What is "cosmos"

Cosmos \Cos"mos\ (k[o^]z"m[o^]s), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ko`smos order, harmony, the world (from its perfect order and arrangement); akin to Skr. [,c]ad to distinguish one's self.]

1. The universe or universality of created things; -- so called from the order and harmony displayed in it.

2. The theory or description of the universe, as a system displaying order and harmony.
   --Humboldt. [1913 Webster] ||

Cosmos \Cos"mos\, n. (Bot.) A genus of composite plants closely related to Bidens, usually with very showy flowers, some with yellow, others with red, scarlet, purple, white, or lilac rays. They are natives of the warmer parts of America, and many species are cultivated. Cosmos bipinnatus and Cosmos diversifolius are among the best-known species; Cosmos caudatus, of the West Indies, is widely naturalized.

c.1200 (but not popular until 1848, as a translation of Humboldt's Kosmos), from Latinized form of Greek kosmos "order, good order, orderly arrangement," a word with several main senses rooted in those notions: The verb kosmein meant generally "to dispose, prepare," but especially "to order and arrange (troops for battle), to set (an army) in array;" also "to establish (a government or regime);" "to deck, adorn, equip, dress" (especially of women). Thus kosmos had an important secondary sense of "ornaments of a woman's dress, decoration" (compare kosmokomes "dressing the hair") as well as "the universe, the world."\n

\nPythagoras is said to have been the first to apply this word to "the universe," perhaps originally meaning "the starry firmament," but later it was extended to the whole physical world, including the earth. For specific reference to "the world of people," the classical phrase was he oikoumene (ge) "the inhabited (earth)." Septuagint uses both kosmos and oikoumene. Kosmos also was used in Christian religious writing with a sense of "worldly life, this world (as opposed to the afterlife)," but the more frequent word for this was aion, literally "lifetime, age."

Etymology 1 n. The universe. Etymology 2

n. (plural of cosmo English)

1. n. everything that exists anywhere; "they study the evolution of the universe"; "the biggest tree in existence" [syn: universe, existence, creation, world, macrocosm]

2. any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously colored flowers and pinnate leaves; popular fall-blooming annuals [syn: cosmea]

CoSMoS is a UK funded research project seeking do build capacity in generic modelling tools and simulation techniques for complex systems. Its acronym stands for Complex Systems Modelling and Simulation. This is a four-year project, running from 2007 to 2011 as a collaboration between the University of York and Kent, with further collaborations from the University of Abertay Dundee and Bristol Robotics Laboratory.

Cosmos is a genus, with the same common name of cosmos, consisting of flowering plants in the sunflower family.

Cosmos generally refers to an orderly or harmonious system.

Cosmos or Kosmos may also refer to:

Cosmos is the name of several fictional characters in the various Transformers universes. He is sometimes referred to as "Autobot Cosmos" for trademark purposes. Wired Magazine once nominated him as one of the 12 most ridiculous Transformers of all time.

Cosmos is the debut album by The Send which was released on July 31, 2007 by Tooth & Nail Records. Joseph Kisselburgh teamed up with ' Aaron Sprinkle to "bring spiritual songs into existence from beyond," rather than force a pop record.' The first single is "An Epiphany". A video was released for this song on July 12, 2007. An e-card was released for the album by Tooth & Nail on July 24, 2007 and can be watched here.

Cosmos was available for pre-order, and came autographed with a free limited edition five-song vinyl LP.

Cosmos is the ninth studio album by the Japanese rock band Buck-Tick. The album was released on June 21, 1996 through Victor Entertainment. It was the group's last album released through Victor and peaked at number six on the Oricon charts. Cosmos has sold 170,000 copies worldwide as of 2011. The album was digitally remastered and re-released on September 19, 2002, with two bonus tracks. It was remastered and re-released again on September 5, 2007. The song "Tight Rope" was later re-recorded as the b-side to the group's "Alice in Wonder Underground" single in 2007, and "Sane" was re-recorded in 2012 for their "Elise no Tame ni" single.

