noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a debt burden
▪ He made a serious attempt ease the country's debt burden.
a debt/food/housing etc crisis
▪ The failure of the crop this year will create a food crisis.
a debt/stress etc counsellor (=helping with debt, stress etc problems)
▪ A debt counsellor has been helping the family.
bad debt
collect tax/rent/a debt
▪ The landlady came around once a month to collect the rent.
consumer debt (=money people owe because they buy too much)
▪ the growth in consumer debt
debt collector
debt relief
debt/unemployment etc trap
▪ people caught in the unemployment trap
group/bereavement/debt etc counselling
▪ a debt counselling service
incur expenses/costs/losses/debts etc
▪ If the council loses the appeal, it will incur all the legal costs.
▪ the heavy losses incurred by airlines since September 11th
mounting debts
▪ They faced mounting debts.
national debt
▪ The government taxed fuel highly in order to finance the national debt.
owe sb a debt of gratitude
▪ I owe my former teacher a deep debt of gratitude.
owe sb a debt (of gratitude)
▪ the debt that we owe to our teachers
oxygen debt
repay a loan/debt etc
▪ Your mortgage will be repaid over 25 years.
repayment...debt
▪ the repayment of debt
tax/ticket/debt/refuse collector
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
bad
▪ The banks would have fewer bad debt provisions to declare.
▪ It also has fewer subsidiaries to shunt bad debt into.
▪ The disadvantage of a bad debt warranty and indemnity is that all it does is provide a remedy for the purchaser.
▪ Those loans are the focal point of the bad-debt crisis plaguing the financial system and weighing down the economy.
▪ Most large societies have also made heavy provisions against bad debts.
▪ Foreign sellers have led the charge, frantically dumping stocks of banks burdened with mountains of bad debt, according to analysts.
▪ Unfortunately most of the extra cash grabbed was swallowed up by bad debts.
▪ Firstly, there is no reason why the purchaser should pay for items which eventually materialise into bad debts.
corporate
▪ This is measured by the difference between the yields on twenty-year government and corporate debt. 2.
▪ As for issuing activity Friday: Only $ 220 million of agency debt was priced; no straight corporate debt was offered.
▪ Margins and jobs are still shrinking in many industries and corporate debt has doubled in the last five years.
▪ In the new issue market, more than $ 500 million of agency debt and no new corporate debt was sold.
▪ Prospects are even gloomier in the corporate-debt markets.
▪ They point out that corporate bad debts have soared as the economy has slumped.
▪ But deflation is also squeezing corporate margins and making it harder to tackle the high levels of corporate and national debts.
external
▪ Despite this major problem, banks must endeavour to monitor the external debt position of countries.
▪ A high ratio invariably means future output growth and, hopefully, improved external debt servicing capacity through increased exports.
▪ By 1988 bank borrowing accounted for only 53% of their external financing; debt equalled only 63% of their assets.
▪ The overall external debt was US$6,900 million.
foreign
▪ The first column shows that the poorest regions tend to have the highest ratios of foreign debt to social product.
▪ Hammadi said that the budget would reduce by US$2,495 million foreign debts including new loans expected in 1990.
▪ During the three years he was in charge over £300 million in foreign debts were accumulated.
▪ In 1977, the Republic's foreign debt was about £1 000 million a year.
▪ Foreign-exchange reserves have been maintained at their current low level only by failing to pay back some foreign debt.
▪ The first priority is the servicing of foreign debts and other foreign contracts.
▪ An estimated US$1,500 million of this assistance, however, was expected to be absorbed by foreign debt service payments.
▪ Much of the country's foreign debt was built up during the apartheid-sponsored civil war, which cost 1m lives.
high
▪ And high levels of debt offered one possible solution to problems of how to discipline managers.
▪ Return on equity is extremely high, but this is due mainly to the extremely high debt position of Technosystems.
▪ The combination of tight money and high debt is causing more than token distress.
▪ Look for REITs that have either high debts and high cash distribution.
▪ Lower interest rates in 1992 more than compensated for the effect of higher average debt levels.
▪ The company stands to save at least $ 13 million a year in interest expense by replacing higher-cost debt.
▪ Sales across the country were slower than expected this year as consumers grappled with higher debts and concern about a weaker economy.
