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Cynara

Cynara is a genus of thistle-like perennial plants in the sunflower family. They are native to the Mediterranean region, the Middle East, northwestern Africa, and the Canary Islands. The genus name comes from the Greek kynara, which means "artichoke".

Among the species in this genus are:

  • Cynara cardunculus is the cardoon, artichoke thistle, or wild artichoke. The stems of cultivated varieties are used as food around the Mediterranean. It is a common source of a coagulant used as an alternative to rennet in the manufacture of cheese, with the advantage that the cheese is then fully suitable for vegetarians; many southern European cheeses are traditionally made in this way. The edible globe artichoke is usually considered to be an ancient cultigen of this plant. As an introduced species in California, Argentina, and Australia, it is a major pest.
  • Cynara humilis is a wild thistle of southern Europe and north Africa which can be used in cheesemaking like C. cardunculus.
  • Cynara scolymus is the edible globe artichoke. It differs from C. cardunculus in that the leaf lobes and inner bracts of involucre are less spiny.
  • Cynara cornigera leaves and flowers are eaten raw or cooked in Crete.

Cynara species are used as food plants by the larvae of many lepidopterans, such as the artichoke plume moth (Platyptilia carduidactyla), a pest of artichoke crops.

''C. cardunculus ''is being developed as a new bioenergy crop in the Mediterranean because of its high biomass and seed oil yields even under harsh conditions.

Species
  1. Cynara algarbiensis - Spain, Portugal
  2. Cynara auranitica - Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Turkey
  3. Cynara baetica - Spain, Morocco
  4. Cynara cardunculus - cardoon - from Ireland + Canary Islands to Azerbaijan; naturalized in other regions
  5. Cynara cornigera - Greece, Libya, Cyprus, Egypt, Libya
  6. Cynara cyrenaica - Crete, Libya, Cyprus
  7. Cynara humilis - Spain, Portugal, Algeria, Morocco, Canary Islands
  8. Cynara makrisii
  9. Cynara scolymus (syn. C. cardunculus var. scolymus) - artichoke - area of origins unclear but probably Mediterranean; widely cultivated and naturalized
  10. Cynara syriaca - Cyprus, Iran, Lebanon, Syria
  11. Cynara tournefortii - Morocco, Spain, Portugal
Cynara (film)

Cynara is an American Pre-Code 1932 romantic drama film about a British lawyer who pays a heavy price for an affair. It stars Ronald Colman, Kay Francis and Phyllis Barry. It is based on the 1928 novel An Imperfect Lover by Robert Gore-Browne.

Cynara (Delius)

Cynara is a setting by Frederick Delius of a poem by Ernest Dowson, for solo baritone voice and orchestra.

Delius worked on the piece in 1907 as part of his score for Songs of Sunset, but abandoned this setting as he felt it did not fit with the other poems by Dowson. He left it incomplete. The sketches were rediscovered in 1929 by Delius's assistant, Eric Fenby (the composer Philip Heseltine, otherwise Peter Warlock, also claimed credit for the discovery). Delius dictated to Fenby a setting of the final four lines, and the completed score was sent to Heseltine who was assisting Sir Thomas Beecham in the organisation of a Delius Festival to be held in London during October 1929.

Cynara was premiered at the Queen's Hall on 18 October 1929; John Goss was the soloist, with the BBC Orchestra conducted by Beecham.

There are several available recordings of the work.

Cynara (disambiguation)

Cynara is a genus of perennial plants.

Cynara may also refer to:

  • A woman in Ernest Dowson's poem Non Sum Qualis eram Bonae Sub Regno Cynarae, first published in 1894
  • Cynara (Delius), a musical setting by Frederick Delius of the poem
  • Cynara (play), a 1930s London and Broadway production written by Harold Marsh Harwood and Robert Gore-Browne
  • Cynara (film), a 1932 movie based on the play and starring Ronald Colman
  • Cynara Coomer, South African surgeon and medical journalist

Usage examples of "cynara".

And then imagine, quite plausibly, that at the center of this world moves an illegitimate mulatto woman, and that this woman, Cynara, Cinnamon, or Cindy- beautiful and brown- gets to tell her story.

Eager to let the old Cinnamon die and let the new Cynara be born all the nights to come.

Cindy, nee Cynara, called Cinnamon, died many years later of a disease we now know to be lupus.

She left her diary to Miss Priss, who left it to her eldest daughter, who left it to her only daughter, Prissy Cynara Brown.

Like Mammy, Lady, and Planter, Cynara, Congressman, and Corinne were buried together.

March was mild, pure blue skies soaring overhead, brilliant sunlight spilling over the pathways in the park, and in April, as the trees began to green, as the first daffodils opened up delicate yellow faces to the sun, Cynara and I were racing right alongside Clinton and his stallion, aptly named Hercules.

Gently tugging the reins, I directed Cynara onto a side road and we passed more fields and a bank of trees, and then I saw the McCarry place in the distance.

I left the churchyard, mounted Cynara and rode home to join my husband for lunch.

I had leased space in a stable near the park in London, and Cynara was already there.

Kentucky Kate outside the old Empire that you had been faithful, Cynara, in your fashion.

Cynara made a thorough check on the shields Persephonean Kinsmen had embedded when she'd taken the captaincy.