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battle of Issus

n. a battle (333 BC) in which Alexander the Great defeated the Persians under Darius III [syn: Issus]

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Battle of Issus

The Battle of Issus occurred in southern Anatolia, in November 333 BC between the Hellenic League led by Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Persia, led by Darius III, in the second great battle of Alexander's conquest of Asia. The invading Macedonian troops defeated Persia. After the Hellenic League soundly defeated the Persian satraps of Asia Minor (led by Greek mercenary Memnon of Rhodes) at the Battle of the Granicus, Darius took personal command of his army. He gathered reinforcements and led his men in a surprise march behind the Hellenic advance to cut their line of supply. This forced Alexander to countermarch, setting the stage for the battle near the mouth of the Pinarus River and the town of Issus.

Battle of Issus (194)

The Battle of Issus was the third major battle in between the forces of Emperor Septimius Severus and his rival, Pescennius Niger, part of the Year of the Five Emperors.

Battle of Issus (disambiguation)

Battle of Issus may refer to:

  • Battle of Issus (or 'The Battle at Issus') (333 BC), a battle in which Alexander the Great of Macedonia defeated Darius III of Persia.
  • Battle of Issus (194), the third major battle fought between Roman Emperor Septimius Severus and his rival Pescennius Niger.
  • Battle of Issus (622) (or 'Third Battle of Issus'), a name sometimes used in older sources for an alleged battle between Eastern Roman Emperor Heraclius and the Sassanid Empire at Issus during the emperor's 622 campaign. Modern scholarly sources place it in Cappadocia instead.

The first of these battles is the subject of two notable artworks, and in the context of art it is usually referred to as the Battle of Alexander at Issus or simply the Battle of Alexander.

  • The Alexander Mosaic of Pompeii depicts a battle between Alexander and Darius. It is commonly believed to be the battle of Issus rather than the Battle of Gaugamela, another in which Darius was Alexander's adversary.
  • The Battle of Alexander at Issus (1528–9) by Albrecht Altdorfer.