Kosmos is a 1965 novel by the Polish author Witold Gombrowicz. The narrative revolves around two young men who seek the solitude of the country; their peace is disturbed when a set of random occurrences suggest to their susceptible minds a pattern with sinister meanings. The humour arises, as it often does in Gombrowicz's work, in the extremity of paranoia and confusion exhibited by the protagonist.

Themes appearing in this work that are also common in the author's oeuvre are the search for form and meaning in a chaotic existence, and the fragile nature of the human mind. The novel was awarded the 1967 International Prize for Literature.

The 1967 English translation was from the French and German translations rather than the Polish original. In 2004 Danuta Borchardt received a National Endowment for the Arts grant to enable her to prepare a revised translation directly from the Polish, a translation published by Yale University Press in 2005 and praised for its better renderings of Gombrowicz's complex language.

A film adaptation with the same title directed by Andrzej Żuławski won the Best Director award at the 68th Locarno Film Festival in Switzerland in 2015.

COSMOS is a science magazine produced in Australia with a global outlook and literary ambitions. It appears six times a year in print, on iPad and browser-based subscriber editions. It has a readership of 114,000 in print, 130,000 via browser subscribers and 50,000 on the iPad app. Its Internet sister, COSMOS Online, publishes daily news and has an audience of 300,000 unique visitors and 2 million page views monthly. It is subtitled "the science of everything" and is described as "a magazine of ideas, science, society and the future".

The magazine was established in November 2004 by the Melbourne-based neuroscientist and entrepreneur Dr Alan Finkel, Sydney magazine publishing executive Kylie Ahern and science journalists Wilson da Silva and Elizabeth Finkel. Launched in 2005, it has won 47 journalism and industry awards, including Magazine of the Year in both 2009 and 2006, Editor of the Year in 2006 and 2005, and Best Internet Site at Australia's Bell Awards for Publishing Excellence, as well as a Reuters/World Conservation Union Award for Excellence in Environmental Reporting, an Earth Journalism Award and the American Institute of Physics Science Writing Award. The magazine is published by Cosmos Media Pty Ltd, a boutique publishing house that was named Best Publisher at the same awards ceremony in 2009 and 2006.

Originally founded in Sydney, where da Silva and Ahern were based, in June 2013 the company moved to Melbourne following its acquisition in February 2013 by co-founders Alan and Elizabeth Finkel, who purchased the remaining stake they did not already own from co-founders Kylie Ahern and Wilson da Silva, both of whom chose to leave the business to pursue other interests.

Writers whose work have featured include Margaret Wertheim, Jared Diamond, Tim Flannery, Richard Dawkins, Edward O. Wilson, Michio Kaku, Susan Greenfield, Steven Pinker, Paul Davies, Simon Singh and Oliver Sacks.

COSMOS is produced in Australia and sold internationally, with a news-stand presence in New Zealand, the United States, the United Kingdom and Asia. In June 2006, the magazine launched a daily Internet news and features service. It also produces a weekly email newsletter, Cosmos Update, and the educational supplement Cosmos Teacher's Notes, which reach 70% of Australian high schools and hundreds in the United Kingdom and New Zealand.

The magazine was the originator of HELLO FROM EARTH, a web-based initiative to send messages from the public, each just 160 characters in length, to Gliese 581d, the (then) nearest Earth-like planet outside the Solar System. Created as a science communication exercise for 2009 National Science Week in Australia, it collected nearly 26,000 messages that were beamed by NASA's Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex on 28 August 2009.

Cosmos (1980) is a popular science book by astronomer and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Carl Sagan. Its 13 illustrated chapters, corresponding to the 13 episodes of the Cosmos TV series, which the book was co-developed with and intended to complement, explore the mutual development of science and civilization. One of Sagan's main purposes for the book and television series was to explain complex scientific ideas to anyone interested in learning. Sagan also believed the television was one of the greatest teaching tools ever invented, so he wished to capitalize on his chance to educate the world. Spurred in part by the popularity of the TV series, Cosmos spent 50 weeks on the Publishers Weekly best-sellers list and 70 weeks on the New York Times Best Seller list to become the best-selling science book ever published at the time. In 1981, it received the Hugo Award for Best Non-Fiction Book. The book's unprecedented success ushered in a dramatic increase in visibility for science-themed literature. The success of the book also jumpstarted Sagan's literary career. The sequel to Cosmos is Pale Blue Dot: A Vision of the Human Future in Space (1994).

