adjective
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES
a religious/military/biological etc metaphor
▪ He uses a military metaphor to describe these women as ‘storming’ the castle of male power.
a sexual/biological urge
▪ Most of us feel the biological urge to reproduce.
biological clock ticking
▪ career women who hear the biological clock ticking
biological clock
▪ career women who hear the biological clock ticking
biological diversity (=including many different types of plants and animals)
▪ North Carolina is an area of astonishing biological diversity.
biological evolution
▪ Every living creature has been formed by the slow process of biological evolution.
biological/germ warfare (=using dangerous bacteria or illnesses as a weapon)
▪ These bacteria might be used in biological warfare.
chemical/biological weapons (=weapons that use chemicals such as poisonous gases, or dangerous germs)
▪ Troops may have been exposed to chemical weapons.
sb's biological/natural parents
▪ Most children are reared by their natural parents.
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ NOUN
activity
▪ The biological activity of these compounds remains to be determined.
▪ Such structural analysis provides clues about the sites on the molecule responsible for its biological activity in the body.
▪ But quite a lot of biological activity takes place in the pre-filter mat too.
▪ Intellectual and biological activity are both part of the overall process by which an organism adapts to the environment and organizes experience.
▪ Centrophenoxine had the strongest biological activity, producing a mild stimulation of the central nervous system.
▪ Both peptides have essentially identical biological activities.
▪ For each total synthesis a brief introduction is given, outlining the biological activity and other syntheses of the target compound.
▪ Caulerpa is not very hardy, and sensitive to changes in the chemical and biological activity of a new set-up.
agent
▪ There are however two specific product types that have some value and are known, collectively, as biological agents.
▪ The front companies were liquidated or privatized, and most of the lethal or incapacitating chemical and biological agents were destroyed.
▪ The biological agents that can play a part in breaking down rocks include bacteria, algae and too tIers.
basis
▪ This certainly has a biological basis as well as a social one.
▪ Those who posit a purely biological basis for this phenomenon are ignoring the class or political element.
▪ However, most sociologists would argue that systems of racial stratification have a social rather than a biological basis.
clock
▪ It's the men now, as often as not, who hear the biological clock ticking loudest.
▪ We watch commercials for pregnancy testers that warn women to remember their biological clocks.
▪ The way Max's biological clock is ticking, it's a wonder Emma didn't call out the bomb squad.
▪ Unlike mechanical clocks, which are completely blind to their surroundings, a biological clock gets reset every day by the sun.
▪ The ticking of the biological clock.
▪ Of course, nature being unjust as ever, I have no biological clock of my own.
▪ You are an owl-and-lark couple, people whose biological clocks simply don't match.
control
▪ In classical biological control, a natural enemy is introduced to control an organism that has become a pest in its absence.
▪ If they did the biological control would fail.
▪ Ubiquitous and successful as they are, the owls could become significant agents of biological control.
▪ Nevertheless, many agrochemical companies are undertaking extensive research programmes on biological control.
▪ There is also considerable potential for the development of novel biological control agents by genetic engineering.
▪ Truly, Dolly has taken us into the age of biological control.
▪ Spray with a suitable insecticide or use biological control.
▪ Truly they will take humanity into the age of biological control.
determinism
▪ There may well have been, but an examination of those described shows the limitations of biological determinism.
▪ But strong biological determinism flies in the face of experience.
▪ Feminists are also realizing that a rejection of biology can, paradoxically, increase the influence of biological determinism.
▪ Surely their replacing biological determinism with social constructionism presents too limited a dialectic.
▪ Chomsky is committed to an axiom of biological determinism.
difference
▪ It can therefore be argued that biological differences become biological inequalities only to the extent that they are defined as such.
▪ We are much less likely to find biological differences between races, simply because the genetic distances among them are so small.
▪ It can be argued that biological differences become biological inequalities when people define them as such.
diversity
▪ The Amazonian rainforests make up one third of all rainforests and are vitally important in terms of biological diversity.
▪ The Spice of Life Human biological diversity is hardly a new concept.
▪ They are regions of huge biological diversity, a treasure chest of invaluable worth, representing 60 million years of evolution.
▪ The impact, Loucks believes, may permanently reduce the biological diversity of this extraordinary ecosystem.
▪ What all these tropical forests have in common, however, is their astonishing biological diversity.
▪ We can not save the world's biological diversity unless we nurture the human diversity that protects and develops it.
▪ Scientists interested in biological diversity, and the evolutionary reasons for it, already see it in that light.
evolution
▪ The forces which drive technological development have a close parallel in biological evolution.
▪ In terms of biological evolution, complex adaptive systems seek patterns and learn from their interactions with the environment.
▪ Inpart Marx say this task as paralleling what had been done by Darwin for biological evolution.
▪ Human cultures can change rapidly because cultural innovation is infinitely faster than biological evolution.
▪ Evolving software mimics biological evolution with collections of programs competing with each other to see which performs the task best.
