What is "raphe"

Rhaphe \Rha"phe\, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ??? seam, fr. ??? to sew. ] (Bot.) The continuation of the seed stalk along the side of an anatropous ovule or seed, forming a ridge or seam. [Written also raphe.]
--Gray.

"seam, suture" (medical), 1753, medical Latin, from Greek rhaphe "seam, suture (of a skull)," from rhaptein "to sew together, stitch" (see wrap).

n. (context anatomy botany English) A ridge or seam on an organ, bodily tissue, or other structure, especially at the join between two halves or sections.

1. n. a ridge that forms a seam between two parts [syn: rhaphe]

2. [also: raphae (pl)]

Raphe (; from Greek ῥαφή, "seam") has several different meanings in science.

In botany and planktology it is commonly used when describing a seam or ridge on diatoms or seeds.

In animal anatomy it is used to describe a ridged union of continuous biological tissue. There are several different significant anatomical raphes:

• The raphe nucleus is a moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem which releases serotonin to the rest of the brain. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are believed to act at these nuclei.
• The buccal raphe which is on the cheek and evidence of the fusion of the maxillary and mandibular processes.
• The lingual raphe on the tongue. Obvious physical evidence of the lingual raphe includes the frenulum (also called the frenum), or band of mucous membrane that is visible under the tongue attaching it to the floor of the mouth. If this raphe is too tight at birth, movement of the tongue is restricted and the child is said to be "tongue tied".
• The palatine raphe on the roof of the mouth (or palate). Incomplete fusion of the palatine raphe results in a congenital defect known as cleft palate.
• The pharyngeal raphe joins the left and right pharyngeal constrictors.
• The perineal raphe extends from the anus, through the mid-line of the scrotum (scrotal raphe) and upwards through the ventral mid-line aspect of the penis (penile raphe).
• The anococcygeal raphe, an alternative name for the anococcygeal body.
• The iliococcygeal raphe
• The pterygomandibular raphe
• The lateral palpebral raphe

Raphé can refer to:

• Rafe, a diacritic ֿ a short horizontal overbar placed above certain letters to indicate that they are to be pronounced as fricatives
• Raphe, scientific term