What is "peucedanum palustre"

Milk \Milk\ (m[i^]lk), n. [AS. meoluc, meoloc, meolc, milc; akin to OFries. meloc, D. melk, G. milch, OHG. miluh, Icel. mj[=o]lk, Sw. mj["o]lk, Dan. melk, Goth. miluks, G. melken to milk, OHG. melchan, Lith. milszti, L. mulgere, Gr. 'ame`lgein. [root]107. Cf. Milch, Emulsion, Milt soft roe of fishes.]

1. (Physiol.) A white fluid secreted by the mammary glands of female mammals for the nourishment of their young, consisting of minute globules of fat suspended in a solution of casein, albumin, milk sugar, and inorganic salts. ``White as morne milk.''
   --Chaucer.

2. (Bot.) A kind of juice or sap, usually white in color, found in certain plants; latex. See Latex.

3. An emulsion made by bruising seeds; as, the milk of almonds, produced by pounding almonds with sugar and water.

4. (Zo["o]l.) The ripe, undischarged spat of an oyster. Condensed milk. See under Condense, v. t. Milk crust (Med.), vesicular eczema occurring on the face and scalp of nursing infants. See Eczema. Milk fever.

   1. (Med.) A fever which accompanies or precedes the first lactation. It is usually transitory.

   2. (Vet. Surg.) A form puerperal peritonitis in cattle; also, a variety of meningitis occurring in cows after calving.

      Milk glass, glass having a milky appearance.

      Milk knot (Med.), a hard lump forming in the breast of a nursing woman, due to obstruction to the flow of milk and congestion of the mammary glands.

      Milk leg (Med.), a swollen condition of the leg, usually in puerperal women, caused by an inflammation of veins, and characterized by a white appearance occasioned by an accumulation of serum and sometimes of pus in the cellular tissue.

      Milk meats, food made from milk, as butter and cheese. [Obs.]
      --Bailey.

      Milk mirror. Same as Escutcheon, 2.

      Milk molar (Anat.), one of the deciduous molar teeth which are shed and replaced by the premolars.

      Milk of lime (Chem.), a watery emulsion of calcium hydrate, produced by macerating quicklime in water.

      Milk parsley (Bot.), an umbelliferous plant ( Peucedanum palustre) of Europe and Asia, having a milky juice.

      Milk pea (Bot.), a genus ( Galactia) of leguminous and, usually, twining plants.

      Milk sickness (Med.), See milk sickness in the vocabulary.

      Milk snake (Zo["o]l.), a harmless American snake ( Ophibolus triangulus, or Ophibolus eximius). It is variously marked with white, gray, and red. Called also milk adder, chicken snake, house snake, etc.

      Milk sugar. (Physiol. Chem.) See Lactose, and Sugar of milk (below).

      Milk thistle (Bot.), an esculent European thistle ( Silybum marianum), having the veins of its leaves of a milky whiteness.

      Milk thrush. (Med.) See Thrush.

      Milk tooth (Anat.), one of the temporary first set of teeth in young mammals; in man there are twenty.

      Milk tree (Bot.), a tree yielding a milky juice, as the cow tree of South America ( Brosimum Galactodendron), and the Euphorbia balsamifera of the Canaries, the milk of both of which is wholesome food.

      Milk vessel (Bot.), a special cell in the inner bark of a plant, or a series of cells, in which the milky juice is contained. See Latex.

      Rock milk. See Agaric mineral, under Agaric.

      Sugar of milk. The sugar characteristic of milk; a hard white crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained by evaporation of the whey of milk. It is used in pellets and powder as a vehicle for homeopathic medicines, and as an article of diet. See Lactose.

Peucedanum palustre (milk-parsley) is an almost glabrous biennial plant in the family Apiaceae. It is so called in English because of the thin, foetid, milky latex found in its young parts and is native to most of Europe, extending eastwards to Central Asia. Another English common name for the plant is marsh hog's fennel (hog's fennel (unqualified) and sea hog's fennel, by contrast, are common names of Peucedanum officinale, a perennial species in the same genus, found in drier habitats, but having similar medicinal properties).

Peucedanum palustre grows (as its specific name implies) in wetlands, shallow water at the margins of rivers and estuaries and occasionally in ditches and other smaller water features. It is relatively shade-tolerant and requires seasonal submerging of the site to compete with other plants. It is well-known to lepidopterists as the main foodplant of the Old World swallowtail.

Cambridge milk parsley is the common English name of a different plant: Selinum carvifolia - also an umbellifer, but belonging to a different genus. The two plants are not only similar in appearance, but also grow in similar habitats, although they may be told apart in the following manner: P. palustre has hollow, often purplish stems, pinnatifid leaf lobes and deflexed bracteoles; while S. carvifolia has solid, greenish stems, entire or sometimes lobed leaf-lobes and erecto-patent bracteoles. Also, when the two plants are in fruit, another difference becomes apparent: the three dorsal ridges on the fruit of S. carvifolia are winged, while those on the fruit of P. palustre are not.

The roots of Peucedanum palustre have been used as a substitute for ginger in Southeastern Europe and likewise in Russia. The English botanist John Lindley (under the heading Peucedanum montanum) also mentions the use of the root as an antiepileptic in the region of Courland in western Latvia (with its low-lying character, marshy coastline and numerous lakes, an area conducive to the growth of the plant).