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The Collaborative International Dictionary
Derangement

Derangement \De*range"ment\, n. [Cf. F. d['e]rangement.] The act of deranging or putting out of order, or the state of being deranged; disarrangement; disorder; confusion; especially, mental disorder; insanity.

Syn: Disorder; confusion; embarrassment; irregularity; disturbance; insanity; lunacy; madness; delirium; mania. See Insanity.

Douglas Harper's Etymology Dictionary
derangement

1737, "disturbance of regular order," from French dérangement (17c.), from déranger (see derange). Of mental order, from 1800.

Wiktionary
derangement

n. 1 The property of being deranged. 2 An act or instance of deranging. 3 (context mathematics English) A permutation of a set such that no element is in its previous position.

WordNet
derangement
  1. n. a state of mental disturbance and disorientation [syn: mental unsoundness, unbalance]

  2. the act of disturbing the mind or body; "his carelessness could have caused an ecological upset"; "she was unprepared for this sudden overthrow of their normal way of living" [syn: upset, overthrow]

Wikipedia
Derangement

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In combinatorial mathematics, a derangement is a permutation of the elements of a set, such that no element appears in its original position.

The number of derangements of a set of size n, usually written D, d, or !n, is called the "derangement number" or "de Montmort number". (These numbers are generalized to rencontres numbers.) The subfactorial function (not to be confused with the factorial n!) maps n to !n. No standard notation for subfactorials is agreed upon; n¡ is sometimes used instead of !n.

The problem of counting derangements was first considered by Pierre Raymond de Montmort in 1708; he solved it in 1713, as did Nicholas Bernoulli at about the same time.

Usage examples of "derangement".

Back in the auberge, I had imagined many possible derangements of the Pliocene world, fierce beasts, inhospitable terrain, exploitation of newcomers by the earlier arrivals among the time-farers, even a malfunction of the translational field that would cast the poor travelers into oblivion.

Sick Headache, Bilious Headache, Dizziness, Constipation, Indigestion, Bilious Attacks, and all derangements of the stomach and bowels, are promptly relieved and permanently cured by the use of Dr.

As it jumped from bed to bed, killing patients left and right, doctors began to notice signs of mental derangement, psychosis, depersonalization, zombie-like behavior.

For want of proper instruction, many a girl through ignorance HAS caused derangements which have enfeebled her womanhood or terminated her life.

When there is a diminution of vital force, resulting in impaired nutrition and disorders of blood, an alterative is required which will insensibly and gradually restore activity by removing the causes of derangement.

They are generally supposed to originate in some constitutional derangement, impairing the nutrition of the mucous membranes.

And even in the tropics, the progress of the sun, by its power in directing the great annual currents of the atmosphere, only conspires in the summer and autumn months, to bring an atmosphere in the track of the vortices, possessing the full degree of moisture and deficiency of electric tension, to produce the derangement necessary to call forth the hurricane in its greatest activity.

Perhaps our Friend Master Boyle might convince me the Vampyre has a Derangement of the Hydraulico-pneumatical Engine which is his Bodie, or even a Disruption of his Attorns, but I miss the Company of Robt and must forge on myself.

The diseases known as menorrhagia, dysmenorrhoea, leucorrhoea, amenorrhoea, abortions, prolapsus, chronic inflammations and ulcerations of the womb, with a yet greater variety of sympathetic nervous disorders, are some of the distressing forms of these derangements.

As acute suppression of the menses is due to derangement of the circulation of the blood, caused by taking cold, by violent excitement of the propensities or excessively strong emotional experience, the prominent indication is to secure its speedy equalization.

Would she, like Lady Pastern, have decided that her uncle was eccentric to the point of derangement?

So it was, I thought, with my eyes and the small black-and-white beast they claimed to see: a derangement of phosphene patterns, cross-tied with childhood memories and snatches of linguistics courses ten years past.

Medicine knowledge of physical derangements which affect spiritual health and from the quartal of Esthetics appreciation of the beauty of the human spirit.

Rickets is a scrofulous disease, in which there is derangement of the entire system, and it finally manifests itself in disease of the bones.

The lassitude felt in hot weather at its first access, or in early spring, may be well met by an infusion of the leaves, strobiles and stalks as Hop tea, taken by the wineglassful two or three times in the day, whilst sluggish derangements of the liver and spleen may be benefited thereby.