▪ Wall Street analysts say waste companies in general have steady cash flows, making it easier to service higher levels of debt.
huge
▪ The Belfast company had huge debts and was on the brink of collapse.
▪ This has resulted in huge profits for the wholesalers and huge debts for the utilities.
▪ The recession has deepened, the huge national debt has increased, the people's lot worsened.
▪ For more than a decade, the farming kibbutz where Avishi Grossman spent his life has struggled under a huge debt.
▪ The company has huge debts relative to its size - the most recent available figures show Sock Shop's gearing was 200 percent.
▪ You could end up being worse off, with huge debts on top of being jobless.
▪ From its exports it can earn foreign currency, and begin to pay off its huge debts.
▪ But the depressed market has caused the company to build up huge debts.
large
▪ But many people in the South East who enjoy large salaries also have large fixed debts and overheads.
▪ He persuaded Eisner that interest rates were ideal for assuming a large amount of debt.
▪ Firms, too, have large debts.
▪ Rising interest rates would increase the costs of refinancing the rest of the large national debt that our government continuously rolls over.
▪ This state of affairs follows the collapse of Mountain with a large level of debt an the receiver snapping at the door.
▪ An especially large debt is owed to the Bunting Institute of Radcliffe College for supporting my research at a critical time.
▪ That is the largest debt collection exercise in history.
▪ Webb was an immodest publicist of his achievements, and amassed wealth but also large debts.
national
▪ They could buy out national debts, hold governments to ransom, close down whole economies if they wanted to.
▪ His proposed tax cuts are warmed-over Reaganomics that could saddle our children with an ever-increasing national debt.
▪ Joseph Harker To whom do we owe the national debt?
▪ On that same day, the Treasury Department will run out of money to pay off the national debt.
▪ Here a perennial topic in traditional public finance - the burden of the national debt - is considered.
▪ Rising interest rates would increase the costs of refinancing the rest of the large national debt that our government continuously rolls over.
▪ They all invest money through National Savings, the Government agency that provides safer investment and services the national debt.
▪ The result was the ballooning national debt.
outstanding
▪ And the outstanding debt which excludes mortgages has seen a three-fold increase to £40 billion.
▪ A borrower had a personal covenant with the lender who could still sue for outstanding debts.
▪ Those in the higher socio-economic groups and consumers over 45 years old tend to have higher net savings relative to their outstanding debt.
▪ When some one died, the administrator collected all assets of the deceased and paid his outstanding debts.
▪ Continuing anxiety about the state of the economy forced families to pay off more outstanding debt last month.
▪ Aims are to reduce outstanding debt and achieve low interest payments.
▪ At the end of his term abroad he sells the house and repays any outstanding debt.
public
▪ High military expenditure will fuel inflation, reduce international competitiveness, and balance of payments crises will occur as public debt increases.
▪ Elorriaga had decided to withdraw when Congress refused to support his proposals on taxation and on the refunding of the public debt.
▪ If the building society had used the additional deposit to buy public sector debt, then the consequence would have been avoided.
▪ The Maastricht rules also impose strict limits on public debt.
▪ As we will discover in Chapter 15, in recent years large Federal deficits have caused the public debt to rise sharply.
▪ That issue, its first public debt sale, was priced to yield 7. 25 percent.
total
▪ Only cancellation means definitive ending of the total debt.
▪ Nearly half of the annual total debt amount was accounted for by only 36 financial institutions, Kuroda said.
▪ Several of the major accounts appeared to be excessively overdue when compared with the total ledger aged debt statistics.
▪ What is your total credit card debt today?
▪ In 1993, this total debt surpassed $ 3 trillion.
■ NOUN
burden
▪ The expense of servicing the debt burden increased the budget deficit, which in turn stimulated inflation.
▪ Their debt burden, more than $ 24 billion, has never been higher.
▪ The debt burden is weighing more and more heavily on the weakest economies.
▪ In addition, Alpha demanded a higher cash flow from Mega to meet its debt burden.
▪ By the end of 1992, Metrologie claims it will have reduced its debt burden from £122.26 million to £59.77 million.
▪ Needless to say, virtually all debtor governments are counting on continued negotiations with their creditors to alleviate their debt burdens.
