Wikipedia
Flammarion is a lunar crater on the south edge of Sinus Medii. It is located between the crater Mösting to the northwest and Herschel to the southeast. The bowl-shaped Mösting A intersects the western rim of Flammarion.
The worn outer wall of Flammarion is broken in the northwest, and the remainder is eroded and damaged. The most intact section of the wall lies to the southeast. A rille designated Rima Flammarion lies across the gap in the northwest rim, extending about 80 kilometers to the west-southwest. The crater floor has been flooded by lava, and is relatively smooth with only a few scattered craterlets to mark the surface.
Flammarion may refer to:
- Camille Flammarion (1842–1925), French astronomer and author
- Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion (1877–1962), French astronomer, wife of Camille Flammarion
- Flammarion engraving by unknown artist; appeared in a book by Camille Flammarion
- Flammarion (lunar crater), a lunar crater named after Camille Flammarion
- Flammarion (Martian crater), a Martian crater named after Camille Flammarion
- Groupe Flammarion, a French publishing company
Flammarion is an impact crater in the Syrtis Major quadrangle on Mars at 22.4 ° N and 173.0 ° W. and is 173.0 km in diameter. Its name was approved in 1973, and it was named after Camille Flammarion. There may have been a lake in the crater in the past because a channel is visible on the rim in the picture below and layers are visible in one of the pictures.
Many places on Mars show rocks arranged in layers. Rock can form layers in a variety of ways. Volcanoes, wind, or water can produce layers. Sometimes the layers are of different colors. Light-toned rocks on Mars have been associated with hydrated minerals like sulfates. The Mars Rover Opportunity examined such layers close-up with several instruments. Some layers are probably made up of fine particles because they seem to break up into find dust. Other layers break up into large boulders so they are probably much harder. Basalt, a volcanic rock, is thought to in the layers that form boulders. Basalt has been identified on Mars in many places. Instruments on orbiting spacecraft have detected clay (also called phyllosilicate) in some layers. Recent research with an orbiting near-infrared spectrometer, which reveals the types of minerals present based on the wavelengths of light they absorb, found evidence of layers of both clay and sulfates in many places, especially craters. This is exactly what would appear if a large lake had slowly evaporated. Moreover, since some layers contain gypsum, a sulfate which forms in relatively fresh water, life could have formed in some craters.
Wikiflammarion.jpg|Flammarion Crater, as seen by CPX A small channel is visible on the northern wall (top). ESP 034351 2055flammarion.jpg|Layers in wall of Flammarion Crater, as seen by HiRISE under the HiWish program.