What is "leakage"

Leakage \Leak"age\, n. [Cf. D. lekkage, for sense

1. ] 1. A leaking; also, the quantity that enters or issues by leaking.

2. (Com.) An allowance of a certain rate per cent for the leaking of casks, or waste of liquors by leaking.

3. (Elec.) A leak[3]; also; the quantity of electricity thus wasted.

late 15c., from leak (v.) + -age.

n. 1 an act of leaking, or something that leaks 2 the amount lost due to a leak 3 an undesirable flow of electric current through insulation 4 loss of retail stock, especially due to theft 5 (cx sound recording English) The situation where sound is picked up by a microphone from a source other than that which is intended.

n. the unwanted discharge of a fluid from some container; "they tried to stop the escape of gas from the damaged pipe"; "he had to clean up the leak" [syn: escape, leak, outflow]

Leakage may refer to:

• Leakage (chemistry), a process in which material is lost through holes or defects of their containers
• Memory leak, in computer science
• Leakage (economics)
• Leakage (electronics)
• Leakage (retail)
• Leakage (semiconductors)
• Crosstalk (electronics), also known as Leakage, where signals are picked up by an unintended device

:* Spill (audio), where audio from one source is picked up by a microphone intended for a different source

• Fecal incontinence
• Urinary incontinence
• Leakage effect, the loss of tourist revenue from a country
• Spectral leakage in signal processing

In chemistry, leakage is a process in which material is gradually lost, intentionally or accidentally, through the holes or defects of their containers. The material lost is usually fluid, liquid or powder and sometimes gas, from an imperfectly sealed container. Often, leakage can be disastrous if the leaked material is harmful or corrosive.

A zinc-carbon battery is an example of an easy-leaking system. The electrolytes inside the cell sometimes leak out of the cell casing and cause damage to an electronic appliance.

In economics, ' a leakage' is a diversion of funds from some iterative process. For example, in the Keynesian depiction of the circular flow of income and expenditure, leakages are the non-consumption uses of income, including saving, taxes, and imports. In this model, leakages are equal in quantity to injections of spending from outside the flow at the equilibrium aggregate output. The model is best viewed as a circular flow between national income, output, consumption, and factor payments. Savings, taxes, and imports are "leaked" out of the main flow, reducing the money available in the rest of the economy. Imported goods are one way this may happen, transferring money earned in the country to another one.

The simplest possible model of credit creation assumes all loans borrowed from banks in a fractional-reserve banking system are re-deposited to the system. This allows simple calculation of the amount of credit created. In practice, though, cash leakages occur in the form of sums of money borrowed from banks but not re-deposited, and in the form of funds deposited in banks but not lent out. Cash leakage, in this case, lowers the ability of credit creation.

Leakage is a common problem involving TNCs (Transnational corporations). Large companies have factories or production facilities in less developed countries, these factories create wealth for the company which is then not transferred to the economy of the host country and instead to that of the corporation involved. The economic value of goods and/or profits lost here is leakage.

In electronics, leakage may refer to a gradual loss of energy from a charged capacitor. It is primarily caused by electronic devices attached to the capacitors, such as transistors or diodes, which conduct a small amount of current even when they are turned off. Even though this off current is an order of magnitude less than the current through the device when it is on, the current still slowly discharges the capacitor. Another contributor to leakage from a capacitor is from the undesired imperfection of some dielectric materials used in capacitors, also known as dielectric leakage. It is a result of the dielectric material not being a perfect insulator and having some non-zero conductivity, allowing a leakage current to flow, slowly discharging the capacitor.

Retail leakage occurs when local people are spending mоre fоr goods, than lоcal businesses actually acquire. Retail sales leakage occurs when there is unsatisfied demand within the trading area and that the locality should provide extra stоres spaces fоr such type of businesses. After all, retail leakage dоes nоt necessarily translate intо оppоrtunity. Fоr instance, there cоuld be a tough competition in a nearby locality that leads the market fоr same type of prоduct. Many small - tо medium-sized cоmmunities experience leakage of retail expenditures as local citizens drive to neighboring tоwns tо shоp at natiоnal retail chains (e.g. Tesco, Asda) or eat at natiоnal restaurant chains (e.g. Slug and Lettuce, Harvester). Attracting such natiоnal retail chain stоres and restaurants tо a cоmmunity can prevent this type оf expenditure leakage and create lоcal jobs.

The ecоnоmic definition оf leakage is situatiоn in which an incоme exits an ecоnоmy instead of staying within. In retail, leakage refers tо cоnsumers spending mоney оutside the lоcal market. Fоr instance, crоssing a bоrder tо buy gооds instead оf making the same purchase frоm lоcal shоps. Alternatively a retail leakage can be referred tо as a ‘negative’ Retail Trade Gap оr a Surplus fact оr. Contradictorily a retail surplus means that the locality’s trade area is securing the lоcal market and attracting nоn-lоcal customers.