▪ The countries in which they live labour under a massive debt burden - £784 billion of it.
▪ The current debt burden will be written off and the organisation liberated from the public finance system.
collector
▪ The debt collector himself had small debts and was questioned several years ago in Milan over alleged extortion of a client.
▪ By 1994 there were already 2. 4 debt collectors for each 1, 000 families in the United States.
▪ Are you going to use your local agents or staff, a debt collector, a solicitor, political pressure or what?
▪ They're not really bookies these days, they're just debt collectors.
▪ The college takes 500 pupils from across the world and decided to call in debt collectors as a last resort.
▪ Most satisfyingly, of course, debt collectors made an enormous number of personal calls, sometimes international ones.
▪ The debt collector bought up all his debts, and now he owes nearly twice the previous amount.
crisis
▪ The result could be world recession and a worsening of the international debt crisis.
▪ The debt crisis has made commercial banks and international donors wary of making certain types of investments.
▪ A well researched, highly readable account of the debt crisis.
▪ Those loans are the focal point of the bad-debt crisis plaguing the financial system and weighing down the economy.
▪ Since the onset of the debt crisis in the early 1980s more than 70 countries were currently having serious debt problems.
▪ The so-called debt crisis is clearly not a crisis for everyone.
▪ After 1982, the Third World debt crisis also turned banks towards the home market in the search for creditworthy borrowers.
government
▪ Yet shrinking economies mean falling tax revenues and so larger budget deficits and more government debt.
▪ Yields of 10-year bonds fell in six of the 12 major government debt markets tracked by Bloomberg Business News.
▪ This is measured by the total monthly spread between government debt and treasury bills. 3.
▪ This means that any effects of the government debt may be neutralized by the appropriate combination of lump-sum taxes and transfers.
▪ Some 90 percent of government debt is financed from domestic savings, leaving little capital spare for stocks.
▪ This is because ScottishPower repurchased £142 million of government debt last November, in the light of falling interest rates.
problem
▪ Marriage breakdown can be followed by debt problems.
▪ The couple is to be commended for attempting to resolve their debt problem.
▪ In recent years, especially since 1982, a number of countries have developed very serious international debt problems.
▪ Clinton also asked Glickman to report back within 30 days with recommendations to help alleviate debt problems afflicting cattle producers.
▪ There is, however, no systematic training for volunteers who become concerned over issues like the rainforest, the debt problem.
▪ Several ministers of finance tried their hand at coping with the foreign and internal debt problem.
▪ Finally, the importance of illness and unemployment as factors which can push credit users into serious debt problems is clear.
▪ The Citizens' Advice Bureaux are used to helping people sort out their debt problems.
reduction
▪ Multilateral institutions would be asked for debt reductions equivalent to those agreed by the private banks.
▪ He also would establish a national debt-elimination sinking fund to set aside the fruits of economic growth for debt reduction.
▪ The alternative is to push the task of debt reduction even further into the future.
▪ Baldwin had aimed by his example at a debt reduction of £1000 million.
▪ Managers charge a fee and a cut of any debt reduction.
relief
▪ They promised deeper, speedier debt relief at last year's Cologne summit.
▪ He also wants debt relief linked to reform of the International Monetary Fund.
▪ Eight countries that have received debt relief are still paying more on their debts than on health and education.
▪ Moreover, whether or not conditions are attached to debt relief, they will certainly be attached to other forms of aid.
▪ As things stand, only 14 countries are likely to qualify for HIPC2 debt relief this year.
▪ So far their progress on debt relief has been agonisingly slow.
▪ In the end the Group of Seven leading industrial nations supported the debt relief campaign for two reasons.
▪ Progress on debt relief has been miserably slow; it would probably have been even slower without the pledges made in Cologne.
repayment
▪ Southern California Edison, one of the electricity companies facing bankruptcy, defaulted on debt repayments of $ 596m.
▪ Any outstanding debt repayment requirements and / or restrictive covenants on long term debt agreements are additional important. considerations.
▪ As a message about debt repayment, it proved far more effective than a letter writing campaign.
▪ One hundred bankers have been invited to Toronto on April 13 when O&Y is expected to seek formal suspension of debt repayments.