▪ His approach has undoubtedly helped a lot of people to understand the complexities of biological evolution.
explanation
▪ Such anxieties are still informed by nineteenth-century pseudo-scientific genetic and biological explanations of racial difference and comprise distortion, fantasy and myth.
▪ Theories of socialization also tend to provide implicitly biological explanations of social relations other than gender.
▪ Generally, however, feminist psychologists try to avoid biological explanations.
▪ It is the credibility of this biological explanation which allows them to assimilate other female-male differences to it.
▪ But egalitarian feminists tend to play down the value of biological explanations.
fact
▪ Nor are states of health and states of dependency automatically related to the biological facts of ageing.
▪ It looks as though here, too, the hypothesis does not account for all the biological facts.
▪ It also has a reputation for uncleanliness that is borne out by the biological facts.
▪ This statement will anger many well-meaning vegetarians and vegans, but they must face the biological facts.
▪ The biological fact of her femininity took precedence over serious critical evaluations of her work.
factor
▪ Just how much is due to inherited characteristics, and how much to other biological factors or early childhood experiences is still uncertain.
▪ Researchers hope to find chemical or biological factors that protect some children against malaria.
▪ Furthermore, the biological factors which predispose certain individuals towards a depletion of these neurotransmitters have not yet been established.
▪ The biological factor is the length of time that the human child is dependent and helpless and in need of attention from parents.
▪ The relative importance of habit and biological factors in such circumstances is hard to decide.
▪ Thus, the effect of socio-economic factors may coalesce with the effect of biological factors.
▪ There are many ways in which biological factors may be implicated in depression.
family
▪ She sums up the situation by saying that the reconstituted family is never the same as the biological family.
▪ Clearly, many factors besides abortion result in children whose biological families are unable to rear them. 2.
father
▪ The two candidates for the role of biological father were both Black Panthers.
▪ My biological father is diagnosed as paranoid / schizophrenic.
▪ They were clearly biological fathers only - not practising parents.
▪ Or now, when they swear their biological father forced them to make the whole story up?
filter
▪ Set up a biological filter and circulate your pondwater through it about once every two hours with a suitable pump.
▪ It can take up to 30 days, dependant on temperature for a biological filter to become established.
▪ In the first of several experiments, Ray pumped water through the device into the bottom of a pump-fed biological filter.
▪ Stocking too quickly leads to disease and deaths, as the biological filter can not cope with the load.
filtration
▪ The next chamber or chambers generally hold the main media, aimed at biological filtration.
▪ Foam media is also supplied in some units as the main source of biological filtration.
▪ Not only can it be introduced by contaminated water changes but it is also self-generated as part of the biological filtration cycle.
▪ It passes through a sponge where mechanical and biological filtration takes place, and is then passed back on to the water.
function
▪ Despite the contrast in their biological functions, these cells show similarities in their phospholipid orientation.
▪ We have fulfilled our biological function.
▪ Polyunsaturated fatty acids have essential biological functions.
material
▪ This is where the internal surfaces in biological materials and reinforced plastics become important.
▪ The organic matter is extremely old and quite dissimilar to biological material.
▪ In short, fertilization enhanced neither the build-up of biological materials nor the capture of nutrients by it.
▪ In a field where biological material is limited, experimental cytogenetic techniques often require only a few cells.
need
▪ Baboons are highly intelligent animals and learn to satisfy their biological needs in many often diverse ways.
▪ There is no biological need for each to have the same genetic code.&038;.
▪ Which suggests that the life patterns imposed on infants in fact derive from biological need.
▪ Primary reinforcers such as water and food satisfy biological needs.
▪ Nature allows some persons to pass through all the successive levels of biological growth and thereby attain their biological needs.
▪ There is no biological need for the father to be anywhere around when the baby is born and nurtured.
▪ And you may like to know that we have not neglected the infant's biological need to suckle.
▪ At first the growth of a child is dictated by biological needs.
organism
▪ Modern societies are therefore institutionally differentiated, on the analogy of biological organisms, from the relatively simple to the relatively complex.
▪ This background influenced all his thinking about man in society, for he never forgot that human beings were biological organisms.
▪ In the biochemical approach, enzymes obtained from biological organisms are used.
▪ Individual cells have to develop differently in order to make any biological organism.
▪ This brings us to another group of alleged animal rights which relate to its functioning as a biological organism.
parent
▪ It's now estimated that by 2010, children in stepfamilies will actually outnumber those living with two biological parents.
▪ The hearing would decide whether the state should terminate the rights of the biological parents and put the child up for adoption.
▪ Steven Lowe, Liverpool Who would be the biological parents of a human clone, and what legal ramifications would this have?
▪ Adopted children and their biological parents may suffer stress long after the adoption. 4.
▪ Most of the debate was really about an alleged universality of the nuclear family of married biological parents and their legitimate children.
