What is "bernard"

masc. proper name, from German Bernhard, literally "bold as a bear," from Old High German bero "bear" (see bear (n.)) + harti "hard, bold, strong" (see hard).

n. Shortened form of Saint Bernard (''the dog'').

The masculine given name Bernard and its variations are of West Germanic origin.

The meaning of the name is from a Germanic compound Bern-hard meaning "bear-hardy/brave/strong", or "hardy/brave/strong as a bear". Bern- is the old form of bear, from West Germanic *beran-.

The name was notably popular among Old Frisian speakers, where the most common spelling was Bernhard.

Bernard is a given name and a family name.

Bernard may also refer to:

Bernard or Bernhard (ca. 870 – 891/2) was the only child of Emperor Charles the Fat. He was born of an unknown concubine and was thus considered illegitimate. Charles tried to make him his heir, but failed in two attempts.

Charles tried to have Bernard recognised as his heir in 885, but met the opposition of several bishops. He had the support of Pope Adrian III, whom he invited to an assembly in Worms in October 885, but who died on the way, just after crossing the river Po. Hadrian was going to depose the obstructing bishops, as Charles doubted he could do this himself, and legitimise Bernard. Based on the unfavouring attitude of the chronicler of the Mainz continuation of the Annales Fuldenses, the chief of Charles' opponents in the matter was probably Liutbert, Archbishop of Mainz. Because Charles had called together the "bishops and counts of Gaul" as well as the pope to meet him at Worms, it seems likely that he planned to make Bernard King of Lotharingia. Notker the Stammerer, who considered Bernard as a possible heir, wrote in his Deeds of Charlemagne: "I will not tell you [Charles the Fat] of this [the Viking sack of the Abbey of Prüm] until I see your little son Bernard with a sword girt to his thigh." Perhaps Notker was awaiting Bernard's kingship, when Prüm would be avenged.

After the failure of his first attempt, Charles set about to try again, apparently having given up on having any legitimate children with his wife, Richardis. He had the term proles (offspring) inserted into his charters as it had not been in previous years, probably because he desired to legitimise Bernard. In early 886, Charles met the new Pope, Stephen V, and probably negotiated for the recognition of his son as his heir. When Stephen cancelled a planned meeting at Waiblingen on 30 April 887, Charles probably abandoned his plans for Bernard and instead adopted Louis of Provence as his son at Kirchen in May. It is possible, however, that the agreement with Louis was only designed to engender support for Bernard's subkingship in Lotharingia.

After his father's death, Bernard became the focus of revolt for some Alemannian magnates. In 890, he rebelled against Arnulf of Carinthia and prevented the king from going into Italy as requested by Pope Stephen V. Bernard had the support of Count Ulrich of the Linzgau and Argengau and Bernard, Abbot of Saint Gall. The revolt was put down by Solomon III, Bishop of Constance, and Hatto, Abbot of Reichenau. Arnulf entered Alemannia in the summer to redistribute lands. Bernard was finally killed by Rudolf, Count of Rhaetia, in 891 or 892 and only then did the unrest in Alemannia cease.

Bernard (died 1214) was a medieval English Bishop of Carlisle.

Bernard was the custodian of vacant see of Carlisle from about 1200. He was translated from the bishopric of Ragusa to the bishopric of Carlisle on 15 May 1203 by Pope Innocent III. He died about 8 July 1214.

Bernard (1115–1148) was a Norman Bishop of St David's, appointed by Henry I. He also served as Chancellor to Queen Adeliza. He was the last bishop to dispute the primacy of the see of Canterbury. He founded Whitland Abbey.

Bernard Anício Caldeira Duarte (born 8 September 1992), better known as Bernard and Bernard Duarte, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Shakhtar Donetsk in the Ukrainian Premier League, as a winger. A left-sided player, Bernard is known for his pace and energy.

He made his senior international debut in 2012 and was in the Brazilian squads which won the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup and reached the 2014 FIFA World Cup semi-finals on home soil.

Bernard was the first Archdeacon of Totnes.

Bernard was a medieval Bishop, Dominican monk and confessor of Pope Innocent VI.

Claude Wolf, called Bernard ( Sri Lanka, 1785 – ?) was an 19th-century French actor, singer, playwright and theatre manager.

Bernard, known as Backkom ( Hangul: 빼꼼) in South Korea, Backkom is a Non-verbal Computer Animation Cartoon Spanish-South Korean-French 3-minute CGI-animated children's comedy television series. Produced by the Korean company RG Animation Studios, with the investment of the South Korean broadcaster EBS, the Spanish BRB Internacional and the French M6, the animation style is of a combination of computer-generated and cel animation. The stories are written by the Spanish creative studio Screen21, the directors are José Luis Ucha Enríquez and Claudio Biern Lliviria. The music was written by Oscar Maceda Rodríguez. Bernard also was a part of Cartoon Network's Sunday Pants.

