What is "duma"

Russian national assembly, 1870 (in reference to city councils; the national one was set up in 1905), literally "thought," from a Germanic source (compare Gothic doms "judgment," English doom, deem).

n. 1 The lower house of the (w: Federal Assembly), or the Russian national parliament. 2 A drink mixing wine and vodka, name taken from the above.

A duma (дума) is a Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions. The term comes from the Russian verb думать (dumat’) meaning "to think" or "to consider". The first formally constituted duma was the State Duma introduced into the Russian Empire by Tsar Nicholas II in 1906. It was dissolved in 1917 during the Russian Revolution. Since 1993, the State Duma is the lower legislative house of the Russian Federation.

Duma is a fallen angel in the DC Vertigo series The Sandman, created by the British author Neil Gaiman. His name means "silence", and he is based on an angel from Jewish mythology.

Duma is a Russian representative assembly.

Duma may also refer to:

A Duma (, plural dumy) is a sung epic poem which originated in Ukraine during the Hetmanate Era in the sixteenth century (possibly based on earlier Kievan epic forms). Historically, dumy were performed by itinerant Cossack bards called kobzari, who accompanied themselves on a kobza or a torban, but after the abolition of Hetmanate by the Empress Catherine of Russia the epic singing became the domain of blind itinerant musicians who retained the kobzar appellation and accompanied their singing by playing a bandura (rarely a kobza) or a relya/ lira (a Ukrainian variety of hurdy-gurdy). Dumas are sung in recitative, in the so-called " duma mode", a variety of the Dorian mode with raised fourth degree.

Dumy were songs built around historical events, many dealing with the military actions in some form. Embedded in these historical events were religious and moralistic elements. There are themes of the struggle of the Cossacks against enemies of different faiths or events occurring on religious feast-days. Although the narratives of the dumy mainly revolve around war - the dumy themselves do not promote courage in battle. The dumy impart a moral message in which one should conduct oneself properly in the relationships with the family, the community, and the church. However, the kobzari did not play only religious songs and dumy. They also played “satirical songs (sometimes openly scabrous); dance melodies; either with or without words; lyric songs; and historical songs”.

Duma is a 2005 American family drama adventure film about a young South African boy's friendship with an orphaned cheetah from a story by Carol Flint and Karen Janszen, set in the country of South Africa and based on How It Was with Dooms by Carol Cawthra Hopcraft and Xan Hopcraft. It was distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, Gaylord Films and C.O.R.E., directed by Carroll Ballard (director of The Black Stallion and Fly Away Home), produced by Gaylord Films, Warner Bros., John Wells Productions, Pandora Pictures, Stacy Cohen, E.K. Gaylord II, Kristin Harms, Hunt Lowry and John Wells, written by Karen Janszen and Mark St. Germain, edited by T.M. Christopher, cinematographed by Werner Maritz with music by George Acogny and John Debney and starring Alexander Michaletos, Eamonn Walker, Campbell Scott and Hope Davis. The film was theatrically released on April 22, 2005 by Warner Bros. Pictures, Gaylord Films and C.O.R.E.. The film went on receiving very positive reviews from critics and it earned $994,790 on a $12 million budget. The film won the Family Feature Film at the Genesis Awards in 2006. The film was rated PG for mild adventure peril. Duma was released on DVD on May 16, 2006 by Warner Bros. Entertainment.

Duma (dolls in Arabic) is a ground-breaking and controversial documentary about the abuse of women in Arab and Palestinian society. Made by Palestinian female director Abeer Zeibak Haddad, it sheds light on sexual abuse of women in Arab society. "Duma is an extremely powerful documentary. Brutally realistic; revealingly provocative, and exceedingly enthralling." (Dr. Eylem Atakav, Huffington Post).

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