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Wiktionary
advection

n. 1 (context earth science chemistry English) The horizontal movement of a body of atmosphere (or other fluid) along with a concurrent transport of its temperature, humidity etc. 2 The transport of a scalar by bulk fluid motion.

WordNet
advection

n. (meteorology) the horizontal transfer of heat or other atmospheric properties

Wikipedia
Advection

In physics, engineering, and earth sciences, advection is the transport of a substance. The properties of that substance are carried with it. Most generally the advected substance is a fluid. The properties that are carried with the advected substance are conserved properties such as energy. An example of advection is the transport of pollutants or silt in a river by bulk water flow downstream. Another commonly advected quantity is energy or enthalpy. Here the fluid may be any material that contains thermal energy, such as water or air. In general, any substance or conserved, extensive quantity can be advected by a fluid that can hold or contain the quantity or substance.

During advection, a fluid transports some conserved quantity or material via bulk motion. The fluid's motion is described mathematically as a vector field, and the transported material is described by a scalar field showing its distribution over space. Advection requires currents in the fluid, and so cannot happen in rigid solids. It does not include transport of substances by molecular diffusion.

Advection is sometimes confused with the more encompassing process of convection which is the combination of advective transport and diffusive transport.

In meteorology and physical oceanography, advection often refers to the transport of some property of the atmosphere or ocean, such as heat, humidity (see moisture) or salinity. Advection is important for the formation of orographic clouds and the precipitation of water from clouds, as part of the hydrological cycle.

Usage examples of "advection".

Coming down the High Sierras slope, they ran into a large area of fog of the advection type.

He looked around sharply, at the empty street and the river blurred in cottony advection fog.