In 2013, Cosmos was published in a new edition, with a foreword by Ann Druyan and an essay by Neil deGrasse Tyson.

Cosmos is the first full-length record released by space rock/prog duo Zombi. All songs were written by both members of the duo, except "Cassiopeia" and "Andromeda" which were written and performed by bassist-keyboard player Steve Moore.

Cosmos, in comics, may refer to:

• Cosmos (Transformers), a Transformer who has appeared in the comic books based on the toys
• Cosmos, a Wildstorm character from Welcome to Tranquillity
• Cosmos, an Image Comics character from Red Mass for Mars by Jonathan Hickman
• Cosmos, a DC Comics character from Green Lantern

Cosmos is an album by jazz saxophonist Lou Donaldson recorded for the Blue Note label featuring Donaldson with Ed Williams, Leon Spencer, Melvin Sparks, Jerry Jemmott, Idris Muhammad, and Ray Armando, with vocals by Mildred Brown, Rosalyn Brown, and Naomi Thomas, arranged by Jimmy Briggs.

The album was awarded 1 star in an Allmusic review.

Cosmos was a Latvian a cappella band that formed in Riga in 2002. The band comprised singers Jānis Šipkēvics, Andris Sējāns (both countertenors), Juris Lisenko ( tenor), Jānis Ozols ( baritone), Jānis Strazdiņš ( bass) and Reinis Sējāns ( rhythm).

Cosmos gained national and international recognition after they were chosen to represent Latvia in the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest held in Athens, Greece with the song " I Hear Your Heart". Despite winning the national Eirodziesma 2006 contest, the band finished in seventeenth place out of the twenty-four competing nations, with thirty points.

COSMOS (computer system for main frame operations) was a record-keeping system for main distribution frames (MDFs) in the Bell System, the American Bell Telephone Company and then, subsequently, AT&T–led system which provided telephone services to much of the United States and Canada from 1977 to 1984.

COSMOS was introduced in the 1970s after MDFs were found to be congested in large urban telephone exchanges. It assigns terminals so jumpers need not be so long, thus leaving more space on the shelves. COSMOS also converts customer service orders into printed work orders for staff who connect the jumpers. COSMOS orders are usually coordinated with RCMAC to ensure that translations match wiring. With good computer records, jumpers are often left in place for reuse when one customer replaces another, resulting in a great reduction in labor.

More modern modular MDFs were developed around the same time called COSMIC (Common System Main Interconnecting) frames

'''Cosmos '''(C# Open Source Managed Operating System) is an open-source operating system toolkit written primarily in C# as well as small amounts of a high level assembly language called X#. It encompasses an AOT compiler known as IL2CPU to translate Common Intermediate Language (CIL) into native instructions. Cosmos compiles user-made programs and associated libraries using IL2CPU to create a bootable native executable that can be run with no support. The resulting output can be booted from a USB flash drive, CD-ROM, over a network via PXE, or inside a virtual machine. Recent releases also allow deploying to certain x86 embedded devices over USB. While C# is the primary language used by developers (both on the backend and by the users of Cosmos themselves), many CLI languages can be used, provided they compile to pure CIL without the use of P/Invokes. Cosmos is primarily intended for use with .NET Framework, with Mono support in the works.

According to the Cosmos website, Cosmos is a backronym for C# Open Source Managed Operating System, in that the name was chosen before the meaning. Cosmos does not currently aim to become a full operating system, but rather a toolkit to allow other developers to simply and easily build their own operating systems, or as one of the project leaders put it, to act as "operating system Legos". It also functions as an abstraction layer, hiding much of the inner workings of the hardware from the eventual developer.

