What is "tensiometer"

alt. 1 An instrument used to measure the moisture content of soil. 2 An instrument used to measure the tension in a wire or yarn, or its tensile strength. 3 An instrument used to measure the surface tension of a liquid. n. 1 An instrument used to measure the moisture content of soil. 2 An instrument used to measure the tension in a wire or yarn, or its tensile strength. 3 An instrument used to measure the surface tension of a liquid.

1. n. a measuring instrument for measuring the moisture content of soil

2. a measuring instrument for measuring the tension in a wire or fiber or beam

3. a measuring instrument for measuring the surface tension of a liquid

A Tensiometer as it applies to physics is an instrument used to measure the surface tension ($\scriptstyle\gamma$) of liquids or surfaces. Tensiometers are used in research and development laboratories to determine the surface tension of liquids like coatings, lacquers or adhesives. A further application field of tensiometers is the monitoring of industrial production processes like parts cleaning or electroplating.

Tensiometer may refer to one of a number of devices. The two most common are:

• Tensiometer (surface tension) an instrument used to measure the surface tension of liquids
• Tensiometer (soil science) an instrument to determine matric water potential

A tensiometer in soil science is a measuring instrument used to determine the matric water potential ( soil moisture tension) in the vadose zone. This device typically consists of a glass or plastic tube with a porous ceramic cup, and is filled with water. The top of the tube has either a built-in vacuum gauge or a rubber cap used with a portable puncture tensiometer instrument, which uses a hypodermic needle to measure the pressure inside the tensiometer. The tensiometer is buried in the soil, and a hand pump is used to pull a partial vacuum. As water is pulled out of the soil by plants and evaporation, the vacuum inside the tube increases. As water is added to the soil, the vacuum inside the tube pulls moisture from the soil and decreases. The actual gauge reading will vary according to the type of soil, the moisture content, and due to hysteresis, according to the saturation history of the soil.

Such tensiometers are used in irrigation scheduling to help farmers and other irrigation managers to determine when to water. In conjunction with a water retention curve, tensiometers can be used to determine how much to water. With practice, a tensiometer can be a useful tool for these purposes. Soil tensiometers can also be used in the scientific study of soils and plants.