Wiktionary
n. (context genetics English) The genetic material, inherited by cloning from one's mother, contained within the mitochondria of each of one's cells.
Wikipedia
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in the plastids, like chloroplasts.
In humans, the 16,569 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA encode for only 37 genes. Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. In most species, including humans, mtDNA is inherited solely from the mother.
Since mtDNA evolves relatively slowly compared to other genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary biology. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, and so has become important in anthropology and biogeography.
It should not be confused with messenger RNA.
Mitochondrial DNA is an academic journal that publishes review articles on the current and developing technologies around mitochondrial DNA research and discovery. It is published by Informa Healthcare.
Usage examples of "mitochondrial dna".
So identical twins would have the same mitochondrial DNA, but clones would not.
The Openshaw letter that yielded the mitochondrial DNA results was written on A Pirie &.
A-T-A, which in mitochondrial DNA, as opposed to nuclear DNA, specified methionine.
I mean, there are even some variations in the code here: out of the sixty-four codons, four have different meanings in mitochondrial DNA than they do in nuclear DNA.
Molecular studies (of so-called mitochondrial DNA) were initially also interpreted in terms of an African origin of modern humans, though the meaning of those molecular findings is currently in doubt.
Three years ago, two of my postdocs did a research project on mitochondrial DNA sequences from Neandertal bone tissue.
He had chosen from this point to follow the line of mitochondrial DNA, passed unchanged from mother to daughter-and so this was, of course, his grandmother.