Bernard (died 1047×49) was the Bishop of Gaeta for fifty years from his appointment in 997 until his death. He was a member of the Docibilan dynasty which ruled the Duchy of Gaeta from 867 to 1032. During his long episcopate he achieved the economic security of his see in the face of labour difficulties, annexed the diocese of Traetto to his own in or soon after 999, and witnessed the decline and replacement of his family in Gaeta.

Bernard was a younger son of Duke Marinus II. His appointment as bishop in 997 may have been intended to give the ruling dynasty control of the church in their city, where conflicts with prior bishops had not been uncommon, or to contain the ambitions of a younger son; or both. His election as bishop was earlier than the month of May, during which he witnessed a charter by which the diocese leased some of its property to private persons, signing as a "cleric ... I should attain the rank of bishop" (clericus… quia debeo ad ordinem episcopatus adtingere). In September he consecrated a church in Gaeta before ceding it to three Roman churchmen. Towards the end of 998 he participated in a synod in Rome under Pope Gregory V. After the death of Andreas, bishop of Traetto, who last appears in documents in 999, he united the Traettan diocese to his own.

The first tests of Bernard's leadership were a couple of disputes in 999. He disputed the rights to Spinio (Spigno Vecchia) with his nephew, Count Daufer II of Traetto, but they came to an agreement and divided the place later that year. Then two famuli, John and Anatolius, sons of Passari Caprucce and his wife Benefacta, claimed they were free men while Bernard claimed they were slaves belonging the church of Gaeta. Bernard called in the assistance of the imperial missus of the region, Notticher, who travelled to Gaeta, Traetto, and Castro Argento to settle other labour disputes which had arisen and were costing the diocese heavily. Bernard alludes to working refusing to work in his letter to Notticher. When the missus demanded that John and Anatolius submit to trial by combat (unheard of in Gaeta, where Byzantine law was the rule), they instead swore an oath that their mother had been a freewoman and paid a pound of gold, which Notticher accepted.

As early as 1002 Bernard had entered into friendly relations with his sister-in-law Emilia. In that year he repaid her in land for the services she had done the church. When, in 1012, she became regent for her son, John V, Bernard supported her against her opponents, Leo I and Leo II, and by 1025 she was victorious, largely due to Bernard. In 1014 Bernard represented John during arguments held between the counts of Traetto and the Abbey of Montecassino, a sign of his importance during the regency of Emilia, but also of the declining importance of the dukes of Gaeta (nominally) in their own duchy.

In 1008, Bernard built the church of Saint John the Baptist in Gaeta with financial help from some of the leading families of the city. Of the last three decades of his episcopate, little is recorded. The last datable record is from 1032, the same year Prince Pandulf IV of Capua conquered the city. He continued on as bishop under successive Lombard and Norman governments, but how long is unknown. One dubious document from May 1047 refers to him as bishop, but he was succeeded, thanks to the remaining supporters of his family, by his nephew Leo, son of Leo II, at least by July 1049.

Bernard Crater is a large crater in the Memnonia quadrangle of Mars, located at 23.6° south latitude and 154.3° west longitude. It is 131.0 km in diameter and was named after P. Bernard, a French atmospheric scientist. The floor of the crater contains large cracks, which may be due to erosion.

Wikibernard.jpg|West side of Bernard Crater, as seen by CTX camera (on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter). Wikibernardclose.jpg|Close-up of part of floor of Bernard Crater, as seen by CTX camera (on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter). Wikibernarddevils.jpg|Close-up of part of floor of Bernard Crater showing troughs and dust devil tracks, as seen by CTX camera (on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter). Image:Bernard Crater Floor.JPG| Bernard Crater Floor, as seen by HiRISE. Large cracks are visible on floor. ESP 035163 1560memnoniafractures.jpg|Troughs on the floor of Bernard Crater showing many boulders, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program ESP 034596 1565memnoniafractures.jpg|Troughs on the floor of Bernard Crater, as seen by HiRISE under HiWish program

Impact craters generally have a rim with ejecta around them, in contrast volcanic craters usually do not have a rim or ejecta deposits. As craters get larger (greater than 10 km in diameter) they usually have a central peak. The peak is caused by a rebound of the crater floor following the impact. If one measures the diameter of a crater, the original depth can be estimated with various ratios. Because of this relationship, researchers have found that many Martian craters contain a great deal of material; much of it is believed to be ice deposited when the climate was different. Sometimes craters expose layers that were buried. Rocks from deep underground are tossed onto the surface. Hence, craters can show us what lies deep under the surface.