What is "inclined plane"

Inclined \In*clined"\, p. p. & a.

1. Having a leaning or tendency towards, or away from, a thing; disposed or moved by wish, desire, or judgment; as, a man inclined to virtue. ``Each pensively inclined.''
   --Cowper.

2. (Math.) Making an angle with some line or plane; -- said of a line or plane.

3. (Bot.) Bent out of a perpendicular position, or into a curve with the convex side uppermost. Inclined plane. (Mech.)

   1. A plane that makes an oblique angle with the plane of the horizon; a sloping plane. When used to produce pressure, or as a means of moving bodies, it is one of the mechanical powers, so called.

   2. (Railroad & Canal) An inclined portion of track, on which trains or boats are raised or lowered from one level to another.

n. One of the simple machines; a sloping surface such as a ramp such that an object can be raised with less effort than being lifted vertically.

n. a simple machine for elevating objects; consists of plane surface that makes an acute angle with the horizontal

An inclined plane, also known as a ramp, is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle, with one end higher than the other, used as an aid for raising or lowering a load. The inclined plane is one of the six classical simple machines defined by Renaissance scientists. Inclined planes are widely used to move heavy loads over vertical obstacles; examples vary from a ramp used to load goods into a truck, to a person walking up a pedestrian ramp, to an automobile or railroad train climbing a grade.

Moving an object up an inclined plane requires less force than lifting it straight up, at a cost of an increase in the distance moved. The mechanical advantage of an inclined plane, the factor by which the force is reduced, is equal to the ratio of the length of the sloped surface to the height it spans. Due to conservation of energy, the same amount of mechanical energy ( work) is required to lift a given object by a given vertical distance, disregarding losses from friction, but the inclined plane allows the same work to be done with a smaller force exerted over a greater distance.

The angle of friction, also sometimes called the angle of repose, is the maximum angle at which a load can rest motionless on an inclined plane due to friction, without sliding down. This angle is equal to the arctangent of the coefficient of static friction μ between the surfaces.

Two other simple machines are often considered to be derived from the inclined plane. The wedge can be considered a moving inclined plane or two inclined planes connected at the base. The screw consists of a narrow inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.

The term may also refer to a specific implementation; a straight ramp cut into a steep hillside for transporting goods up and down the hill. It may include cars on rails or pulled up by a cable system; a funicular or cable railway, such as the Johnstown Inclined Plane.

An Inclined plane is a physical structure which uses a difference in height to gain a mechanical advantage.

It can also refer to:

• A Canal inclined plane, where the mechanism is applied to a canal interchange
• An Inclined plane railroad, also called a Funicular or Cable railway
• Inclined plane as applied to a Fixed-wing aircraft
• Schiefe Ebene, ( Ger: “Inclined plane”) a particular stretch of railway in Germany with a severe gradient