What is "black friday"

Black Friday \Black Friday\ Any Friday on which a public disaster has occurred, as: In England, December 6, 1745, when the news of the landing of the Pretender reached London, or May 11, 1866, when a financial panic commenced. In the United States, September 24, 1869, and September 18, 1873, on which financial panics began.

Etymology 1 n. 1 A Friday falling on the 13th day of the month (and therefore doubly ill-omened). 2 Any Friday actually darkened by catastrophe. 3 The anniversary of a number of catastrophic or unfortunate historical events originally occurring on a Friday. 4 (lb de possibly obsolete) Good Friday. Etymology 2

n. 1 (context US Canada business retailing English) The day after U.S. Thanksgiving Day, generally regarded as the first day of the Christmas season, and the busiest shopping day of the year. Observed in the U.S. and, more recently, Canada. (This usage may also very possibly originate in Etymology 1) 2 by extension, the sales period involving heavy price reductions immediately following U.S. Thanksgiving Day, from Friday (the original Black Friday) through Monday (Cyber Monday).

Black Friday, September 24, 1869 was caused by the efforts of two speculators, Jay Gould and James Fisk, to corner the gold market on the New York Gold Exchange. It was one of several scandals that undermined the stability of the presidency of Ulysses S. Grant.

Black Friday ( Persian: جمعه سیاه Jom'e-ye Siyāh) is the name given to 8 September 1978 (17 Shahrivar 1357 Iranian calendar) and the shootings in Jaleh Square ( Persian: میدان ژاله Meydān-e Jāleh) in Tehran, Iran. The deaths and the reaction to them has been described as a pivotal event in the Iranian Revolution when any "hope for compromise" between the protest movement and the Shah's regime was extinguished.

Black Friday is the day following Thanksgiving Day in the United States (the fourth Thursday of November). Since 1932, it has been regarded as the beginning of the Christmas shopping season in the U.S., and most major retailers open very early (and more recently during overnight hours) and offer promotional sales. Black Friday is not an official holiday, but California and some other states observe "The Day After Thanksgiving" as a holiday for state government employees, sometimes in lieu of another federal holiday such as Columbus Day. Many non-retail employees and schools have both Thanksgiving and the following Friday off, which, along with the following regular weekend, makes it a four-day weekend, thereby increasing the number of potential shoppers. It has routinely been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005, although news reports, which at that time were inaccurate, have described it as the busiest shopping day of the year for a much longer period of time. Similar stories resurface year upon year at this time, portraying hysteria and shortage of stock, creating a state of positive feedback.

In 2014, spending volume on Black Friday fell for the first time since the 2008 recession. $50.9 billion was spent during the 4-day Black Friday weekend, down 11% from the previous year. However, the U.S. economy was not in a recession. Christmas creep has been cited as a factor in the diminishing importance of Black Friday, as many retailers now spread out their promotions over the entire months of November and December rather than concentrate them on a single shopping day or weekend.

The earliest evidence of the phrase Black Friday applied to the day after Thanksgiving in a shopping context suggests that the term originated in Philadelphia, where it was used to describe the heavy and disruptive pedestrian and vehicle traffic that would occur on the day after Thanksgiving. This usage dates to at least 1961. More than twenty years later, as the phrase became more widespread, a popular explanation became that this day represented the point in the year when retailers begin to turn a profit, thus going from being "in the red" to being "in the black".

For many years, it was common for retailers to open at 6:00 a.m., but in the late 2000s many had crept to 5:00 or 4:00. This was taken to a new extreme in 2011, when several retailers (including Target, Kohl's, Macy's, Best Buy, and Bealls) opened at midnight for the first time. In 2012, Walmart and several other retailers announced that they would open most of their stores at 8:00 p.m. on Thanksgiving Day, prompting calls for a walkout among some workers. In 2014 stores such as JCPenney, Best Buy, and Radio Shack opened at 5:00 PM on Thanksgiving Day while stores such as Target, Walmart, Belk, and Sears opened at 6:00 PM on Thanksgiving Day. Three states, Rhode Island, Maine, and Massachusetts, prohibit large supermarkets, big box stores, and department stores from opening on Thanksgiving, due to blue laws.