Older versions of Cosmos were released in "Milestones", with the last being Milestone 5 (released August, 2010). More recently, the project switched to simply naming new releases after the latest commit number. Releases of Cosmos are divided into two types: the "Userkit", and the "Devkit". The Cosmos "Userkit" is a pre-packaged release that is updated every so often, as new and improved features are added. Userkits are generally considered stable however do not include recent changes and may lack features. The "Devkit" simply refers to the source code of Cosmos, and must be built manually. The devkits are usually unstable as they may contain unfinished or untested code. The Devkit can be acquired on GitHub and uses Git as the source control management. Most work on Cosmos is currently aimed at improving debugger functionality and Visual Studio integration. Kernel work is focused on implementing file systems, memory management, and developing a reliable network interface. Syslinux serves as the project's bootloader.

COSMOS is the scientific journal of the Singapore National Academy of Science. It is published twice annually by World Scientific and covers interdisciplinary research in Science and Mathematics.

The Cosmos is a nineteenth-century Italian ship made entirely of wood. It had three masts with square sails, and was built circa 1860-1875. Ordered by the Owners Frassinetti brothers, built in 16 months at Cantieri Cadenaggio, launched December 10, 1865, for the traditional routes between Liguria and South America, made its maiden voyage in 51 days Genoa, Montevideo. After five years of service, following severe storm damage reported in the passage of Cape Horn, it was placed in disarmament in Genoa.

Cosmos is a serial novel consisting of seventeen chapters written by seventeen authors. The novel appeared in issues of the science fiction fan publication Science Fiction Digest (later Fantasy Magazine) published from July, 1933 through January, 1935.

Cosmos has been described variously as "the world's most fabulous serial," "one of the unique stunts of early science fiction," and "a failure, miserable and near-complete."

Cosmos is a 2015 French-Portuguese thriller film directed by Andrzej Żuławski. The screenplay by Żuławski is based on the novel of the same name by Witold Gombrowicz. It tells the story of two friends who spend time at a countryside guesthouse where they discover mysterious and frightening signs. The filmmakers label it as a "metaphysical noir thriller".

The film premiered in competition at the Locarno International Film Festival, where it won the award for Best Direction.

Cosmos is a double LP by jazz pianist McCoy Tyner released on the Blue Note label in August 1977. It contains material recorded in November 1968, April 1969 and July 1970 and features two trio performances by Tyner with Herbie Lewis, and Freddie Waits a larger group featuring Harold Vick, Al Gibbons and a string quartet and a sextet with Hubert Laws, Andrew White and Gary Bartz. The album has not yet been released on CD but the three tracks from the July 21, 1970 recording session appear on the CD release of Asante.

Cosmos is a 2010 Turkish-Bulgarian drama film, written and directed by Reha Erdem, starring Sermet Yeşil as a thief and a miracle-worker who is welcomed into a tiny, snowbound border village after resuscitating a half-drowned boy. The film, which went on nationwide general release across Turkey on , won four awards at the 46th Antalya "Golden Orange" International Film Festival, including the Golden Orange for Best Film, which it shared with Bornova Bornova (2009) directed by İnan Temelkuran. The film also won the Golden Apricot at the 2010 Yerevan International Film Festival, Armenia, for Best Feature Film.

Cosmos is a Canadian drama film, released in 1996. Written and directed by Jennifer Alleyn, Manon Briand, Marie-Julie Dallaire, Arto Paragamian, André Turpin and Denis Villeneuve, the film is an anthology of six short films, one by each of the credited directors, linked by the common character of Cosmos ( Igor Ovadis), a Greek immigrant working as a cab driver in Montreal.

The film, made by a collective of then-emerging young directors, was considered an unofficial sequel to Montréal vu par..., a 1991 anthology film by six more established filmmakers.

The film was Canada's submission to the 70th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, but did not make the shortlist. It was also a shortlisted nominee for Best Motion Picture at the 18th Genie Awards, but lost to The Sweet Hereafter.

In the area of mathematics known as category theory, a cosmos is a symmetric closed monoidal category that is complete and cocomplete. Enriched category theory is often considered over a cosmos.