▪ From such perspectives, requirements for any further debt repayments are immoral and illegitimate.
▪ However, all these initiatives require heavy investment at a time when economies are squeezed by foreign debt repayments.
▪ Consumers complained about unaffordable debt repayment settings on both gas and electricity meters.
▪ The property tax will be levied, on the predictable base of immovable property, to yield the required annual debt repayments.
security
▪ But one main purpose, protecting the small investor, barely arises with debt securities.
▪ The most notable example is debt securities which companies promise to hold until they mature.
▪ The legislation covers all debt securities including gilts.
▪ June 97: Verio announces the successful offering of $ 150 million in institutionally-placed debt securities.
▪ The screen-based systems of the exchanges now make it feasible to disseminate price quotations for debt securities and to report transactions.
▪ These high-yield debt securities are considered to be instruments of the devil.
▪ These are debt securities that can be converted into stock.
service
▪ In more than half of the years between 1713 and 1785 debt service took up more than 40 percent of total revenue.
▪ The county faces a $ 5. 2 million debt service payment this fiscal year, Kelly said.
▪ Foreign exchange earnings were projected at US$8,998 million, of which US$2,227 million would be spent on debt service.
▪ As a federal spending program, Medicare now ranks fourth behind Social Security, defense and debt service.
▪ The resultant deferred debt service charges are included in debtors.
▪ Denver International must take in at least $ 304 million in revenues next year to cover annual debt service and operating costs.
▪ Kiyonga said that declining terms of trade and heavy debt service payments continued to prevent rapid economic rehabilitation.
▪ The North receives a kind of colonial tribute in debt service, whilst getting its raw materials at rock-bottom prices.
trap
▪ Susan George reveals the dynamic behind the debt trap.
▪ It became a more serious potential debt trap than running up bills at retailers.
▪ Job fears and the mortgage debt trap are failing to halt the housing slump.
world
▪ The Group linked third world debt and more favourable trade agreements to environmental issues.
▪ The arms trade increases Third World debt, which is a burden born by the poorest.
▪ Hastily Stevens laid down his book on Third World debt and straightened his reclining chair.
▪ Last year's figures were boosted by strong foreign-exchange earnings and a £122 million write-back from third world debt provisions.
▪ Labour would implement environmentally-progressive policies and press for reductions and possibly cancellations in third world debt.
▪ In the same way, the West continues to make large sums of money from Third World debt.
▪ Given third world debt problems and so on, many corporates are stronger credits than many banks.
▪ Labour will promote environmentally sustainable development and encourage new approaches to reduce Third World debt.
■ VERB
acknowledge
▪ While acknowledging their debt to Hearsay-II, they point out a number of differences.
▪ Years later, she acknowledged the debt she owed him for those early lessons in self-determination.
▪ Certainly, Bentham acknowledged his debt to Beccaria.
▪ Shelley has always acknowledged his debt to the late doctor.
▪ I want to acknowledge a personal debt to him.
▪ Brooks attended to every detail of his churches and Mackmurdo later acknowledged his debt to him as an exemplar of methodical thoroughness.
clear
▪ A cheque completely clearing the debt has been sent to Donovan's lawyers.
▪ His argument is that once we have cleared the debt we could buy a car with another loan.
▪ Borrowers were told that policies might not only clear their mortgage debt but might also give them an additional lump sum.
▪ As fast as it came in, it went out to clear his debt.
▪ With a personal loan you have to stick to a fixed schedule of repayments to clear the debt within a fixed period.
▪ If she won, her broker was to receive three times her normal fee, enough to clear her debt.
▪ So they did the switch, cleared their debts, and now £6 a month better off.
▪ Should you hang on to your cash or clear your debts?
cut
▪ Some firms will be told to sell off non-essential assets to cut their debt.
▪ Lower bill yields would cut the amount of debt to be retired at each auction, reducing borrowing requirements and the deficit.
▪ Profits were boosted by an interest charge slashed from £9.9 million to £4 million as a result of measures to cut debts.
▪ Trafalgar said it aims to cut debt and revamp its money-losing engineering and cruise line business.
▪ The Asda cash will be used to cut debts to about £100 million and allow the revamping and relocation of some stores.
