What is "ishim"

Ishim may refer to:

• Ishim, Afghanistan, a place in Afghanistan
• Ishim, Russia, name of several inhabited localities in Russia
• Ishim River, a river in Kazakhstan and Russia
• Ishim (angel), a rank of angels in the Jewish angelic hierarchy

In Judaism, the Ishim ( Heb. אִישִׁים - "men", "personages", "personalities") or Eshim (אֵשִׁים - "fires", "flames") are a class of angels said to be the closest to humanity's affairs. They are composed of fire and snow, and are described as "the beautiful souls of just men" who reside in Makon, the 5th Heaven.

Since the dawn of Creation, the Ishim primarily exist to extol and praise the glory of the Lord, a function that is much similar to that of the Song-Uttering Choirs. In the Zohar, the Ishim are usually ranked as 10th in the Jewish angelic hierarchy, although Giovanni Mirandola's Kabbalistic interpretations rank them as ninth and the treatise Berit Menuchah ranks them as sixth. The Ishim are also comparable with the Erelim or the Bene Elim/Bene Elohim, both of whom are a part of the order of Thrones or Angels. The leader of the Ishim in the Zohar is said to be either Azazel or Zephaniah, but as they are incarnations of the tenth sephirah Malkuth, the Ishim are often reputed to be governed by Sandalphon (or sometimes Metatron).