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The Collaborative International Dictionary
Basal

Basal \Ba"sal\, a. Relating to, or forming, the base.

Basal cleavage. See under Cleavage.

Basal plane (Crystallog.), a plane parallel to the lateral or horizontal axis.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
basal

"relating to a base," 1828, from base (n.) + -al (1).

Wiktionary
basal

a. 1 basic, elementary; relating to, or forming, the base, or point of origin 2 (context anatomy English) associated with the base of an organism or structure 3 (context medicine English) a minimal level that is necessary, such as a minimum dose of a drug 4 (context chiefly systematics English) In a phylogenetic tree, being a group, or member of a group, which diverged earlier. The earliest clade to branch in a larger clade. n. 1 base, bottom, minimum 2 (context anatomy English) Any basal structure or part

WordNet
basal
  1. adj. especially of leaves; located at the base of a plant or stem; especially arising directly from the root or rootstock or a root-like stem; "basal placentation"; "radical leaves" [syn: radical] [ant: cauline]

  2. serving as or forming a base; "the painter applied a base coat followed by two finishing coats" [syn: base]

  3. of primary importance; "basic truths" [syn: basic, primary]

Wikipedia
Basal

Basal or basilar is a term meaning base, bottom, or minimum.

Basal (medicine)

Basal when used in a medical sense refers to a minimal level that is necessary for health or life. As used by diabetics and health care professionals, it describes a low, continuous dosage of insulin (either as a basal rate from an insulin pump or a slow-acting insulin injection) intended to "cover" the glucose output of the liver.

This works together with a bolus of insulin, which is a dosage of insulin intended to "cover" a meal or to make a large glucose level correction.

Basal (phylogenetics)

In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. Clade C may be described as basal within a larger clade D if its root is directly linked (adjacent) to the root of D. If C is the only clade of a given taxonomic rank that is basal within D, C may be described as the basal taxon of that rank within D. While there must always be two or more equally basal clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in rank or species diversity. Greater diversification may be associated with more evolutionary innovation, but ancestral characters should not be imputed to the members of a less species-rich basal clade without additional evidence, as there can be no assurance such an assumption is valid.

In general, clade A is more basal than clade B if B is a subgroup of the sister group of A. Within large groups, "basal" may be used more loosely to mean 'closer to the root than the great majority of', and in this context terminology such as "very basal" may arise.

Usage examples of "basal".

Phalaris, manner of bending--Results of the exclusion of light from their tips--Effects transmitted beneath the surface of the ground--Lateral illumination of the tip determines the direction of the curvature of the base--Cotyledons of Avena, curvature of basal part due to the illumination of upper part--Similar results with the hypocotyls of Brassica and Beta--Radicles of Sinapis apheliotropic, due to the sensitiveness of their tips--Concluding remarks and summary of chapter--Means by which circumnutation has been converted into heliotropism or apheliotropism.

At first the etiologists thought the abscesses were a new form of basal cell cancer, and bone marrow tests were not made.

The spherical glands were still white, but their utricles were broken up into three or four small hyaline spheres, with an irregularly contracted mass in the middle of the basal part.

They differ also from the six sensitive filaments of Dionaea in being colourless, and in having a medial as well as a basal articulation.

Not that they were content with this: they had also seeded the dome with a defensive array of dovin basals.

Named after Phil Hoffmann because it was one of his students who identified it as a basal spinosaur, maybe even the node taxon for the clade.

A glass filament with a bead at its end was affixed to the basal half or leg, just above the hypogean cotyledons, which were again almost surrounded by loose earth.

A filament with a bead at the end was affixed to the basal leg, the movements of which were observed during two days in the usual manner.

The soil was removed from around one of these arched secondary shoots, and a glass filament was affixed to the basal leg.

In Aldrovanda it appears to be the basal parts alone which contract and carry with them the broad, thin margins of the lobes.

As the tips of the cotyledons of Phalaris and Avena bend upwards through the action of apogeotropism before the basal part, and as these same tips when excited by a lateral light transmit some influence to the lower part, causing it to bend, we thought that the same rule might hold good with apogeotropism.

Basal and squamous cell are very curable cancers that are usually treated by removal of the cancerous growth.

The filament was fixed transversely to the basal and almost upright half of the shoot, close beneath the lowest scalelike appendage.

The centrioles and basal bodies are believed in some quarters to be semiautonomous organisms with their own separate genomes.

The soil was removed from around one of these arched secondary shoots, and a glass filament was affixed to the basal leg.