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Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
emery board
noun
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ It grated like an emery board on my nails.
▪ Keep an emery board handy in case of nail snags, so your teeth do not get to them first!
▪ Smooth over the edges with an emery board.
▪ Use an emery board to smooth sharp edges that could cut an adjacent toe.
▪ When filing, use a disposable emery board as opposed to a metal file.
The Collaborative International Dictionary
Emery board

Emery \Em"er*y\, n. [F. ['e]meri, earlier ['e]meril, It. smeriglio, fr. Gr. ?, ?, ?, cf. ? to wipe; perh. akin to E. smear. Cf. Emeril.] (Min.) Corundum in the form of grains or powder, used in the arts for grinding and polishing hard substances. Native emery is mixed with more or less magnetic iron. See the Note under Corundum.

Emery board, cardboard pulp mixed with emery and molded into convenient.

Emery cloth or Emery paper, cloth or paper on which the powder of emery is spread and glued for scouring and polishing.

Emery wheel, a wheel containing emery, or having a surface of emery. In machine shops, it is sometimes called a buff wheel, and by the manufacturers of cutlery, a glazer. [1913 Webster] ||

Wiktionary
emery board

n. An abrasive material made by gluing grains of emery a rigid material. Often used as a nail file.