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semasiography

n. Any system of writing that uses graphemes which denote meaningful elements of speech

Wikipedia
Semasiography

Semasiography (from (semasia) "signification, meaning" and latin (graphia) "writing") is "writing with signs", a non-phonetic based technique to "communicate information without the necessary intercession of forms of speech." It predated the advent of the creation of the language-based writing system and is used contemporarily in computer icons, musical notation, and mathematical notation. It is studied in semasiology within the field of linguistics.