▪ It has fought for two years to survive the recession, selling assets to cut spiralling debts.
fall
▪ The Society of Friends were equally severe about members who fell into debt.
▪ Those who fall deeply into personal debt become vulnerable to unflattering press reports.
increase
▪ Otherwise lawyers would involve her every day more and more; debts would increase more debts.
▪ Anything higher tends to increase the debt at a compound rate.
▪ Closing Dumenil Leble will increase Cerus's debt to 2 billion francs from 1 billion.
▪ If the assessed valuation of Los Angeles could be rapidly increased, its debt ceiling would be that much higher.
▪ A three-fifths vote would be required to increase the federal debt.
▪ They are demanding that Clinton accept much of their proposal before they will increase the debt ceiling limit.
incur
▪ We are trying to drag them here soas to get direct investment and to get foreign capital without incurring foreign debt.
▪ Under the city charter, Los Angeles was prohibited from incurring a debt greater than 15 percent of its assessed valuation.
▪ Mr McGovern also claims to be free of the banks, never having incurred much long-term debt.
▪ They must incur debt if they are to keep abreast.
▪ If one was punctual and could pay in the long run, why incur the debt at all?
▪ Loans would only incur future debt obligations, thereby hindering growth.
mount
▪ The previous mayor, Sanyu Ishii, disappeared suddenly after resigning in mid-June because of mounting gambling debts.
▪ He struggled on in the face of mounting debts, but his days as a Niagara entrepreneur were over.
owe
▪ We all owe him a great debt of gratitude, and we wish him well.
▪ We owe debts in a democracy if we want to keep it, and sometimes payment requires facing danger.
▪ Eliot at once sent him a cablegram, saying that he was one to whom all contemporary poets owed a debt.
▪ I never saw them again and yet I owe them a debt, a gratitude.
▪ Joseph Harker To whom do we owe the national debt?
▪ Although his stories are actually more historical adventure than romance, later romance authors owe him a great debt.
▪ The arguments are moral: the rich countries owe a debt for the ravaged resources of the Third World.
▪ Each of the Padres' two franchise postseason appearances has owed a debt to free-agent acquisitions.
pay
▪ Magistrates at Saxmundham ordered Nick to pay the debt with £12 costs.
▪ The agreement ends a year-long dispute over how to resolve paying the debt.
▪ He might have pledged it to pay his debts, or sold it.
▪ He lost all the money and drove me into a situation where it took me 10 years to pay off debts.
▪ They say they were left financially strapped or forced to forfeit their homes to pay off the debts.
▪ They say their business makes sense for winners who need immediate cash to pay off debts, start up businesses or invest.
▪ Foreign-exchange reserves have been maintained at their current low level only by failing to pay back some foreign debt.
▪ He paid off his debts and was named deputy chairman of the Conservative Party in 1985.
reduce
▪ Money paid by the defendant is appropriated first to reducing the principal debt and then towards the interest.
▪ The cash raised will be used to reduce Courtaulds's debt, he added.
▪ The budget surplus of A$8,107 million was the fourth consecutive surplus, and would be used to reduce overseas debt.
▪ Analysts said that with reduced debt and better cash flow, Hopewell can move ahead with projects it has started.
▪ It also remains to be seen what the Halls can do to reduce the club's debts of £6.5m.
▪ In accounting terms, this maneuver has the same effect as paying off the government securities and reducing the federal debt.
▪ Finally his estate was reduced by debts to £4 net.
▪ The endorsement fees should go a long way toward reducing her reported debt of 3 million pounds, about $ 5 million.
repay
▪ It has gone in repaying the overseas debt that we inherited from the last Labour Government.
▪ There would be a counterpart increase in consumer saving as the unpersuaded allowed their bank balances to grow and repaid their debts.
▪ Net proceeds will be used to repay short and long-term debt, refinance long term debt and for working capital.
▪ They do not have to repay the debts.
▪ Around NZ$4,200 million of this was allocated to repaying domestic and foreign debt.
▪ That generated plenty of dollars the government could use to repay debts.
▪ In spite of their neutrality some one might remember, and might repay the debt.
▪ It will use about half of the funds raised from the sale to repay existing debt.
sell
▪ The family were not rich; much of their land had been sold to pay the debts of successive wastrel sons.
