Crossword clues for glycoside
Wiktionary
n. (context organic chemistry biochemistry English) A molecule in which a sugar group (the glycone) is bound to a non-sugar group (the corresponding aglycone) by a nitrogen or oxygen atom. Glycosides yield a sugar after undergoing hydrolysis.
WordNet
n. a group of compounds derived from monosaccharides
Wikipedia
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Many plants store chemicals in the form of inactive glycosides. These can be activated by enzyme hydrolysis, which causes the sugar part to be broken off, making the chemical available for use. Many such plant glycosides are used as medications. In animals and humans, poisons are often bound to sugar molecules as part of their elimination from the body.
In formal terms, a glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides can be linked by an O- (an O-glycoside), N- (a glycosylamine), S-(a thioglycoside), or C- (a C-glycoside) glycosidic bond. According to the IUPAC, the name "C-glycoside" is a misnomer; the preferred term is "C-glycosyl compound". The given definition is the one used by IUPAC, which recommends the Haworth projection to correctly assign stereochemical configurations. Many authors require in addition that the sugar be bonded to a non-sugar for the molecule to qualify as a glycoside, thus excluding polysaccharides. The sugar group is then known as the glycone and the non-sugar group as the aglycone or genin part of the glycoside. The glycone can consist of a single sugar group ( monosaccharide) or several sugar groups ( oligosaccharide).
The first glycoside ever identified was amygdalin, by the French chemists Pierre Robiquet and Antoine Boutron-Charlard, in 1830.
Usage examples of "glycoside".
The cardiac glycosides are helpful and even life-saving in the proper doses, but in improper doses can, of course, kill.
Steroids similar to those in the cardiac glycosides are found in the secretions of the salivary glands of toads, and these are called toad poisons.
I pick up the kettle and carefully pour boiling water into the funnel, where it will damp down the coffee grounds, extract the xanthine alkaloids and dissolve the half tab of Ex-Lax hidden in the powder, draining the sennoside glycosides and the highly diuretic caffeine into the mug of steaming coffee that, with any luck, will give Fiore a strong urge to take ten minutes on the can about half an hour after he drinks it.
It contains four glycosides, the most powerful of which is digitoxin, a stimulant that increases cardiac activity, causing the heart and arteries to contract and raising the blood pressure.
And a group of militant anti-GM campaigners are being pursued by Interpol, after their announcement that they have spliced a metabolic pathway for cyanogenic glycosides into maize seed corn destined for human-edible crops.
It contains four glycosides, the most powerful of which is digitoxin, a stimulant that increases cardiac activity, causing the heart and arteries to contract and raising the blood pressure.
So I’m going to put you in the bathtub and give you a cardiac glycoside that is derived from Acokanthera apocynaceae.
Anne knew meadwort contained salicylic acid, but Drud needed a cardiac glycoside, not an aspirin.
This five-ring steroid combines with certain sugarlike molecules to form glycosides (gly'koh-sidez.
Such compounds are used in the treatment of specific heart disorders and are therefore called the cardiac glycosides (kahr'dee-ak.
The cardiac glycosides are helpful and even life-saving in the proper doses, but in improper doses can, of course, kill.
Steroids similar to those in the cardiac glycosides are found in the secretions of the salivary glands of toads, and these are called toad poisons.
And a group of militant anti-GM campaigners are being pursued by Interpol, after their announcement that they have spliced a metabolic pathway for cyanogenic glycosides into maize seed corn destined for human-edible crops.
Fruits of the rose family -- including cherries, apples, plums, almonds, peaches, apricots, and crabapples -- contain in their seeds substances known as cyanogenetic glycosides, which on ingestion release hydrogen cyanide gas through an enzymatic reaction.