What is "nanowire"

n. (context physics English) A wire whose width is of the order of nanometers.

A nanowire is a nanostructure, with the diameter of the order of a nanometer (10 meters). It can also be defined as the ratio of the length to width being greater than 1000. Alternatively, nanowires can be defined as structures that have a thickness or diameter constrained to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length. At these scales, quantum mechanical effects are important — which coined the term " quantum wires". Many different types of nanowires exist, including superconducting (e.g., YBCO), metallic (e.g., Ni, Pt, Au), semiconducting (e.g., Si, InP, GaN, etc.), and insulating (e.g., SiO, TiO). Molecular nanowires are composed of repeating molecular units either organic (e.g. DNA) or inorganic (e.g. MoSI).