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The Collaborative International Dictionary
Niter

Niter \Ni"ter\, Nitre \Ni"tre\, n. [F. nitre, L. nitrum native soda, natron, Gr. ?; cf. Ar. nit[=u]n, natr[=u]n natron. Cf. Natron.]

  1. (Chem.) A white crystalline semitransparent salt; potassium nitrate; saltpeter. See Saltpeter.

  2. (Chem.) Native sodium carbonate; natron. [Obs.]

    For though thou wash thee with niter, and take thee much soap, yet thine iniquity is marked before me.
    --Jer. ii. 22.

    Cubic niter, a deliquescent salt, sodium nitrate, found as a native incrustation, like niter, in Peru and Chile, whence it is known also as Chile saltpeter.

    Niter bush (Bot.), a genus ( Nitraria) of thorny shrubs bearing edible berries, and growing in the saline plains of Asia and Northern Africa.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
niter

see nitre.

Wiktionary
niter

n. 1 (context obsolete English) sodium carbonate. 2 (context US chemistry English) A mineral form of potassium nitrate used in making gunpowder.

WordNet
niter

n. (KNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive [syn: potassium nitrate, saltpeter, saltpetre, nitre]

Wikipedia
Niter

Niter, or nitre ("chiefly British variant"), is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO, also known as saltpeter or saltpetre. Historically, the term "niter" was not well differentiated from natron, both of which have been very vaguely defined but generally refer to compounds of sodium or potassium joined with carbonate or nitrate ions. Three related minerals are soda niter ( sodium nitrate), ammonia niter ( ammonium nitrate), and strontium nitrate. Niter was used to refer specifically to nitrated salts known as various types of saltpeter (only nitrated salts were good for making gunpowder) by the time niter and its derivative nitric acid were first used to name the element nitrogen, in 1790.

Because of its ready solubility in water, niter is most often found in arid environments. A major source of sodium nitrate mineral ("Chile saltpeter", that is, nitratine) is the Atacama desert in Chile. Potassium and other nitrates are of great importance for use in fertilizers and, historically, gunpowder. Much of the world's demand is now met by synthetically produced nitrates, though the natural mineral is still mined and is still of significant commercial value.

Usage examples of "niter".

Cyrus Harding still needed, in view of his future preparation, another substance, nitrate of potash, which is better known under the name of salt niter, or of saltpeter.

At the close of 1864 there were two million eight hundred thousand feet of earth collected, and in various stages of nitrification, of which a large proportion was presumed to yield one and a half pound of niter per foot of earth.

As he cleared the niter change, a sign announced the miles to three towns, Dorey, Blairsville, and Graniteville.

How I used to long for the nice bran mash with niter in it that Jerry used to give us on Saturday nights in hot weather, that used to cool us down and make us so comfortable.

Beginning with the mountains of wood and coarse cellulose that were dragged into the City from the tangled forests of the Alleghenies, through the vats of acid that hydrolyzed it to glucose, the carloads of niter and phosphate rock that were the most important additives, down to the jars of organics supplied by the chemical laboratories-it all came to only one thing, yeast and more yeast.

Beginning with the mountains of wood and coarse cellulose that were dragged into the City from the tangled forests of the Alleghenies, through the vats of acid that hydrolyzed it to glucose, the carloads of niter and phosphate rock that were the most important additives, down to the jars of organics supplied by the chemical laboratories--it all came to only one thing, yeast and more yeast.

Cyrus Harding still needed, in view of his future preparation, another substance, nitrate of potash, which is better known under the name of salt niter, or of saltpeter.

Now people, not rugged tiktoks, had to mix niter suspensions and ground phosphate rock in a carefully calculated slurry.

Beginning with the mountains of wood and coarse cellulose that were dragged into the City from the tangled forests of the Alleghenies, through the vats of acid that hydrolyzed it to glucose, the carloads of niter and phosphate rock that were the most important additives, down to the jars of organics supplied by the chemical laboratories—.

He had pastes to turn the hair blond, a mixture of green ilex, rye, white horehound, soda niter, alum, and yarrow.