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Kurdistan ( or ) ( Kurdish: ; "Homeland of the Kurds" or "Land of the Kurds"; also formerly spelled Curdistan; ancient name: Corduene) or Greater Kurdistan, is a roughly defined geo-cultural region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population, and Kurdish culture, language, and national identity have historically been based. Kurdistan roughly encompasses the northwestern Zagros and the eastern Taurus mountain ranges.
Contemporary use of the term refers to four parts of a Greater Kurdistan, which include southeastern Turkey ( Northern Kurdistan), northern Syria ( Rojava or Western Kurdistan), northern Iraq ( Southern Kurdistan), and northwestern Iran ( Eastern Kurdistan). Some Kurdish nationalist organizations seek to create an independent nation state consisting of some or all of these areas with a Kurdish majority, while others campaign for greater autonomy within the existing national boundaries.
Iraqi Kurdistan first gained autonomous status in a 1970 agreement with the Iraqi government, and its status was re-confirmed as an autonomous entity within the federal Iraqi republic in 2005. There is a province by the name Kurdistan in Iran; it is not self-ruled. Kurds fighting in the Syrian Civil War were able to take control of large sections of northern Syria as forces loyal to Bashar al-Assad withdrew to fight elsewhere. Having established their own government, some Kurds called for autonomy in a democratic Syria; others hoped to establish an independent Kurdistan.
Kurdistan may refer to:
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Kurdistan, a geo-cultural region consisting of parts of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria
- Iranian Kurdistan, a geocultural region in Iran
- Iraqi Kurdistan, a geocultural region in Iraq
- Syrian Kurdistan, a geocultural region in Syria
- Turkish Kurdistan, a geocultural region in Turkey
- Kurdistan Autonomous Republic, an autonomous region within Iraq
- Kurdistan province (Iran)
- Kordestan-e Bozorg, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran
- Kordestan-e Kuchek, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran
- Shahrak-e Kordestan, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran
- Kurdistan Uyezd, a former Soviet administrative unit (1923-1929)
- Kurdistan (newspaper), the first Kurdish-language newspaper
- Kingdom of Kurdistan, a short-lived an unrecognized state in Iraqi Kurdistan
- Republic of Ararat, an unrecognized republic in Turkish Kurdistan
- Republic of Kurdistan, a Soviet puppet state in Iranian Kurdistan
Kurdistan was the first Kurdish newspaper. It was first published in April 22, 1898 in Cairo, Egypt by Mikdad Midhad Badirhan, a member of Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti. In 1991 scholar Emin Bozarslan republished and translated into Modern Turkish a collection of its issues.
Usage examples of "kurdistan".
With the help of the vast Chinese-German-Irani alliance, the Kurds had not only driven the Iraqi Arabs from the Kirkuk oil fields and from the Mosul region, but they had also invaded Syrian-held Kurdistan and added that part of the Euphratean Province to their domain.
Right this minute, I should properly be putting down a band of brigands that are rampaging over in Kurdistan.
This is a regime that used chemical warfare on its own Kurdish citizens--not just on the fifteen thousand killed and maimed at Halabja but on scores of other villages all across Kurdistan.
So getting Turkish permission to support Kurdish operations against Iraq, if we could secure it at all, would be likely to come at the price of agreeing to Turkish occupation of Iraqi Kurdistan.
This would send the Kurds into equivalent paroxysms and, if it were possible at all, would doubtless require American ground forces in Kurdistan to reassure the Kurds.
Although the INC operated out of Iraqi Kurdistan until 1996, with ample funding and with ostensible air cover from the United States, it was never able to attract more than a few hundred full-time followers and never garnered significant defections from the Iraqi armed forces--let alone started a popular revolt.
Back in Kurdistan, the KDP pressed its advantage, taking many PUK towns, only to be stopped at as-Sulaymaniyyah by strong defenses and then evicted from its territory altogether in a counteroffensive that October after the PUK had regrouped and rearmed with weapons from Iran.
We could still move the units themselves to those distant locales, but once there, it would be extremely difficult to re-supply them by air from so far away--and with Iraqi air defenses lying along the route to Kurdistan.
Thus, Kurdistan gets slightly more per capita than the rest of the country.
When the Iranians counterattacked in 1982, they opened a front in Kurdistan.
There is enough good raw material among the peshmerga that if the United States were to provide them with weapons, training, funds, and massive air support, at some point they probably would be able to hold Kurdistan against an Iraqi assault.
It would basically turn into the Afghan Approach, with all of the same problems: Saddam would have time to devise counters and strike back, the Iraqi people and the Kurds would be at risk (unless we deployed forces into Kurdistan ahead of time), Saddam could launch ballistic missiles at Israel (unless we deployed forces to western Iraq ahead of time) and our other allies, it would create political problems for the moderate Arab states, and so on.
Jabal Talabari was the head of the Patriotic Kurdistan Front, and then, after their declaration of independence, he served as the General in charge of the Republic of Kurdistan armed forces.
For example, a UNICEF field survey in July 1999 found that while the child mortality rate had been allowed to double in the areas of the country under the regime's control, in Kurdistan, where the oil-for-food program was run by the United Nations, child mortality had actually been reduced below pre-Gulf War levels.
We're not talking about the Teutoburger Wald or the March of the Ten Thousand through the mountains of Kurdistan here.