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The Collaborative International Dictionary
cognomen

Name \Name\ (n[=a]m), n. [AS. nama; akin to D. naam, OS. & OHG. namo, G. name, Icel. nafn, for namn, Dan. navn, Sw. namn, Goth. nam[=o], L. nomen (perh. influenced by noscere, gnoscere, to learn to know), Gr. 'o`mona, Scr. n[=a]man. [root]267. Cf. Anonymous, Ignominy, Misnomer, Nominal, Noun.]

  1. The title by which any person or thing is known or designated; a distinctive specific appellation, whether of an individual or a class.

    Whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof.
    --Gen. ii. 19.

    What's in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet.
    --Shak.

  2. A descriptive or qualifying appellation given to a person or thing, on account of a character or acts.

    His name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
    --Is. ix. 6.

  3. Reputed character; reputation, good or bad; estimation; fame; especially, illustrious character or fame; honorable estimation; distinction.

    What men of name resort to him?
    --Shak.

    Far above . . . every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come.
    --Eph. i. 21.

    I will get me a name and honor in the kingdom.
    --1 Macc. iii. 1

  4. He hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin.
    --Deut. xxii. 19.

    The king's army . . . had left no good name behind.
    --Clarendon.

    4. Those of a certain name; a race; a family.

    The ministers of the republic, mortal enemies of his name, came every day to pay their feigned civilities.
    --Motley.

  5. A person, an individual. [Poetic] They list with women each degenerate name. --Dryden. Christian name.

    1. The name a person receives at baptism, as distinguished from surname; baptismal name; in western countries, it is also called a first name.

    2. A given name, whether received at baptism or not. Given name. See under Given. In name, in profession, or by title only; not in reality; as, a friend in name. In the name of.

      1. In behalf of; by the authority of. `` I charge you in the duke's name to obey me.''
        --Shak.

      2. In the represented or assumed character of. ``I'll to him again in name of Brook.''
        --Shak.

        Name plate, a plate as of metal, glass, etc., having a name upon it, as a sign; a doorplate.

        Pen name, a name assumed by an author; a pseudonym or nom de plume.
        --Bayard Taylor.

        Proper name (Gram.), a name applied to a particular person, place, or thing.

        To call names, to apply opprobrious epithets to; to call by reproachful appellations.

        To take a name in vain, to use a name lightly or profanely; to use a name in making flippant or dishonest oaths.
        --Ex. xx. 7.

        Syn: Appellation; title; designation; cognomen; denomination; epithet.

        Usage: Name, Appellation, Title, Denomination. Name is generic, denoting that combination of sounds or letters by which a person or thing is known and distinguished. Appellation, although sometimes put for name simply, denotes, more properly, a descriptive term (called also agnomen or cognomen), used by way of marking some individual peculiarity or characteristic; as, Charles the Bold, Philip the Stammerer. A title is a term employed to point out one's rank, office, etc.; as, the Duke of Bedford, Paul the Apostle, etc. Denomination is to particular bodies what appellation is to individuals; thus, the church of Christ is divided into different denominations, as Congregationalists, Episcopalians, Presbyterians, etc.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
cognomen

1809, from Latin com- "with" (see co-) + (g)nomen "name" (see name (n.)). Third or family name of a Roman citizen (Caius Julius Cæsar).

Wiktionary
cognomen

n. 1 surname 2 the third part of the name of a citizen of ancient Rome 3 a nickname or epithet by which someone is identified; a byname; a moniker or sobriquet

WordNet
cognomen
  1. n. a familiar name for a person (often a shortened version of a person's given name); "Joe's mother would not use his nickname and always called him Joseph"; "Henry's nickname was Slim" [syn: nickname, moniker, sobriquet, soubriquet]

  2. the name used to identify the members of a family (as distinguished from each member's given name) [syn: surname, family name, last name]

  3. [also: cognomina (pl)]

Wikipedia
Cognomen

A cognomen (, ; Latin plural cōgnōmina; con- "together with" and (g)nōmen "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but it lost that purpose when it became hereditary. Hereditary cognomina were used to augment the second name (the family name, or clan name) in order to identify a particular branch within a family or family within a clan. The term has also taken on other contemporary meanings.

Usage examples of "cognomen".

The President of the College was a Lucius Calpurnius Piso who had a second cognomen, Frugi, to distinguish his part of the Calpurnius Piso clan from the Calpurnii Pisones who had allied themselves in marriage with Publius Rutilius Rufus, and bore the second cognomen Caesoninus.

Why do you think that a McRea of McRea would condescend to use such a cognomen as Cabpleasure, open as it is to comment from a primitive sense of humour?

Why do you think that a McRea of McRea would condescend to use such a cognomen as Cabpleasure, open as it is to comment from a primitive sense of humor?

In the hands of this artist the song became-- There was an aged and indigent African whose cognomen was Uncle Edward, But he is deceased since a remote period, a very remote period.

Others—heretics, infidels, suchlike monsters—have preferred other cognomens: the Darkworms, the Slime of Creation, the—well!

But all of those cognomens carry a certain connotation of unbridled force and fury.

The laughs grew louder and louder, as he heard his wife bestow upon him his new cognomens of ridicule and ignominy.

Geoffrey Day's noted the way most of the male residents of Ennet House have special little cognomens for their genitals.

Eon Bisi Dakuen, Prince of Axum (and all the other royal cognomens which Garmat had appended, to which the boy was not entitled—but who was to know otherwise in Bharakuccha?

Eon Bisi Dakuen, Prince of Axum (and all the other royal cognomens which Garmat had appended, to which the boy was not entitled—but who was to know otherwise in Bharakuccha?

Gately's cognomen growing up and moving through public grades had been Bim or Bimmy, or The Simulator, etc.

Potokomik had been rechristened by a Hudson's Bay Company agent “Kenneth,” and Kumuk, in like manner, had had the name of “George" bestowed upon him, but Iksialook bad been overlooked or neglected in this respect, and his brain was not taxed with trying to remember a Christian cognomen that none of his people would ever call or know him by.

Lords, Grigor's cognomen says it all: for as fast as the Lech acquires female tithelings, so he wears them out!

Under the temporary pressure of pecuniary liabilities, contracted with a view to their immediate liquidation, but remaining unliquidated through a combination of circumstances, I have been under the necessity of assuming a garb from which my natural instincts recoil - I allude to spectacles - and possessing myself of a cognomen, to which I can establish no legitimate pretensions.