There have been reports of violence occurring between shoppers on Black Friday. Since 2006, there have been 7 reported deaths and 98 injuries throughout the United States. It is common for prospective shoppers to camp out over the Thanksgiving holiday in an effort to secure a place in front of the line and thus a better chance at getting desired items. This poses a significant safety risk (such as the use of propane and generators in the most elaborate cases, and in general, the blocking of emergency access and fire lanes, causing at least one city to ban the practice.)

Black Friday, in British labour history, refers to 15 April 1921, when the leaders of transport and rail unions announced a decision not to call for strike action in support of the miners. The epithet 'black' derives from a widespread feeling that the decision amounted to a breach of solidarity and a betrayal of the miners.

Black Friday is a 1940 American science fiction film starring Boris Karloff. Béla Lugosi, although second-billed, has only a small part in the film and does not appear with Karloff. Writer Curt Siodmak would revisit this theme again in Donovan's Brain (1953) and Hauser's Memory (1970).

Black Friday ( Dhivehi: ކަޅު ހުކުރު), Friday, August 13, 2004, was the crackdown by the Maldivian National Security Service (NSS) — later Maldivian National Defence Force — on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé. This unplanned and unorganized demonstration was the largest such protest in the country's history. Beginning on the evening of August 12, 2004, the demonstration grew and continued until it was forcefully ended on the afternoon of August 13, 2004. Protesters initially demanding the freeing of the pro-reformists arrested on the afternoon of August 12, 2004. As the protest continued to grow, people demanded the resignation of president Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, who had been in power since 1978. What started as a peaceful demonstration ended after 22 hours, as the country's darkest day in recent history. Several people were severely injured as NSS personnel used riot batons and teargas on unarmed civilians.

Pursuant to the powers vested in him by Section 144 of the Constitution — and for only the second time in Maldives history — president Maumoon Abdul Gayoom declared a State of Emergency in Malé and the nearby islands a few minutes after the crackdown. Several members of the Majlis, former cabinet ministers, and many reformists were arrested. As a symbol of unity, President Gayoom pardoned all arrested following the December 26th tsunami.

Black Friday is a 2007 Indian crime film written and directed by Anurag Kashyap based on Black Friday – The True Story of the Bombay Bomb Blasts, a book by Hussain Zaidi about the 1993 Bombay bombings. The film's creative consultant, Chandramohan Puppala, attempted to recreate those events and the intense feelings that followed them. It won the Grand Jury Prize at the Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles and was a nominee for the Best Film (Golden Leopard) award at the Locarno International Film Festival. The film was so controversial that the Indian Censor Board did not allow it to be released in India for three years and was finally released on 9 February 2007 after Supreme Court of India allowed it following the verdict in the '93 Bombay blast case was delivered by TADA court.

On 9 February 1945, a force of Allied Bristol Beaufighter aircraft suffered heavy casualties during an unsuccessful attack on the German destroyer Z33 and its escorting vessels; the operation was labelled "Black Friday" by the surviving Allied aircrew. The German ships were sheltering in a strong defensive position in Førde Fjord, Norway, forcing the Allied aircraft to attack through heavy anti-aircraft fire. The Beaufighters and their escort of Mustang IIIs ( North American P-51 Mustang) fighters from the RAF's No. 65 Squadron were also intercepted by twelve German Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighters of the Luftwaffe fighter wing Jagdgeschwader 5. In the resulting attack, the Allies damaged at least two of the German ships for the loss of seven Beaufighters shot down by flak guns. Another two Beaufighters and one Mustang were shot down by the Fw 190s. Four or five German fighters were shot down by the Allied aircraft, including one flown by German Ace Rudi Linz.

