What is "benjamin"

Benzoin \Ben*zoin"\ (b[e^]n*zoin"), n. [Cf. F. benjoin, Sp. benjui, Pg. beijoin; all fr. Ar. lub[=a]n-j[=a]w[=i] incense form Sumatra (named Java in Arabic), the first syllable being lost. Cf. Benjamin.] Note: [Called also benjamin.]

1. A resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from the Styrax benzoin, a tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. It is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume.

2. A white crystalline substance, C14H12O2, obtained from benzoic aldehyde and some other sources.

3. (Bot.) The spicebush ( Lindera benzoin).

   Flowers of benzoin, benzoic acid. See under Benzoic.

masc. proper name, in Old Testament, Jacob's youngest son (Gen. xxxv:18), from Hebrew Binyamin, literally "son of the south," though interpreted in Genesis as "son of the right hand," from ben "son of" + yamin "right hand," also "south" (in an East-oriented culture). Compare Arabic cognate yaman "right hand, right side, south;" yamana "he was happy," literally "he turned to the right." The right was regarded as auspicious (see left and dexterity). Also see Yemen, southpaw, and compare deasil "rightwise, turned toward the right," from Gaelic deiseil "toward the south; toward the right," from deas "right, right-hand; south." Also compare Sanskrit dakshina "right; south." Slang meaning "money" (by 1999) is from portrait of Benjamin Franklin on U.S. $100 bill.

Etymology 1 n. 1 A balsamic resin from the bark of ''Styrax'' trees used in perfumes, incense, and medicine; benzoin resin. 2 A type of tree which produces benzoin or has similar properties; specifically, (taxlink Styrax benzoin species noshow=1), ''Lindera benzoin'', or (taxlink Ficus benjamina species noshow=1); a (vern Benjamin bush pedia=1). 3 (context UK informal dated English) A kind of upper coat for men. Etymology 2

n. (context US slang English) (alternative form of Benjamin nodot=1 English): a http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20one%20hundred-dollar%20bill.

1. n. gum resin used especially in treating skin irritation [syn: benzoin, gum benzoin, gum benjamin, asa dulcis]

2. (Old Testament) the youngest and best-loved son of Jacob and Rachel and one of the twelve forebears of the tribes of Israel

Benjamin was the last-born of Jacob's thirteen children (12 sons 1 daughter), and the second and last son of Rachel in Jewish, Christian and Islamic tradition. He was the progenitor of the Israelite Tribe of Benjamin. In the Hebrew Bible unlike Rachel's first son, Joseph, Benjamin was born in Canaan. In the Samaritan Pentateuch, Benjamin's name appears as "Binyaamem" . In the Qur'an, Benjamin is referred to as righteous young child, who remained with Jacob when the older brothers plotted against Joseph. Later rabbinic traditions name him as one of four ancient Israelites who died without sin, the other three being Chileab, Jesse and Amram.

Benjamin is a donkey in George Orwell's novel Animal Farm. He is also the oldest of all the animals (he is alive in the last scene of the novel). He is less straightforward than most characters in the novel, and a number of interpretations have been put forward to which social class he represents as regards to the Russian Revolution and the Soviet Union. (Animal Farm is an allegory for the evolution of Communism in Russia, with each animal representing a different social class, e.g. Boxer represents the working class)

Metropolitan Benjamin or Veniamin (, born Iván Afanásevich Fédchenkov, Иван Афанасьевич Федченков; 14 September 1880 – 4 October 1961) was a Bishop of the Russian Church, Orthodox missionary and writer.

Benjamin (original title: Benjamin ou les Mémoires d'un puceau; U.S title: The Diary of an Innocent Boy) is a 1968 French comedy film directed by Michel Deville who co-wrote the screenplay with Nina Companéez.

"Benjamin was a role that I really liked," said Deneuve later. "It was a comedy, but in the spirit and tone particular."

Benjamin Pereira da Silva better known as Benjamin is a Brazilian beach soccer player. He plays in forward position.

Benjamin was a French manufacturer of cyclecars between 1921 and 1927 and based on the north-west edge of Paris. 1927 was a year of changes which included a name change, and between 1927 and 1929 the company operated under a new name,Benova.

The firm was established by Maurice Jeanson in Asnières at 139 Boulevard Voltaire.

A Khazar ruler (probably the bek), mentioned in the Schechter Text and the Khazar Correspondence, Benjamin was the son of the Khazar ruler Menahem and probably reigned in the late ninth and early tenth centuries CE.

The only extant account of Benjamin's reign comes from the Schechter Text, whose anonymous author reported a war between Benjamin's Khazars and a coalition of five nations: 'SY, TWRQY, 'BM, and PYYNYL, who were instigated and aided by MQDWN. "MQDWN", or Macedon, is used in medieval Jewish documents to refer to the Byzantine Empire, particularly under its Macedonian dynasty (867-1025). "TWRQY" can be identified with the Oghuz on Khazaria's eastern flank. The other three entities are less easily identifiable. In Khazarian Hebrew Documents of the Tenth Century, Omeljan Pritsak argued that "PYYNYL" was actually "PTzNK" Pecheneg, the misreading ascribed to the degradation of the letter itself. He further identified 'SY with the Asya, who he connects to the Burtas (traditionally allies of the Khazars) and 'BM with the remnants of the Onogurs and Bulgars still living in the Pontic steppes. The Schechter Text identifies the Alans as Benjamin's only allies in this war, stating that many of the Alans had adopted Judaism by that time.

The term "Asya" has been thought by some scholars to describe the Arsiya, suggesting the possibility of a Muslim revolt or attempted coup against Benjamin.

Benjamin's son was Aaron II.

Benjamin is a popular given name for males, derived from Hebrew בנימין translating as "son of my right [hand]", though in the Samaritan Pentateuch, the name appears as ࠁࠍࠉࠌࠉࠌ, "Binyaamem" 'Son of my days'. It is often shortened to Ben, and sometimes to Benny, or Benjy. Benjamin is also a patronymic surname. Like many biblical names, it is popular in the Jewish, Christian and Muslim faiths alike, having many variant forms in other languages.

The "Benjamin of the family" is a phrase used in several languages to refer to the youngest son - especially when he is much younger than his brothers; sometimes the name is chosen for a son born to mature parents unlikely to have more children, especially if he has several older siblings. Both of these usages derive from the biblical son of Jacob of that name, who occupied that position in his family.

Bishop Benjamin (secular name Vincent Peterson; born June 1, 1954 in Pasadena, California) is the Bishop of the Orthodox Church in America's Diocese of the West.

As Bishop of the West, his territory covers eight states in the United States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.

On July 19, 1997 Peterson was ordained to the priesthood, and served in the Diocese of Alaska and the Diocese of the West.

He was consecrated as Bishop on April 30, 2004, and served as Auxiliary to Bishop Tikhon of San Francisco. On October 2, 2007 he was installed as Bishop of the Diocese of the West to replace Bishop Tikhon.