What is "rituximab"

n. A chimeric monoclonal antibody against the protein CD20, used in the treatment of lymphomas, leukemias, and some autoimmune disorders.

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody against the protein CD20, which is primarily found on the surface of immune system B cells. Rituximab destroys B cells and is therefore used to treat diseases which are characterized by overactive, dysfunctional, or excessive numbers of B cells. This includes many lymphomas, leukemias, transplant rejection, and autoimmune disorders. Rituximab is a chimeric molecule.

The drug is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. It has a wholesale price of USD$159–$2,480 per vial as of 2014.