The decision to attack Z33 and her escorts rather than a nearby group of merchant ships was in accordance with RAF Coastal Command's orders from the British Admiralty. The heavy casualties sustained in the raid led to merchant ships being prioritised over destroyers and small warships in subsequent operations. In addition, another squadron of P-51 Mustangs was assigned to protect Allied aircraft operating near Norway from German fighters.

Black Friday was a women's suffrage event that occurred in the United Kingdom on 18 November 1910.

The protests came in response to parliamentary proceedings regarding the Conciliation Bill, which would have extended the right of women to vote in Britain and Ireland to around 1,000,000 wealthy, property-owning women. The bill made it to a second reading, but British Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith indicated that there would be no more Parliamentary time for the reading in the current session.

In response, the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) sent a delegation of around 300 women to protest, and 200 were assaulted when they attempted to run past the police. Many of the arrested suffragettes reported being assaulted and manhandled by the police. It was the first documented use of police force against suffragettes. In the aftermath, Asquith's car was vandalized, and the event caused some embarrassment to Winston Churchill who was Home Secretary at the time.

119 were arrested, men and women.

Black Friday was the nickname given by 1st Battalion The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada to the date 13 October 1944. On that day, during World War II's Battle of the Scheldt in The Netherlands near Hoogerheide, the regiment attacked German positions on a raised railway embankment across 1,200 yards of open beet fields and suffered 145 casualties, including 56 dead, among them all four company commanders. Twenty-seven were taken prisoner. One company of 90 men was reduced to just four survivors.

Black Friday or Mad Friday is a nickname for the last Friday before Christmas in the United Kingdom.

It is the most popular night for office Christmas parties, which consequently makes it one of the busiest nights in the year for ambulances and the police.

Black Friday may refer to:

Black Friday is the second mixtape by American rapper Lil' Kim, released on February 14, 2011 through PayPal. The title track is a response to Nicki Minaj's song " Roman's Revenge". The mixtape also contains the track "Grindin' Makin' Money", a collaboration which features rappers Birdman and Nicki Minaj, which Kim claims ignited the feud between her and Minaj, as well as another diss song towards Minaj titled "Pissin' On 'Em".

Black Friday is the soundtrack and score for the 2004 film Black Friday. The album has been composed by the band Indian Ocean and it is their first film soundtrack. It has a total of nine tracks - three songs and six instrumentals. The album was released in January 2005 by Times Music.

Black Friday was recorded over three months in 2003-04, and K J Singh (who produced Kandisa) was the sound engineer as well as co-producer. The album's instrumentals make extensive use of brass instruments, woodwinds and digital sounds; the use of the saxophone, clarinet and electric guitar was a first for the band.

Anurag Kashyap, the director of the film, is a fan of Indian Ocean and owns all their albums. He visited the band in Delhi along with Arindam Mitra, the producer of the film. "Nothing filmi for my film," he told the band about the kind of music he was expecting. Kashyap gave the band a free hand when it came to the music. He gave the following reason for choosing Indian Ocean to compose the music for his film-

The band created four tunes for the album, but only three made it into the final album. Kashyap was listening to some of their tracks and liked Bandeh. Later Piyush Mishra wrote the words after getting "the feel of the song." He has also written the lyrics for the other two songs - Badshah In Jail and Bharam Bhap Ke.

Black Friday is the most successful album of Indian Ocean, and the song Bandeh was an instant hit reaching a peak position of #2 on the film charts. The music the music video song '"Bandeh" made by Birsa Dasgupta, who was a unit director in the film crew, also became popular.

On 30 September 2005, police shot and killed nine protesters in the north-east Indian towns of Tura and Williamnagar.

They were the single largest acts of violence in those towns since the Indian Independence Movement. Friday 30 September 2005 became known locally as "Black Friday". The students were protesting against the decision of the state government to transfer the education board from Tura to the state capital, Shillong. Such a move was extremely unpopular in the west of Meghalaya because the area is predominantly made up of members of the Garo tribe - whereas the east of the state (including Shillong) is mostly inhabited by members of the Khasi tribe. Protesters complained that the transfer meant that the west of Meghalaya would be bereft departments, given all were transferred east.

