labor unions led to major Republican gains in Congress in 1938. Conservative Republicans and Democrats in Congress joined in the informal Conservative Coalition. By 1942–43 they shut down relief programs such as the WPA and CCC and blocked major liberal proposals. Roosevelt himself turned his attention to the war effort, and won reelection in 1940 and 1944. The Supreme Court declared the National Recovery Administration (NRA) and the first version of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) unconstitutional, however the AAA was rewritten and then upheld. As the first Republican president elected after FDR, Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953–61) left the New Deal largely intact, even expanding it in some areas. In the 1960s, Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society used the New Deal as inspiration for a dramatic expansion of liberal programs, which Republican Richard M. Nixon generally retained. After 1974, however, the call for deregulation of the economy gained bipartisan support. The New Deal regulation of banking ( Glass–Steagall Act) was suspended in the 1990s.

Many New Deal programs remain active, with some still operating under the original names, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC), the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). The largest programs still in existence today are the Social Security System and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).