What is "integrin"

n. (context biochemistry English) Any of many heterodimeric transmembrane proteins that function as receptors in communication between cells.

Integrins are transmembrane receptors that are the bridges for cell-cell and cell- extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. When triggered, integrins in turn trigger chemical pathways to the interior ( signal transduction), such as the chemical composition and mechanical status of the ECM, which results in a response (activation of transcription) such as regulation of the cell cycle, cell shape, and/or motility; or new receptors being added to the cell membrane. This allows rapid and flexible responses to events at the cell surface, for example to signal platelets to initiate an interaction with coagulation factors.

There are several types of integrins, and a cell may have several types on its surface. Integrins are found in all metazoa.

Integrins work alongside other receptors such as cadherins, the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecules, selectins and syndecans to mediate cell–cell and cell–matrix interaction. Ligands for integrins include fibronectin, vitronectin, collagen, and laminin.