What is "friction"

Friction \Fric"tion\, n. [L. frictio, fr. fricare, frictum,to rub: cf. F. friction. See Fray to rub, arid cf. Dentifrice.]

1. The act of rubbing the surface of one body against that of another; attrition; in hygiene, the act of rubbing the body with the hand, with flannel, or with a brush etc., to excite the skin to healthy action.

2. (Mech.) The resistance which a body meets with from the surface on which it moves. It may be resistance to sliding motion, or to rolling motion.

3. A clashing between two persons or parties in opinions or work; a disagreement tending to prevent or retard progress. Angle of friction (Mech.), the angle which a plane onwhich a body is lying makes with a horizontal plane,when the hody is just ready to slide dewn the plane. Note: This angle varies for different bodies, and for planes of different materials. Anti-friction wheels (Mach.), wheels turning freely on small pivots, and sustaining, at the angle formed by their circumferences, the pivot or journal of a revolving shaft, to relieve it of friction; -- called also friction wheels. Friction balls, or Friction rollers, balls or rollers placed so as to receive the pressure or weight of bodies in motion, and relieve friction, as in the hub of a bicycle wheel. Friction brake (Mach.), a form of dynamometer for measuring the power a motor exerts. A clamp around the revolving shaft or fly wheel of the motor resists the motion by its friction, the work thus absorbed being ascertained by observing the force required to keep the clamp from revolving with the shaft; a Prony brake. Friction chocks, brakes attached to the common standing garrison carriages of guns, so as to raise the trucks or wheels off the platform when the gun begins to recoil, and prevent its running back. --Earrow. Friction clutch, Friction coupling, an engaging and disengaging gear for revolving shafts, pulleys, etc., acting by friction; esp.:

   1. A device in which a piece on one shaft or pulley is so forcibly pressed against a piece on another shaft that the two will revolve together; as, in the illustration, the cone a on one shaft, when thrust forcibly into the corresponding hollow cone b on the other shaft, compels the shafts to rotate together, by the hold the friction of the conical surfaces gives.

   2. A toothed clutch, one member of which, instead of being made fast on its shaft, is held by friction and can turn, by slipping, under excessive strain or in starting.

      Friction drop hammer, one in which the hammer is raised for striking by the friction of revolving rollers which nip the hammer rod.

      Friction gear. See Frictional gearing, under Frictional.

      Friction machine, an electrical machine, generating electricity by friction.

      Friction meter, an instrument for measuring friction, as in testing lubricants.

      Friction powder, Friction composition, a composition of chlorate of potassium, antimony, sulphide, etc, which readily ignites by friction.

      Friction primer, Friction tube, a tube used for firing cannon by means of the friction of a roughened wire in the friction powder or composition with which the tube is filled.

      Friction wheel (Mach.), one of the wheels in frictional gearing. See under Frictional.

1560s, "a chafing, rubbing," from Middle French friction (16c.) and directly from Latin frictionem (nominative frictio) "a rubbing, rubbing down," noun of action from past participle stem of fricare "to rub, rub down," which is of uncertain origin. Watkins suggests possibly from PIE root *bhreie- "to rub, break." Sense of "resistance to motion" is from 1722; figurative sense of "disagreement, clash, lack of harmony, mutual irritation" first recorded 1761. Related: Frictional.

n. The rubbing of one object or surface against another.

1. n. a state of conflict between persons [syn: clash]

2. the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another [syn: rubbing]

3. effort expended in rubbing one object against another [syn: detrition, rubbing]

Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other. There are several types of friction:

• Dry friction resists relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces in contact. Dry friction is subdivided into static friction (" stiction") between non-moving surfaces, and kinetic friction between moving surfaces.
• Fluid friction describes the friction between layers of a viscous fluid that are moving relative to each other.

• Lubricated friction is a case of fluid friction where a lubricant fluid separates two solid surfaces.

• Skin friction is a component of drag, the force resisting the motion of a fluid across the surface of a body.
• Internal friction is the force resisting motion between the elements making up a solid material while it undergoes deformation.

When surfaces in contact move relative to each other, the friction between the two surfaces converts kinetic energy into thermal energy (that is, it converts work to heat). This property can have dramatic consequences, as illustrated by the use of friction created by rubbing pieces of wood together to start a fire. Kinetic energy is converted to thermal energy whenever motion with friction occurs, for example when a viscous fluid is stirred. Another important consequence of many types of friction can be wear, which may lead to performance degradation and/or damage to components. Friction is a component of the science of tribology.

Friction is not itself a fundamental force. Dry friction arises from a combination of inter-surface adhesion, surface roughness, surface deformation, and surface contamination. The complexity of these interactions makes the calculation of friction from first principles impractical and necessitates the use of empirical methods for analysis and the development of theory.

is a Japanese rock band, formed in 1978. They originally began in 1971 under the name Circle Triangle Square, and are considered to be one of the pioneers of Japan's alternative rock scene. In September 2007, Rolling Stone Japan rated their debut album Atsureki at #21 on its list of the "100 Greatest Japanese Rock Albums of All Time".

Friction, the third and final album (until 2013) by Coney Hatch, was released in 1985. Drummer Dave Ketchum left prior to this release, to be replaced by Barry Connors, formerly of Toronto.

Friction may refer to:

• Friction, the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion of two surfaces in contact
• Charlotte Beck, fictional paranormal in the Marvel Comics publication DP 7 who occasionally uses the codename Friction

• "Friction," a song by Television from their 1977 album Marquee Moon
• "Friction," a song by Morcheeba from their 1998 album Big Calm
• "Friction," a song by Imagine Dragons from their 2015 album Smoke + Mirrors
• Friction (Coney Hatch album), 1983 album by Coney Hatch
• Friction (Stavesacre album), 1996 album by Stavesacre
• Friction (Phideaux Xavier album), 1993 album by Phideaux Xavier
• Friction (band), Japanese rock band formed in 1978
• DJ Friction, a drum and bass artist from the UK

People

• Bobby Friction, host of the "Friction" show on the BBC Asian Network

Military

• Friction, a concept introduced by Carl von Clausewitz to name how the simple things become difficult in war because of many misfortunes and mistakes. It's the disparity between the optimal performance of units, organisms or systems versus their degraded performance in combat (Book I, Chapter VII)

Finance

• A market with friction is a financial market with transaction costs.

Friction is the debut album by psychedelic progressive gothic rock composer Phideaux Xavier. It was released in 1993. It is not, however, considered as an official album by them

Ed Keeley, better known by his stage name Friction, is a drum and bass producer and DJ from Brighton, England. He runs his own record label, Shogun Audio, and has a regular overnight show on BBC Radio 1Xtra.