▪ The Federal Farm Credit Banks are slated to sell debt.
▪ Your business will almost certainly be closed, your employees dismissed and most of your assets sold to cover your debts.
▪ It borrows money by selling its own debt and invests in student loans.
▪ All your property can be sold to recover debts.
▪ The two companies estimated that by selling the debt as securities, the surcharge to customers could eventually be reduced.
settle
▪ I'd like to whisk her away on my white charger, but I have to settle my debts first.
▪ Another gives generously yet never settles his debts.
▪ Tam again settled his debts, and again found himself with virtually nothing left.
▪ The settling of Tam's debts turned out to be less difficult than I had expected.
▪ It's for him to come down here and settle his debts, like everybody else in the valley.
▪ On his return, he borrowed money from Harriet to settle debts from his continental fling.
write
▪ Of the top 19 banks, 13 are expected to make losses this year as they write off bad debts.
▪ First, it was easy, because mentally they had already written those debts off.
▪ They may yet have to write the debt off.
▪ He was honest: he wrote his debt in the departmental notebook on the draining board.
PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
be over your head in debt
be up to your ears in work/debt/problems etc
call in a loan/debt
▪ As the banks were squeezed, they called in loans and forced bankruptcy on their clients.
▪ As we have seen, if banks are short of cash they can call in loans from the discount houses.
▪ No banks to call in loans.
▪ The college takes 500 pupils from across the world and decided to call in debt collectors as a last resort.
clear a debt/loan
▪ It is coupled with Gade's third symphony, a work combining originality with clear debt to Mendelsshon's symphonic style.
deep in debt
▪ After my surgery, we were deep in debt with doctor bills.
▪ Besides, Tam was deep in debt to Richie again, and couldn't really afford to go anywhere.
▪ Her husband Peter is dying of cancer and the couple are deep in debt.
▪ Ron and Melanie found themselves out of work and deep in debt.
▪ The Charterhouse, also deep in debt, was passed over in silence.
▪ The firms involved have ended up bankrupt or deep in debt, healthy companies turned into cripples.
forgive a debt/loan
make good a debt/loss etc
▪ Their use should minimise water use to making good losses through evaporation.
meet a debt/cost/expense etc
▪ Barnardo's had to draw £1.7 million from its reserves to meet costs.
run up a debt/bill etc
▪ For Gieves the tailors, the extent to which clients indulged in running up bills regardless had become extremely serious.
▪ Having run up a debt of over £100,000, they're unlikely to be forgotten by Virgin Records in a hurry.
▪ He spent 3 months there, running up bills of £30,000, as yet unpaid.
▪ If my neighbours ran up a bill and refused to pay we would not be expected to pay it.
▪ It became a more serious potential debt trap than running up bills at retailers.
▪ Model customers run up bills and pay in installments, with the high interest that makes the business so lucrative.
▪ The problem of running up debts to pay for the elderly is straight-forward.
▪ They continue to run up bills and never build equity in their house.
sb has paid their debt to society
▪ After 20 years in jail, Murray feels he has paid his debt to society.
service a debt/loan
▪ The result is inadequate cash flow to service debt during the first critical years after purchase.
▪ The workers and peasants toil and sweat to service debts owed to the international bankers and multilateral agencies.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ Debt is one of the main social problems of our time.
▪ He protected less profitable state farms by writing off their debts.
▪ It took us three years to pay off all our debts.
▪ Lenders must try and protect themselves against bad debts.
▪ The government now has debts of $2.5 billion.
▪ To pay the interest on our foreign debt, we will have to import less.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ However, the members will be personally liable to the company to the full extent for the debts of the company.
▪ In the past few years thousands of farmers have committed suicide because of escalating debts.
▪ Shareholders and creditors agree to restructure debts and payment schedules and, often, to swap debt for riskier equity.
▪ Since there are many different categories of debt issues, there are many different possible types of yield curves.
▪ The credit industry argues that the changes are needed to prevent people who can repay their debts from hiding behind bankruptcy law.
▪ The Issue Department frequently engages in open-market operations as part of the Bank's debt management.
▪ Unfortunately, widespread foot-dragging continues to act as a brake on debt relief.