▪ Nevertheless, I have as much of a need to hand my legacy on to some one as any biological parent.
problem
▪ An entire new world had opened to Celestine: how to use chemical insight and apply it to biological problems.
process
▪ Instead of growing up, I had, as it were, grown down, and thus reversed a natural biological process.
▪ Manufacturers will perceive natural biological processes as competitive and inspirational, and this will drive manufactured processes toward biological-type solutions.
▪ One wonders, then, what must be the effect of such an influx of fresh vitality upon biological processes?
▪ Imagine, Tibbs suggests, that we push grimy workaday industrial processes toward the character of biological processes.
▪ This is true of many biological processes and no one level is intrinsically preferable to another.
▪ In this case, air stripping precedes a conventional biological process, while carbon adsorption is used as a final polishing step.
▪ This relationship between body temperature and the speed of biological processes applies throughout the animal kingdom.
▪ The widest possible implications must be considered when either sanctioning or preventing the application of a new biological process.
reason
▪ There are good biological reasons for why it is so difficult to produce drugs that will knock out viral infections.
▪ Piaget examined and rejected both the Darwinian and Lamarckian positions, which conclude that for biological reasons, wars are inevitable.
▪ Second, only 15 0 % of patients were ineligible for biological reasons, and only 3 6 % refused enrolment.
▪ But there are also biological reasons for its persistence.
research
▪ The Marie Curie Research Institute develops molecular biological research into the causes and treatment of cancer.
▪ Could biological research really refute the insights Freud formulated about mankind?
▪ Such a scheme has a factorial treatment structure and is very commonly used in biological research.
science
▪ Should one speak of biological science or sciences?
▪ Coming to the subject by way of the biological sciences, she stressed the value of biological principles applied to human geography.
▪ Darwin is loose on the shop floor, and industry has become a branch of the biological sciences.
▪ To those like me whose education concentrated on the physical rather than the biological sciences, the Nilsson film was a revelation.
▪ What is meant by science in this case is of course the physical sciences and to a lesser degree the biological sciences.
sense
▪ It was not a kinship group in any biological sense.
system
▪ Most biological systems have feedback mechanisms that help smooth out the little fluctuations that life throws at them.
▪ In biological systems, it is therefore necessary to distinguish between osmotically active and osmotically inactive particles.
▪ This is just one example of the many that could be quoted to emphasize the importance of shape in biological systems.
▪ Some biological systems are so organized that they remain in the game of life.
▪ Many of the essays look at the reasons why chirality is of interest and the relationship to biological systems.
▪ Corresponding to this economics of adaptability components there is an economics of stability and instability in biological systems.
▪ Because of its extensive tissue localisation, its effects on a variety of biological systems has been assessed.
▪ Official sketches show a small warren of rooms, lit by artificial lights and stuffed with compact biological systems.
theory
▪ Unlike biological theories, socialization accounts apply equally to women and men.
▪ Wilson's position makes sense of a great deal in the history of general biological theory before and since 1900.
▪ That Darwin's ideas could have such manifold influence throughout the entire structure of modern biological theory should not now be surprising.
▪ Some feminist psychologists have even developed a kind of biological egalitarianism as a corrective to psychology's male-oriented biological theories.
▪ Some biological theories are sufficiently affected by increasing demands for social relevance to tackle social differences.
▪ These patterns are usually less clear and testable than those described in overtly biological theories.
▪ He never had another fundamentally novel idea in general biological theory.
▪ Agricultural institutions also began to play a major role in applying biological theory to the problems of agriculture.
warfare
▪ He knew then that the mystery of Titron was only partly explained by the secret biological warfare establishment.
weapon
▪ The accord also authorized the creation of a mechanism to monitor the observance of conventions banning biological weapons.
▪ More successful than any of these methods, however, looks to be a new biological weapon, a nematode.
▪ We tend to focus on nuclear but chemical and biological weapons, while not as devastating, would be plenty bad.
▪ The chances of this working are close to zero, leaving organic farmers without their biological weapon of last resort.
▪ We will in addition work for a global ban on chemical and biological weapons and stronger controls to prevent proliferation of ballistic missiles.
▪ Mubarak's initiative for a Middle East free from nuclear, chemical and biological weapons was also welcomed.
▪ Regional conflicts - along with the proliferation of missiles and nuclear, chemical and biological weapons - present growing dangers.
EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES
▪ biological studies
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
▪ Freud had always supposed that the various forms of innate behaviour he explored had biological bases to them.
▪ He has been especially dodgy about agreements meant to prevent him from developing chemical, biological or nuclear weapons.
▪ In biological writing it has often been said that a character is advantageous or detrimental to a species.
▪ In fact, it tends to disprove the biological argument.
▪ Most biological systems have feedback mechanisms that help smooth out the little fluctuations that life throws at them.
▪ The Marie Curie Research Institute develops molecular biological research into the causes and treatment of cancer.
▪ There is no biological need for the father to be anywhere around when the baby is born and nurtured.
▪ We can not answer the mystery of desire with descriptions of biological functioning.