Black Friday is Faderhead's fourth album. It was released 8 October 2010. It is the first album title not to follow the FH album trend, as unlike previous albums, Black Friday is Faderhead's first concept album. There are 16 tracks, each a new part of the overall story arc. It tells the story of a Friday night gone wrong, from the end of the working day, to the fun in the clubs, the inevitable crash, and all the chaos in between. A short film has been shot to tie in with the promotion of the album, and portrays the story in a visual medium.

Destroy Improve Rebuild is set to be the first single for the album. It has already been previewed at various gigs in 2010, and Faderhead has released a Club Edit as well as for the tracks "Do You Know Who I Think I Am?" and "The Way to Fuck God".

The 15-minute short film for Black Friday was released on the official website in November 2010.

In 2011 saw the release of 'The Way to Fuck Clubs' EP. It featured remixes and a live acoustic, as well as a new demo when purchased through the Faderhead website.

Black Friday is the fifteenth novel in the CHERUB series by Robert Muchamore, and the third book of the Aramov trilogy, the sequel series to the best-selling original CHERUB series, which was published between 2004 and 2010. This carries on from the series featuring long-standing central character James Adams. The series has a new central character called Ryan Sharma. The original CHERUB series was centered on James Choke, or James Adams (his CHERUB name), a child secret agent, and it follows his recruitment to his retirement. As the series progresses, it also involves his younger sister and his friends as they carry out missions worldwide. The Aramov series is centred on Ryan Sharma, a new agent. The book was released in September 2013.

Category:CHERUB novels Category:2013 British novels Category:British novels Category:Thriller novels Category:Spy novels

Black Friday is the tenth mixtape by American hip hop recording artist Jay Rock. It was released on November 26, 2010, for free download and then on December 7, 2010, via iTunes and Amazon.com, under Top Dawg Entertainment. It was Jay Rock's last mixtape before the release of his debut studio album Follow Me Home.

Black Friday (originally published in 1986 as ) is an American thriller novel by James Patterson. The book was initially published in 1986 through Simon & Schuster and Patterson released a slightly re-written version of the novel in 2000 through Warner Books.

The 2000 edition, Black Friday, was a New York Times Bestseller for paperback fiction.

Black Friday is a mixtape by rapper Tony Yayo hosted by G-Unit's DJ Whoo Kid. The mixtape features exclusive tracks from Tony Yayo with appearances by Uncle Murda, Spider Loc, 50 Cent, Trav, 40 Glocc and Stack Bundles. It was released for digital download on September 30, 2008 on datpiff.

"Black Friday" is the seventh episode in the seventeenth season of the American animated television series South Park. The 244th episode of the series overall, it premiered on Comedy Central in the United States on November 13, 2013. The episode is the first of a three-episode story arc, which continues with " A Song of Ass and Fire", and concludes with " Titties and Dragons". The plot, which employs themes and motifs from the TV series Game of Thrones, concerns the characters' anticipation of a Black Friday sale, with Randy Marsh taking a temporary job as a mall security guard to gain an advantage over the holiday shopping crowds, and the children of South Park split into two factions over whether to collectively purchase bargain-priced Xbox One or PlayStation 4 video game consoles to facilitate their online group gaming.

Due to the high praise that the episode received, this episode was submitted for, and received, a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour) at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards.

"Black Friday" is the eleventh episode of the horror black comedy series Scream Queens. It premiered on December 1, 2015 on Fox. The episode was directed by Bradley Buecker and written by Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan. In this episode, The Red Devils attempt to crash The Chanels' shopping spree in celebration of their favorite holiday, Black Friday. As the Kappa Kappa Tau girls conclude that Dean Munsch ( Jamie Lee Curtis) is the Devil, they make several attempts to kill her. Meanwhile, someone else confesses to being the murderer.

The episode was watched by 2.40 million viewers and received positive reviews from critics.